{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2013:FXD22LWVUAZCQSPFS6YTZ3O6WH","short_pith_number":"pith:FXD22LWV","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"2dc7ad2ed5a0322849e597b13ceddeb1e425c3ada387bc9078ebcacdab14adda","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1312.2735","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Universal flow-density relation of single-file bicycle, pedestrian and car motion","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["nlin.CG"],"primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","authors_text":"Andreas Schadschneider, Armin Seyfried, Erik Andresen, Jun Zhang, Maik Boltes, Stefan Holl, Wolfgang Mehner","submitted_at":"2013-12-10T09:59:39Z","abstract_excerpt":"The relation between flow and density is an essential quantitative characteristic to describe the efficiency of traffic systems. We have performed experiments with single-file motion of bicycles and compare the results with previous studies for car and pedestrian motion in similar setups. In the space-time diagrams we observe three different states of motion (free flow state, jammed state and stop-and-go waves) in all these systems. Despite of their obvious differences they are described by a universal fundamental diagram after proper rescaling of space and time which takes into account the si"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1312.2735","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2013-12-10T09:59:39Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.CG"],"title_canon_sha256":"18ae43cf3ec4be60031b0fe7009b2f1519539a52e834b1884b4094bf48c470c7","abstract_canon_sha256":"02c8e0c8b05a4378c22a2729f5d81e483c14e53899a33ad422a97de2728095b8"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:41.978560Z","signature_b64":"5cam6v+aQ1QEo6OyXnemjPwwx/fzBj0Nd6HYDQbg0TgmfAoBH6G0dCZa1rnrmcoUmores7krxAwJMtVnnTidBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"2dc7ad2ed5a0322849e597b13ceddeb1e425c3ada387bc9078ebcacdab14adda","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:41.977840Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:41.977840Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Universal flow-density relation of single-file bicycle, pedestrian and car motion","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["nlin.CG"],"primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","authors_text":"Andreas Schadschneider, Armin Seyfried, Erik Andresen, Jun Zhang, Maik Boltes, Stefan Holl, Wolfgang Mehner","submitted_at":"2013-12-10T09:59:39Z","abstract_excerpt":"The relation between flow and density is an essential quantitative characteristic to describe the efficiency of traffic systems. We have performed experiments with single-file motion of bicycles and compare the results with previous studies for car and pedestrian motion in similar setups. In the space-time diagrams we observe three different states of motion (free flow state, jammed state and stop-and-go waves) in all these systems. Despite of their obvious differences they are described by a universal fundamental diagram after proper rescaling of space and time which takes into account the si"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1312.2735","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1312.2735","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:41.977963+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1312.2735v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:41.977963+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1312.2735","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:41.977963+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FXD22LWVUAZC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:45.050594+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FXD22LWVUAZCQSPF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:45.050594+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FXD22LWV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:45.050594+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/FXD22LWVUAZCQSPFS6YTZ3O6WH","json":"https://pith.science/pith/FXD22LWVUAZCQSPFS6YTZ3O6WH.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/FXD22LWVUAZCQSPFS6YTZ3O6WH/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/FXD22LWVUAZCQSPFS6YTZ3O6WH/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/FXD22LWV"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/FXD22LWVUAZCQSPFS6YTZ3O6WH","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/FXD22LWVUAZCQSPFS6YTZ3O6WH.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/FXD22LWV","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1312.2735&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/FXD22LWVUAZCQSPFS6YTZ3O6WH/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/FXD22LWVUAZCQSPFS6YTZ3O6WH/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/FXD22LWVUAZCQSPFS6YTZ3O6WH/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/FXD22LWVUAZCQSPFS6YTZ3O6WH/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/FXD22LWVUAZCQSPFS6YTZ3O6WH/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/FXD22LWVUAZCQSPFS6YTZ3O6WH/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/FXD22LWVUAZCQSPFS6YTZ3O6WH/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:41.977963+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:41.977963+00:00"}