{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:FN5J7BB6KCD6THNNJ6K6ZG3Z5V","short_pith_number":"pith:FN5J7BB6","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1212.6018","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2012-12-25T11:01:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.AP"],"title_canon_sha256":"e112028209430ecc1b21a481b62553e3c7c1ec2ce3eedb9a7d4bc1ad3dde028a","abstract_canon_sha256":"892327c34645a224001d5c9e87b2dd89856c53007e90db26e7c6177c8c9c4da7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2b7a9f843e5087e99dad4f95ec9b79ed4c48f1feddbf183c8f49464275dab507","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1212.6018","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1212.6018","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1212.6018v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1212.6018","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FN5J7BB6KCD6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FN5J7BB6KCD6THNN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FN5J7BB6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:FN5J7BB6KCD6THNNJ6K6ZG3Z5V","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1212.6018","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2012-12-25T11:01:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.AP"],"title_canon_sha256":"e112028209430ecc1b21a481b62553e3c7c1ec2ce3eedb9a7d4bc1ad3dde028a","abstract_canon_sha256":"892327c34645a224001d5c9e87b2dd89856c53007e90db26e7c6177c8c9c4da7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2b7a9f843e5087e99dad4f95ec9b79ed4c48f1feddbf183c8f49464275dab507","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:50.798475Z","signature_b64":"99PYprWjASxcckwvQ/LITemY6xMhMjM1LyQJIRaSdu0A94GYlQLIxQpzA5Yo1XWyINS4uC1zAiOLw8cMgnt8CA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"2b7a9f843e5087e99dad4f95ec9b79ed4c48f1feddbf183c8f49464275dab507","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:50.797574Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:50.797574Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1212.6018","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"EuSnXyHwtLW0zNIXeakB8O6MnYT/rw1CSKW0Mr4ZAHcvgUQqsl6Yrj6r06ZInPZk/ZLytQe8XNYopBNfht14BA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T09:17:14.701264Z"},"content_sha256":"31a91bc5013d9278a1dc213d66ed0a5d7502f8d1f88353af9bd6c1ab228322a9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:31a91bc5013d9278a1dc213d66ed0a5d7502f8d1f88353af9bd6c1ab228322a9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:FN5J7BB6KCD6THNNJ6K6ZG3Z5V","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Charts for Detecting Concept Drift","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG","stat.AP"],"primary_cat":"stat.ML","authors_text":"David J. Hand, Dimitris K. Tasoulis, Gordon J. Ross, Niall M. Adams","submitted_at":"2012-12-25T11:01:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"Classifying streaming data requires the development of methods which are computationally efficient and able to cope with changes in the underlying distribution of the stream, a phenomenon known in the literature as concept drift. We propose a new method for detecting concept drift which uses an Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) chart to monitor the misclassification rate of an streaming classifier. Our approach is modular and can hence be run in parallel with any underlying classifier to provide an additional layer of concept drift detection. Moreover our method is computationally e"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1212.6018","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HbJaatYHpW9dPm2J8F90GUW5KgQ4colQCs4STFvW+bqcOn92h5uiqKZxWfB47ct+wdI+GHVhtINW3BQpD3DFDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T09:17:14.701640Z"},"content_sha256":"d8d9b89b13e81f3f0da3c46a6e34338f0fc4743f1db153fa8416e9a1f38b5c45","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d8d9b89b13e81f3f0da3c46a6e34338f0fc4743f1db153fa8416e9a1f38b5c45"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FN5J7BB6KCD6THNNJ6K6ZG3Z5V/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FN5J7BB6KCD6THNNJ6K6ZG3Z5V/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FN5J7BB6KCD6THNNJ6K6ZG3Z5V/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T09:17:14Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/FN5J7BB6KCD6THNNJ6K6ZG3Z5V","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/FN5J7BB6KCD6THNNJ6K6ZG3Z5V/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/FN5J7BB6KCD6THNNJ6K6ZG3Z5V/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FN5J7BB6KCD6THNNJ6K6ZG3Z5V/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:FN5J7BB6KCD6THNNJ6K6ZG3Z5V","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"892327c34645a224001d5c9e87b2dd89856c53007e90db26e7c6177c8c9c4da7","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.AP"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2012-12-25T11:01:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"e112028209430ecc1b21a481b62553e3c7c1ec2ce3eedb9a7d4bc1ad3dde028a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1212.6018","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1212.6018","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1212.6018v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1212.6018","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FN5J7BB6KCD6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FN5J7BB6KCD6THNN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FN5J7BB6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d8d9b89b13e81f3f0da3c46a6e34338f0fc4743f1db153fa8416e9a1f38b5c45","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Classifying streaming data requires the development of methods which are computationally efficient and able to cope with changes in the underlying distribution of the stream, a phenomenon known in the literature as concept drift. We propose a new method for detecting concept drift which uses an Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) chart to monitor the misclassification rate of an streaming classifier. Our approach is modular and can hence be run in parallel with any underlying classifier to provide an additional layer of concept drift detection. Moreover our method is computationally e","authors_text":"David J. Hand, Dimitris K. Tasoulis, Gordon J. Ross, Niall M. Adams","cross_cats":["cs.LG","stat.AP"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2012-12-25T11:01:48Z","title":"Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Charts for Detecting Concept Drift"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1212.6018","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:31a91bc5013d9278a1dc213d66ed0a5d7502f8d1f88353af9bd6c1ab228322a9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"892327c34645a224001d5c9e87b2dd89856c53007e90db26e7c6177c8c9c4da7","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.AP"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2012-12-25T11:01:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"e112028209430ecc1b21a481b62553e3c7c1ec2ce3eedb9a7d4bc1ad3dde028a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1212.6018","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"2b7a9f843e5087e99dad4f95ec9b79ed4c48f1feddbf183c8f49464275dab507","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"2b7a9f843e5087e99dad4f95ec9b79ed4c48f1feddbf183c8f49464275dab507","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:50.797574Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:50.797574Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"99PYprWjASxcckwvQ/LITemY6xMhMjM1LyQJIRaSdu0A94GYlQLIxQpzA5Yo1XWyINS4uC1zAiOLw8cMgnt8CA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:50.798475Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1212.6018","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:31a91bc5013d9278a1dc213d66ed0a5d7502f8d1f88353af9bd6c1ab228322a9","sha256:d8d9b89b13e81f3f0da3c46a6e34338f0fc4743f1db153fa8416e9a1f38b5c45"],"state_sha256":"56c8edbecc74cd479900a8ee261fae3d0e70fd0c4a1a6245111c03b4a08dc3b6"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"cdBqHPQinc3LkX5G3Aj0XV6rrSD3lLO+ITWT8XHSVA3YD/xSRKEY2xXUzos0I7WnDQcL7eZPIeo/T6ESXxlwCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T09:17:14.703581Z","bundle_sha256":"1c4a406d91334c6dfa0d86c3ae4b272019509ec744f025a135e2f45f834af0a6"}}