{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:G26LBXXOWRPGEP5PPHHWI4A7CF","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6dc620219f320f3c8c06d09c7139f8124318b45116080abf327f4e74a3946a94","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2015-11-18T21:00:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"ab475654de852a799febd27dbfc4157d66f98bddd1839e060f645cb232e3b3ec"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1511.05972","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1511.05972","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:14:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1511.05972v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:14:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1511.05972","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:14:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"G26LBXXOWRPG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"G26LBXXOWRPGEP5P","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"G26LBXXO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e5086f89a50e067051d675d8438fbccea3241d0bd5a90e0c8edabc3eee50ee33","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:14:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Physical models of Ge energy band structure and material loss were implemented in LASTIP(TM), a 2D simulation tool for edge emitting laser diodes. The model calculation is able to match experimental data available. Important design parameters of a Fabry-Perot Ge laser, such as the cavity length, thickness, width, polycrystalline Si cladding layer thickness were studied and optimized. The laser structure optimizations alone were shown to reduce Ith by 22-fold and increase the differential efficiency by 11 times. The simulations also showed that improving the defect limited carrier lifetime is c","authors_text":"Guangrui Xia, Lukas Chrostowski, Simon Li, Xiyue Li, Zhiqiang Li","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2015-11-18T21:00:28Z","title":"Design Considerations of Biaxially Tensile-Strained Germanium-on-Silicon Lasers"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1511.05972","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:70dffac4800830ca8a3b7ccf253ef02f728bf6f83b1c3868257ad378424a2393","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:14:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6dc620219f320f3c8c06d09c7139f8124318b45116080abf327f4e74a3946a94","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2015-11-18T21:00:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"ab475654de852a799febd27dbfc4157d66f98bddd1839e060f645cb232e3b3ec"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1511.05972","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"36bcb0deeeb45e623faf79cf64701f11422c4841ae2eb0d177732fc7b6869cff","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"36bcb0deeeb45e623faf79cf64701f11422c4841ae2eb0d177732fc7b6869cff","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:14:02.354273Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:14:02.354273Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"H9hZiLl42sjIBvWnYVuGInNC+/+HSNtse3ST626DM3ft0twrxJn95acKbRLtEKL/8NWgcQe+CEEm6ZgLzadLBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:14:02.354972Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1511.05972","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:70dffac4800830ca8a3b7ccf253ef02f728bf6f83b1c3868257ad378424a2393","sha256:e5086f89a50e067051d675d8438fbccea3241d0bd5a90e0c8edabc3eee50ee33"],"state_sha256":"0e457520f0f5f84b7f390496911cc616f1e572737f29f461e33f7ead51bb26bf"}