{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:FWXZ2UHYGCC6DPUY3SFHYIVFVI","short_pith_number":"pith:FWXZ2UHY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.22977","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-28T18:29:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"35c66872640d4714f212c533274dd5cc63d381fbe515209735b55fa902dbc5e3","abstract_canon_sha256":"ac3934f81fb711c82f96c83cd09018abed67dd3a7ea21776f032d4493bf14845"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2daf9d50f83085e1be98dc8a7c22a5aa25b8ea21cb157d0e47538c1775bd6565","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2506.22977","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.22977","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.22977v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.22977","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FWXZ2UHYGCC6","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FWXZ2UHYGCC6DPUY","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FWXZ2UHY","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:FWXZ2UHYGCC6DPUY3SFHYIVFVI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.22977","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-28T18:29:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"35c66872640d4714f212c533274dd5cc63d381fbe515209735b55fa902dbc5e3","abstract_canon_sha256":"ac3934f81fb711c82f96c83cd09018abed67dd3a7ea21776f032d4493bf14845"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2daf9d50f83085e1be98dc8a7c22a5aa25b8ea21cb157d0e47538c1775bd6565","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48.626300Z","signature_b64":"j8+P6fUUogWuVWULcWcCPl3k3LaQSkF2iEx8V7xsmQfjiEQepuWVUdLpGZ8h6TwUpBGKIK+9X0hDvMqDY3bzBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"2daf9d50f83085e1be98dc8a7c22a5aa25b8ea21cb157d0e47538c1775bd6565","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48.625711Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48.625711Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2506.22977","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"d1FrnK96Rgo3cT0C0M4hw/an26pN8LIgphKff/kOlsaIlHKmINTZ8qlPVX/RzoCVVdh4KQ8o8oD5OFoPbnBhCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T03:41:41.112491Z"},"content_sha256":"38f3034a50cccbf0a1c3ace3482bf7d0e06af9af20a13d1e290339b6491bc88f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:38f3034a50cccbf0a1c3ace3482bf7d0e06af9af20a13d1e290339b6491bc88f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:FWXZ2UHYGCC6DPUY3SFHYIVFVI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"On the Generalizability of \"Competition of Mechanisms: Tracing How Language Models Handle Facts and Counterfactuals\"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Asen Dotsinski, Maria Heuss, Marko Ivanov, Mohammad Hafeez Khan, Udit Thakur","submitted_at":"2025-06-28T18:29:19Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a reproduction study of \"Competition of Mechanisms: Tracing How Language Models Handle Facts and Counterfactuals\" (Ortu et al., 2024), which investigates competition of mechanisms in language models between factual recall and counterfactual in-context repetition. Our study successfully reproduces their primary findings regarding the localization of factual and counterfactual information, the dominance of attention blocks in mechanism competition, and the specialization of attention heads in handling competing information. We reproduce their results on both GPT-2 (Radford et al., 201"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.22977","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2506.22977/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JcFAKsjOmy23/zUYPlJQN0pbLv0/Zv8lUmr8htV+wBNugr7dStkxLD8MiIs3P2iynzaIlloybVUGf6C1ELvZCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T03:41:41.113091Z"},"content_sha256":"ea59f950ba1442bcb6561066378b74b9aa423647512dbb8185c7b1ee4e29db23","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ea59f950ba1442bcb6561066378b74b9aa423647512dbb8185c7b1ee4e29db23"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FWXZ2UHYGCC6DPUY3SFHYIVFVI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FWXZ2UHYGCC6DPUY3SFHYIVFVI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FWXZ2UHYGCC6DPUY3SFHYIVFVI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T03:41:41Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/FWXZ2UHYGCC6DPUY3SFHYIVFVI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/FWXZ2UHYGCC6DPUY3SFHYIVFVI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/FWXZ2UHYGCC6DPUY3SFHYIVFVI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FWXZ2UHYGCC6DPUY3SFHYIVFVI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:FWXZ2UHYGCC6DPUY3SFHYIVFVI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ac3934f81fb711c82f96c83cd09018abed67dd3a7ea21776f032d4493bf14845","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-28T18:29:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"35c66872640d4714f212c533274dd5cc63d381fbe515209735b55fa902dbc5e3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.22977","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.22977","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.22977v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.22977","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FWXZ2UHYGCC6","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FWXZ2UHYGCC6DPUY","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FWXZ2UHY","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ea59f950ba1442bcb6561066378b74b9aa423647512dbb8185c7b1ee4e29db23","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2506.22977/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present a reproduction study of \"Competition of Mechanisms: Tracing How Language Models Handle Facts and Counterfactuals\" (Ortu et al., 2024), which investigates competition of mechanisms in language models between factual recall and counterfactual in-context repetition. Our study successfully reproduces their primary findings regarding the localization of factual and counterfactual information, the dominance of attention blocks in mechanism competition, and the specialization of attention heads in handling competing information. We reproduce their results on both GPT-2 (Radford et al., 201","authors_text":"Asen Dotsinski, Maria Heuss, Marko Ivanov, Mohammad Hafeez Khan, Udit Thakur","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-28T18:29:19Z","title":"On the Generalizability of \"Competition of Mechanisms: Tracing How Language Models Handle Facts and Counterfactuals\""},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.22977","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:38f3034a50cccbf0a1c3ace3482bf7d0e06af9af20a13d1e290339b6491bc88f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ac3934f81fb711c82f96c83cd09018abed67dd3a7ea21776f032d4493bf14845","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-28T18:29:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"35c66872640d4714f212c533274dd5cc63d381fbe515209735b55fa902dbc5e3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.22977","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"2daf9d50f83085e1be98dc8a7c22a5aa25b8ea21cb157d0e47538c1775bd6565","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"2daf9d50f83085e1be98dc8a7c22a5aa25b8ea21cb157d0e47538c1775bd6565","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48.625711Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48.625711Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"j8+P6fUUogWuVWULcWcCPl3k3LaQSkF2iEx8V7xsmQfjiEQepuWVUdLpGZ8h6TwUpBGKIK+9X0hDvMqDY3bzBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:48.626300Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2506.22977","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:38f3034a50cccbf0a1c3ace3482bf7d0e06af9af20a13d1e290339b6491bc88f","sha256:ea59f950ba1442bcb6561066378b74b9aa423647512dbb8185c7b1ee4e29db23"],"state_sha256":"c6681afcd2c9f39cf7d9bd9632b8c034df148b172d4ceb4c7069f61b9398afee"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Gw8U9XF6IsXgdo6/YBg6oaHhL6wfq1T6gTIk4vBaBM5f/+k4+Zkoj+OmKiEouZHLXBISjKJf3D9AHCEaiP1tCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T03:41:41.120247Z","bundle_sha256":"34149f26d05e943049e6966880625bbf6ccc5daf27ad6b3acc91b46e68d16e52"}}