{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:FQVT3F5XMGEWPIQQTPLKO3A4PG","short_pith_number":"pith:FQVT3F5X","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1202.3788","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-02-16T21:00:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"15ccfc805dcbec4f63405b8c96221ef56a7a6dca2024e3fbca49ae2a3ab6c08e","abstract_canon_sha256":"2641258dea641c5707bb39ed3a6079f75775a6de611eb54a4c147b3a181cf715"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2c2b3d97b7618967a2109bd6a76c1c79a97ecc5e34a8c884312dab7f28203cd5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1202.3788","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1202.3788","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1202.3788v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1202.3788","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FQVT3F5XMGEW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FQVT3F5XMGEWPIQQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FQVT3F5X","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:FQVT3F5XMGEWPIQQTPLKO3A4PG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1202.3788","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-02-16T21:00:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"15ccfc805dcbec4f63405b8c96221ef56a7a6dca2024e3fbca49ae2a3ab6c08e","abstract_canon_sha256":"2641258dea641c5707bb39ed3a6079f75775a6de611eb54a4c147b3a181cf715"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2c2b3d97b7618967a2109bd6a76c1c79a97ecc5e34a8c884312dab7f28203cd5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:48.941159Z","signature_b64":"z/4js54JUax0AknoqTR3/gZdfCgp/gGZ+T2ocUsXJY3XsxcVZGlTsXK3Zeb4f0DuH39aHJjfx0JEwwsdMM5KBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"2c2b3d97b7618967a2109bd6a76c1c79a97ecc5e34a8c884312dab7f28203cd5","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:48.940591Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:48.940591Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1202.3788","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LDO61hmWvFQ6r5SmwAza6mRdcl+TFxakT/TScjaE1sKzrfIWRUV8TfnfhoYCjbBt1KzhLpyVt1XTHZ36jVl4Dw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-18T18:14:34.213138Z"},"content_sha256":"cb1a4d78a85d2d88730941c571a1592de54bd26b37ce5139d669e19ef9e689e0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cb1a4d78a85d2d88730941c571a1592de54bd26b37ce5139d669e19ef9e689e0"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:FQVT3F5XMGEWPIQQTPLKO3A4PG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Carbon Detection in Early-Time Optical Spectra of Type Ia Supernovae","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Alexei V. Filippenko, Jeffrey M. Silverman","submitted_at":"2012-02-16T21:00:07Z","abstract_excerpt":"While O is often seen in spectra of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) as both unburned fuel and a product of C burning, C is only occasionally seen at the earliest times, and it represents the most direct way of investigating primordial white dwarf material and its relation to SN Ia explosion scenarios and mechanisms. In this paper, we search for C absorption features in 188 optical spectra of 144 low-redshift (z < 0.1) SNe Ia with ages <3.6 d after maximum brightness. These data were obtained as part of the Berkeley SN Ia Program (BSNIP; Silverman et al. 2012) and represent the largest set of SNe I"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1202.3788","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4q2DyoCk1y+5dbFBHs5lYyU7+eIm+eCBvNGx4r0YETJ28lbmsc/uIdAJ8lSDW4zX+LmdJMCLgOqOjUpuVvXpBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-18T18:14:34.213814Z"},"content_sha256":"78576eb98d4cbcdc5658a4ab6c408fde7151d38527628f7b1294c08778809c07","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:78576eb98d4cbcdc5658a4ab6c408fde7151d38527628f7b1294c08778809c07"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FQVT3F5XMGEWPIQQTPLKO3A4PG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FQVT3F5XMGEWPIQQTPLKO3A4PG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FQVT3F5XMGEWPIQQTPLKO3A4PG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-18T18:14:34Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/FQVT3F5XMGEWPIQQTPLKO3A4PG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/FQVT3F5XMGEWPIQQTPLKO3A4PG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/FQVT3F5XMGEWPIQQTPLKO3A4PG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FQVT3F5XMGEWPIQQTPLKO3A4PG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:FQVT3F5XMGEWPIQQTPLKO3A4PG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2641258dea641c5707bb39ed3a6079f75775a6de611eb54a4c147b3a181cf715","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-02-16T21:00:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"15ccfc805dcbec4f63405b8c96221ef56a7a6dca2024e3fbca49ae2a3ab6c08e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1202.3788","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1202.3788","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1202.3788v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1202.3788","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FQVT3F5XMGEW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FQVT3F5XMGEWPIQQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FQVT3F5X","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:78576eb98d4cbcdc5658a4ab6c408fde7151d38527628f7b1294c08778809c07","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"While O is often seen in spectra of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) as both unburned fuel and a product of C burning, C is only occasionally seen at the earliest times, and it represents the most direct way of investigating primordial white dwarf material and its relation to SN Ia explosion scenarios and mechanisms. In this paper, we search for C absorption features in 188 optical spectra of 144 low-redshift (z < 0.1) SNe Ia with ages <3.6 d after maximum brightness. These data were obtained as part of the Berkeley SN Ia Program (BSNIP; Silverman et al. 2012) and represent the largest set of SNe I","authors_text":"Alexei V. Filippenko, Jeffrey M. Silverman","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-02-16T21:00:07Z","title":"Carbon Detection in Early-Time Optical Spectra of Type Ia Supernovae"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1202.3788","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:cb1a4d78a85d2d88730941c571a1592de54bd26b37ce5139d669e19ef9e689e0","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2641258dea641c5707bb39ed3a6079f75775a6de611eb54a4c147b3a181cf715","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-02-16T21:00:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"15ccfc805dcbec4f63405b8c96221ef56a7a6dca2024e3fbca49ae2a3ab6c08e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1202.3788","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"2c2b3d97b7618967a2109bd6a76c1c79a97ecc5e34a8c884312dab7f28203cd5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"2c2b3d97b7618967a2109bd6a76c1c79a97ecc5e34a8c884312dab7f28203cd5","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:48.940591Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:48.940591Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"z/4js54JUax0AknoqTR3/gZdfCgp/gGZ+T2ocUsXJY3XsxcVZGlTsXK3Zeb4f0DuH39aHJjfx0JEwwsdMM5KBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:48.941159Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1202.3788","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:cb1a4d78a85d2d88730941c571a1592de54bd26b37ce5139d669e19ef9e689e0","sha256:78576eb98d4cbcdc5658a4ab6c408fde7151d38527628f7b1294c08778809c07"],"state_sha256":"f76aec2f6075102e043557d66a73e0790be59b138d39dbddcc56053dd426e5e4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Wkne4EF1xd+2PfliFXqgz+iCAgm5zBS8uI9x6Wws+1OAl5UDo2huVY88C0hItfI/fyBl/wS1mH4T+VQmmF7/DQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-18T18:14:34.215905Z","bundle_sha256":"1f0a48359de82c335d23879817547397c891862e14b7f7b59d0e45c425797d95"}}