{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:FRRJRHVZBXDMCDYTCVZA3IBE7Z","short_pith_number":"pith:FRRJRHVZ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1704.06840","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DS","submitted_at":"2017-04-22T19:31:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY","cs.IR"],"title_canon_sha256":"f3068050ae2110882b9c491d30c38a0d4212206b2dffc4f15249394056a2097e","abstract_canon_sha256":"3372d7a21c37d625db7c9005e6f97d5952edfdcf7b06f9c9bddd67b847a2d14b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2c62989eb90dc6c10f1315720da024fe41a1626cd2999146dad11d7d812f2249","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1704.06840","version":4},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1704.06840","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1704.06840v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1704.06840","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FRRJRHVZBXDM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FRRJRHVZBXDMCDYT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FRRJRHVZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:15Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:FRRJRHVZBXDMCDYTCVZA3IBE7Z","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1704.06840","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DS","submitted_at":"2017-04-22T19:31:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY","cs.IR"],"title_canon_sha256":"f3068050ae2110882b9c491d30c38a0d4212206b2dffc4f15249394056a2097e","abstract_canon_sha256":"3372d7a21c37d625db7c9005e6f97d5952edfdcf7b06f9c9bddd67b847a2d14b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2c62989eb90dc6c10f1315720da024fe41a1626cd2999146dad11d7d812f2249","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:36.655459Z","signature_b64":"LuNYI8OxRDiVToX2QGa3TAr/z6BdGLlgVJ2RBFKtyTrcAPKRRbVWSJ/Q4iejFlewWJhuoPox82RBTiTQVMuwDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"2c62989eb90dc6c10f1315720da024fe41a1626cd2999146dad11d7d812f2249","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:36.654873Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:36.654873Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1704.06840","source_version":4,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vUB9NRcK00qpBML5F0+XLrIi2WhMNUNKVZsZdx/57I1nAZFsXO/KTliDuLUvs/dwIG6H2BO6jTU/OKVpj59fCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T20:00:48.927463Z"},"content_sha256":"0909f725e078eaba604313046406612081095d75758ee8ce6b58ad1f767eafac","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0909f725e078eaba604313046406612081095d75758ee8ce6b58ad1f767eafac"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:FRRJRHVZBXDMCDYTCVZA3IBE7Z","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Ranking with Fairness Constraints","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CY","cs.IR"],"primary_cat":"cs.DS","authors_text":"Damian Straszak, L. Elisa Celis, Nisheeth K. Vishnoi","submitted_at":"2017-04-22T19:31:29Z","abstract_excerpt":"Ranking algorithms are deployed widely to order a set of items in applications such as search engines, news feeds, and recommendation systems. Recent studies, however, have shown that, left unchecked, the output of ranking algorithms can result in decreased diversity in the type of content presented, promote stereotypes, and polarize opinions. In order to address such issues, we study the following variant of the traditional ranking problem when, in addition, there are fairness or diversity constraints. Given a collection of items along with 1) the value of placing an item in a particular posi"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1704.06840","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"GAhpx6lFLdbetUdxaN3zhS5YNWKEgyAxV9mRNA6OWLe0gRck+0nUSEXwO25ptvl8ah3Pi2/1jwPCZyG4p3o2Cw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T20:00:48.927822Z"},"content_sha256":"956cc08fd652ac690e47238428df74fdaf327fa9803412d5c4f6a49494612005","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:956cc08fd652ac690e47238428df74fdaf327fa9803412d5c4f6a49494612005"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FRRJRHVZBXDMCDYTCVZA3IBE7Z/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FRRJRHVZBXDMCDYTCVZA3IBE7Z/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FRRJRHVZBXDMCDYTCVZA3IBE7Z/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T20:00:48Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/FRRJRHVZBXDMCDYTCVZA3IBE7Z","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/FRRJRHVZBXDMCDYTCVZA3IBE7Z/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/FRRJRHVZBXDMCDYTCVZA3IBE7Z/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FRRJRHVZBXDMCDYTCVZA3IBE7Z/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:FRRJRHVZBXDMCDYTCVZA3IBE7Z","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3372d7a21c37d625db7c9005e6f97d5952edfdcf7b06f9c9bddd67b847a2d14b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY","cs.IR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DS","submitted_at":"2017-04-22T19:31:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"f3068050ae2110882b9c491d30c38a0d4212206b2dffc4f15249394056a2097e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1704.06840","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1704.06840","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1704.06840v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1704.06840","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FRRJRHVZBXDM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FRRJRHVZBXDMCDYT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FRRJRHVZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:15Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:956cc08fd652ac690e47238428df74fdaf327fa9803412d5c4f6a49494612005","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Ranking algorithms are deployed widely to order a set of items in applications such as search engines, news feeds, and recommendation systems. Recent studies, however, have shown that, left unchecked, the output of ranking algorithms can result in decreased diversity in the type of content presented, promote stereotypes, and polarize opinions. In order to address such issues, we study the following variant of the traditional ranking problem when, in addition, there are fairness or diversity constraints. Given a collection of items along with 1) the value of placing an item in a particular posi","authors_text":"Damian Straszak, L. Elisa Celis, Nisheeth K. Vishnoi","cross_cats":["cs.CY","cs.IR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DS","submitted_at":"2017-04-22T19:31:29Z","title":"Ranking with Fairness Constraints"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1704.06840","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0909f725e078eaba604313046406612081095d75758ee8ce6b58ad1f767eafac","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3372d7a21c37d625db7c9005e6f97d5952edfdcf7b06f9c9bddd67b847a2d14b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY","cs.IR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DS","submitted_at":"2017-04-22T19:31:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"f3068050ae2110882b9c491d30c38a0d4212206b2dffc4f15249394056a2097e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1704.06840","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"2c62989eb90dc6c10f1315720da024fe41a1626cd2999146dad11d7d812f2249","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"2c62989eb90dc6c10f1315720da024fe41a1626cd2999146dad11d7d812f2249","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:36.654873Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:36.654873Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"LuNYI8OxRDiVToX2QGa3TAr/z6BdGLlgVJ2RBFKtyTrcAPKRRbVWSJ/Q4iejFlewWJhuoPox82RBTiTQVMuwDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:36.655459Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1704.06840","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0909f725e078eaba604313046406612081095d75758ee8ce6b58ad1f767eafac","sha256:956cc08fd652ac690e47238428df74fdaf327fa9803412d5c4f6a49494612005"],"state_sha256":"8400b980e083711bbdbf87e90dc3eb67531eb36ca4b9cfbc72951b8e6cdf1cd6"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"djvMCUvb6y0sJFfBfeiIQtJN1+dmjOtsir34UsmsLvNJjYy29EYgCq/JwSUc6sMDZybUSK7Uwt4GDAh3KJanCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T20:00:48.931053Z","bundle_sha256":"8fd96ef2b4c43b333cb8d78d109ec5042cc5d75d55653270ab356dc73f6d5d74"}}