{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:FPQKOMITJTG2JIRHVNXF75HP3L","short_pith_number":"pith:FPQKOMIT","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2103.09848","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"nucl-th","submitted_at":"2021-03-17T18:20:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph","nucl-ex"],"title_canon_sha256":"d14cb045d04f2dbbc94fa2667241c491c37fc65f143c9c0851e9e4eaef3e669d","abstract_canon_sha256":"9b830e24e36ead7739370d68b8f6040ead7061b18fd57184aec0a86dc90f3f8b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2be0a731134ccda4a227ab6e5ff4efdac4c301790e295cb2da3b91ce424eb465","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2103.09848","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2103.09848","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2103.09848v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2103.09848","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FPQKOMITJTG2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FPQKOMITJTG2JIRH","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FPQKOMIT","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:FPQKOMITJTG2JIRHVNXF75HP3L","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2103.09848","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"nucl-th","submitted_at":"2021-03-17T18:20:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph","nucl-ex"],"title_canon_sha256":"d14cb045d04f2dbbc94fa2667241c491c37fc65f143c9c0851e9e4eaef3e669d","abstract_canon_sha256":"9b830e24e36ead7739370d68b8f6040ead7061b18fd57184aec0a86dc90f3f8b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2be0a731134ccda4a227ab6e5ff4efdac4c301790e295cb2da3b91ce424eb465","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33.630747Z","signature_b64":"8eFLfTovr4Mw5HiP4M9lc6gvRW5XPrRUWpz8JPVwPMpdSC2eS4Sg8BP2wKM4flX79jX4egvqu0fYtjNyqq7zAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"2be0a731134ccda4a227ab6e5ff4efdac4c301790e295cb2da3b91ce424eb465","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33.630339Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33.630339Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2103.09848","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rPvK5kR8bSXTuDdRo56wNORmAjKVFZsxlOySfIFgIhE17CKK/DjODRflqtS1XQAXUYJmDVKyp+DBSJwebt6FDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-17T16:55:43.862776Z"},"content_sha256":"b82bdb6fda9aba81c4ba462b2b0ad6268b2dcab6bbc6b3d57b98021b994a3c2f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b82bdb6fda9aba81c4ba462b2b0ad6268b2dcab6bbc6b3d57b98021b994a3c2f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:FPQKOMITJTG2JIRHVNXF75HP3L","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Exploring theoretical uncertainties in the hydrodynamic description of relativistic heavy-ion collisions","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-ph","nucl-ex"],"primary_cat":"nucl-th","authors_text":"Cheng Chiu, Chun Shen","submitted_at":"2021-03-17T18:20:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"We explore theoretical uncertainties in the hydrodynamic description of relativistic heavy-ion collisions by examining the full non-linear causality conditions and quantifying the second-order transport coefficients' role on flow observables. The causality conditions impose physical constraints on the maximum allowed values of inverse Reynolds numbers during the hydrodynamic evolution. Including additional second-order gradient terms in the Denicol-Niemi-Moln\\'{a}r-Rischke (DNMR) theory significantly shrinks the casual regions compared to those in the Israel-Stewart hydrodynamics. For Au+Au co"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2103.09848","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2103.09848/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JKsDSA0nj02E1A8zq63R0QM9b1b9ykp3kn0hWN4R5wOwb5vd0C8goOKsqiwfAgKVDAjyoSMGgBNutP7SFnlVDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-17T16:55:43.863147Z"},"content_sha256":"bd1693060a89248a4b24bb851b140d81672f336acc8ea94296a58250829e3a17","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bd1693060a89248a4b24bb851b140d81672f336acc8ea94296a58250829e3a17"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FPQKOMITJTG2JIRHVNXF75HP3L/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FPQKOMITJTG2JIRHVNXF75HP3L/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FPQKOMITJTG2JIRHVNXF75HP3L/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-17T16:55:43Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/FPQKOMITJTG2JIRHVNXF75HP3L","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/FPQKOMITJTG2JIRHVNXF75HP3L/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/FPQKOMITJTG2JIRHVNXF75HP3L/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FPQKOMITJTG2JIRHVNXF75HP3L/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:FPQKOMITJTG2JIRHVNXF75HP3L","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9b830e24e36ead7739370d68b8f6040ead7061b18fd57184aec0a86dc90f3f8b","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph","nucl-ex"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"nucl-th","submitted_at":"2021-03-17T18:20:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"d14cb045d04f2dbbc94fa2667241c491c37fc65f143c9c0851e9e4eaef3e669d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2103.09848","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2103.09848","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2103.09848v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2103.09848","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FPQKOMITJTG2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FPQKOMITJTG2JIRH","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FPQKOMIT","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:bd1693060a89248a4b24bb851b140d81672f336acc8ea94296a58250829e3a17","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2103.09848/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We explore theoretical uncertainties in the hydrodynamic description of relativistic heavy-ion collisions by examining the full non-linear causality conditions and quantifying the second-order transport coefficients' role on flow observables. The causality conditions impose physical constraints on the maximum allowed values of inverse Reynolds numbers during the hydrodynamic evolution. Including additional second-order gradient terms in the Denicol-Niemi-Moln\\'{a}r-Rischke (DNMR) theory significantly shrinks the casual regions compared to those in the Israel-Stewart hydrodynamics. For Au+Au co","authors_text":"Cheng Chiu, Chun Shen","cross_cats":["hep-ph","nucl-ex"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"nucl-th","submitted_at":"2021-03-17T18:20:00Z","title":"Exploring theoretical uncertainties in the hydrodynamic description of relativistic heavy-ion collisions"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2103.09848","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b82bdb6fda9aba81c4ba462b2b0ad6268b2dcab6bbc6b3d57b98021b994a3c2f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9b830e24e36ead7739370d68b8f6040ead7061b18fd57184aec0a86dc90f3f8b","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph","nucl-ex"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"nucl-th","submitted_at":"2021-03-17T18:20:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"d14cb045d04f2dbbc94fa2667241c491c37fc65f143c9c0851e9e4eaef3e669d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2103.09848","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"2be0a731134ccda4a227ab6e5ff4efdac4c301790e295cb2da3b91ce424eb465","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"2be0a731134ccda4a227ab6e5ff4efdac4c301790e295cb2da3b91ce424eb465","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33.630339Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33.630339Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"8eFLfTovr4Mw5HiP4M9lc6gvRW5XPrRUWpz8JPVwPMpdSC2eS4Sg8BP2wKM4flX79jX4egvqu0fYtjNyqq7zAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:33.630747Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2103.09848","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b82bdb6fda9aba81c4ba462b2b0ad6268b2dcab6bbc6b3d57b98021b994a3c2f","sha256:bd1693060a89248a4b24bb851b140d81672f336acc8ea94296a58250829e3a17"],"state_sha256":"3dd98564c003985d1c3cbb19300372ce33dbf8bc57a02f27f22c6436cd9a2227"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/fsHqQx1gY8S2/EjP22SYY8zMUC09d5lOzTmjAUFATC7I7DnbNgld0uL1fctcqpA2jYQp05XZTHoY8jKA/fSBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-17T16:55:43.865598Z","bundle_sha256":"ee5f4ce639d92d465a68a08d6d0021dfecd2d404c00f446ff954506ffe407133"}}