{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:FOACAHLQ5WTHXTEECVIKBAHCOD","short_pith_number":"pith:FOACAHLQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1212.4901","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","submitted_at":"2012-12-20T01:28:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"94df2ce329a237c664c607299c769ca1d648a820a6675073c66ff62e0436e7a4","abstract_canon_sha256":"29450a44a78077177a26cc775a1270c6175c56a807150ced74ba7369cdded65a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2b80201d70eda67bcc841550a080e270d4a463d93504ec4a32149c12172efd9d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1212.4901","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1212.4901","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:38:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1212.4901v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:38:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1212.4901","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:38:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FOACAHLQ5WTH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FOACAHLQ5WTHXTEE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FOACAHLQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:FOACAHLQ5WTHXTEECVIKBAHCOD","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1212.4901","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","submitted_at":"2012-12-20T01:28:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"94df2ce329a237c664c607299c769ca1d648a820a6675073c66ff62e0436e7a4","abstract_canon_sha256":"29450a44a78077177a26cc775a1270c6175c56a807150ced74ba7369cdded65a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2b80201d70eda67bcc841550a080e270d4a463d93504ec4a32149c12172efd9d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:38:04.422193Z","signature_b64":"Bx7ycwG0ePVsHcHer6oTOYSURzZiEd7NXZ8TJt/5SuYuBMqmtEZu3H1CQU4VHrL3rxwzQ/T7VnceYYFLeQvMAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"2b80201d70eda67bcc841550a080e270d4a463d93504ec4a32149c12172efd9d","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:38:04.421581Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:38:04.421581Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1212.4901","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:38:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RdtAHvX17t39CgC+7qD3+hOn78/A8wj8+F/40DfdCmWgxIcSCioYrXwOYLbcxyxZkxPpUOpYTZavA1hrxUW+CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T04:09:42.900224Z"},"content_sha256":"66768621ae5013b6d4886c2a30a9dd9246c305088424c002db572e2fce9c399b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:66768621ae5013b6d4886c2a30a9dd9246c305088424c002db572e2fce9c399b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:FOACAHLQ5WTHXTEECVIKBAHCOD","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Luge Track Safety","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.soc-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","authors_text":"Mont Hubbard","submitted_at":"2012-12-20T01:28:29Z","abstract_excerpt":"Simple geometric models of ice surface shape and equations of motion of objects on these surfaces can be used to explain ejection of sliders from ice tracks. Simulations using these can be used to explain why certain design features can be viewed as proximate causes of ejection from the track and hence design flaws. This paper studies the interaction of a particle model for the luge sled (or its right runner) with the ice fillet commonly connecting inside vertical walls and the flat track bottom. A numerical example analyzes the 2010 luge accident at the Vancouver Olympics. It shows that this "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1212.4901","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:38:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Ehz7SYTz4reo7aZJmB/hPZN17zOcqpeGte12iGrt+QHCK2/WkJSLm4qyKFpdpatkl/bHwi6LkcSv9O8zemg7Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T04:09:42.900864Z"},"content_sha256":"e376493d5ee8df77ed579bee1d4a3b14ae2d241749a0719658d28ff82d0c5bf2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e376493d5ee8df77ed579bee1d4a3b14ae2d241749a0719658d28ff82d0c5bf2"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FOACAHLQ5WTHXTEECVIKBAHCOD/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FOACAHLQ5WTHXTEECVIKBAHCOD/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FOACAHLQ5WTHXTEECVIKBAHCOD/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-09T04:09:42Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/FOACAHLQ5WTHXTEECVIKBAHCOD","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/FOACAHLQ5WTHXTEECVIKBAHCOD/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/FOACAHLQ5WTHXTEECVIKBAHCOD/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FOACAHLQ5WTHXTEECVIKBAHCOD/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:FOACAHLQ5WTHXTEECVIKBAHCOD","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"29450a44a78077177a26cc775a1270c6175c56a807150ced74ba7369cdded65a","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","submitted_at":"2012-12-20T01:28:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"94df2ce329a237c664c607299c769ca1d648a820a6675073c66ff62e0436e7a4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1212.4901","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1212.4901","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:38:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1212.4901v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:38:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1212.4901","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:38:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FOACAHLQ5WTH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FOACAHLQ5WTHXTEE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FOACAHLQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e376493d5ee8df77ed579bee1d4a3b14ae2d241749a0719658d28ff82d0c5bf2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:38:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Simple geometric models of ice surface shape and equations of motion of objects on these surfaces can be used to explain ejection of sliders from ice tracks. Simulations using these can be used to explain why certain design features can be viewed as proximate causes of ejection from the track and hence design flaws. This paper studies the interaction of a particle model for the luge sled (or its right runner) with the ice fillet commonly connecting inside vertical walls and the flat track bottom. A numerical example analyzes the 2010 luge accident at the Vancouver Olympics. It shows that this ","authors_text":"Mont Hubbard","cross_cats":["physics.soc-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","submitted_at":"2012-12-20T01:28:29Z","title":"Luge Track Safety"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1212.4901","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:66768621ae5013b6d4886c2a30a9dd9246c305088424c002db572e2fce9c399b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:38:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"29450a44a78077177a26cc775a1270c6175c56a807150ced74ba7369cdded65a","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","submitted_at":"2012-12-20T01:28:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"94df2ce329a237c664c607299c769ca1d648a820a6675073c66ff62e0436e7a4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1212.4901","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"2b80201d70eda67bcc841550a080e270d4a463d93504ec4a32149c12172efd9d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"2b80201d70eda67bcc841550a080e270d4a463d93504ec4a32149c12172efd9d","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:38:04.421581Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:38:04.421581Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Bx7ycwG0ePVsHcHer6oTOYSURzZiEd7NXZ8TJt/5SuYuBMqmtEZu3H1CQU4VHrL3rxwzQ/T7VnceYYFLeQvMAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:38:04.422193Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1212.4901","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:66768621ae5013b6d4886c2a30a9dd9246c305088424c002db572e2fce9c399b","sha256:e376493d5ee8df77ed579bee1d4a3b14ae2d241749a0719658d28ff82d0c5bf2"],"state_sha256":"e13a574c468487f2b0e3a6f60205f7e03172468c69633c6a5dffc2359d58be46"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QJKbWgfD5zuf7nq8bc5OOsWBpVgMvcu/iyZZxoa5XMpJZPBy9z3kzv1GEPZN482UXvXJvT+nA464+eF7tisxDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T04:09:42.904661Z","bundle_sha256":"fc7a2993b5afeb4ace3cea68fcd8ebc1a0961efb7f79bdfca61a64ac1514ddb9"}}