{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:FTUDY5EAZ6HK4CR5536JRC4XRU","short_pith_number":"pith:FTUDY5EA","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1903.03715","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2019-03-09T01:08:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3d5b304a6c4f82c2dc88ed28fe7733b39d6da524f860bb6c7184301eb96950a9","abstract_canon_sha256":"c53afa710bded92da6aefc5ab660dfbac9e3e2e66c15835905a560615eaedd1f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2ce83c7480cf8eae0a3deefc988b978d2cfeaa48a17fdd45af1a31d8d07ae074","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1903.03715","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1903.03715","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1903.03715v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1903.03715","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FTUDY5EAZ6HK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FTUDY5EAZ6HK4CR5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FTUDY5EA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:15Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:FTUDY5EAZ6HK4CR5536JRC4XRU","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1903.03715","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2019-03-09T01:08:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3d5b304a6c4f82c2dc88ed28fe7733b39d6da524f860bb6c7184301eb96950a9","abstract_canon_sha256":"c53afa710bded92da6aefc5ab660dfbac9e3e2e66c15835905a560615eaedd1f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2ce83c7480cf8eae0a3deefc988b978d2cfeaa48a17fdd45af1a31d8d07ae074","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41.153761Z","signature_b64":"rMuRDkudj43Wsvulo2CJUjaDmMFCOeR8uiU7JhkoRof4qgW0f5OJPZFHUgsiJ7/yQKpjUGBaC/uye17tVVeUAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"2ce83c7480cf8eae0a3deefc988b978d2cfeaa48a17fdd45af1a31d8d07ae074","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41.153098Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41.153098Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1903.03715","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/QjHg3DTzW6zXKuyX7pJPvzQTfsPyitCQ4eDtn9vL/x72HmwwNqBr72Qd4hLFKThpRw5a1Mz6lSnxl4gsqd/Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-01T01:44:25.150417Z"},"content_sha256":"953bb946e59eadde6944fd8dc824cc8ca522cbd7f289f89312e84089f808cfc5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:953bb946e59eadde6944fd8dc824cc8ca522cbd7f289f89312e84089f808cfc5"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:FTUDY5EAZ6HK4CR5536JRC4XRU","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Computational Analysis of Dispersive and Nonlinear 2D Materials by Using a Novel GS-FDTD Method","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.optics","authors_text":"Dominic F. G. Gallagher, Edward Threlfall, Jian Wei You, Nicolae C. Panoiu","submitted_at":"2019-03-09T01:08:29Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we propose a novel numerical method for modeling nanostructures containing dispersive and nonlinear two-dimensional (2D) materials, by incorporating a nonlinear generalized source (GS) into the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Starting from the expressions of nonlinear currents characterizing nonlinear processes in 2D materials, such as second- and third-harmonic generation, we prove that the nonlinear response of such nanostructures can be rigorously determined using two linear simulations. In the first simulation, one computes the linear response of the system upon"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1903.03715","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fufBO/bRAHUg7vMimkvx9H7c7k1pzHLgUV2MzAe6oOGTh5FcaxHCieBYM1/1P4bu48Tt+ZuG275okeUGsGHKDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-01T01:44:25.150755Z"},"content_sha256":"4fadbede38988e63c0a1bdbc4a2bd0992746c6a0ea95fca6ad0eced20165769b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4fadbede38988e63c0a1bdbc4a2bd0992746c6a0ea95fca6ad0eced20165769b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FTUDY5EAZ6HK4CR5536JRC4XRU/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FTUDY5EAZ6HK4CR5536JRC4XRU/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FTUDY5EAZ6HK4CR5536JRC4XRU/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-01T01:44:25Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/FTUDY5EAZ6HK4CR5536JRC4XRU","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/FTUDY5EAZ6HK4CR5536JRC4XRU/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/FTUDY5EAZ6HK4CR5536JRC4XRU/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FTUDY5EAZ6HK4CR5536JRC4XRU/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:FTUDY5EAZ6HK4CR5536JRC4XRU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c53afa710bded92da6aefc5ab660dfbac9e3e2e66c15835905a560615eaedd1f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2019-03-09T01:08:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"3d5b304a6c4f82c2dc88ed28fe7733b39d6da524f860bb6c7184301eb96950a9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1903.03715","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1903.03715","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1903.03715v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1903.03715","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FTUDY5EAZ6HK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FTUDY5EAZ6HK4CR5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FTUDY5EA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:15Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4fadbede38988e63c0a1bdbc4a2bd0992746c6a0ea95fca6ad0eced20165769b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we propose a novel numerical method for modeling nanostructures containing dispersive and nonlinear two-dimensional (2D) materials, by incorporating a nonlinear generalized source (GS) into the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Starting from the expressions of nonlinear currents characterizing nonlinear processes in 2D materials, such as second- and third-harmonic generation, we prove that the nonlinear response of such nanostructures can be rigorously determined using two linear simulations. In the first simulation, one computes the linear response of the system upon","authors_text":"Dominic F. G. Gallagher, Edward Threlfall, Jian Wei You, Nicolae C. Panoiu","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2019-03-09T01:08:29Z","title":"Computational Analysis of Dispersive and Nonlinear 2D Materials by Using a Novel GS-FDTD Method"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1903.03715","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:953bb946e59eadde6944fd8dc824cc8ca522cbd7f289f89312e84089f808cfc5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c53afa710bded92da6aefc5ab660dfbac9e3e2e66c15835905a560615eaedd1f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2019-03-09T01:08:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"3d5b304a6c4f82c2dc88ed28fe7733b39d6da524f860bb6c7184301eb96950a9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1903.03715","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"2ce83c7480cf8eae0a3deefc988b978d2cfeaa48a17fdd45af1a31d8d07ae074","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"2ce83c7480cf8eae0a3deefc988b978d2cfeaa48a17fdd45af1a31d8d07ae074","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41.153098Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41.153098Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"rMuRDkudj43Wsvulo2CJUjaDmMFCOeR8uiU7JhkoRof4qgW0f5OJPZFHUgsiJ7/yQKpjUGBaC/uye17tVVeUAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41.153761Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1903.03715","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:953bb946e59eadde6944fd8dc824cc8ca522cbd7f289f89312e84089f808cfc5","sha256:4fadbede38988e63c0a1bdbc4a2bd0992746c6a0ea95fca6ad0eced20165769b"],"state_sha256":"0dddd2d71d4b1eb6c218efae50d4772a663584229ed5a1af9139e00691dacfbf"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mKaSapcz3/e9S5OTL8h6+LfldgKgIwQBgFMu1R9boB5hMj1WfO2DF1WpaIcr4oo08oM5rJIs+UHgHVFHxQ4xCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-01T01:44:25.152608Z","bundle_sha256":"dd2d2ab0d15c8d9c1ee00be0ee68c510a9f4b74e312b6302410be673a628e2b8"}}