{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:G47M4UCLN6H5NUXKN5DC5RLWLU","short_pith_number":"pith:G47M4UCL","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1604.08490","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2016-04-28T16:14:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"11c397174554af1be6348dd5f818b914abaa550062b491076ccee84c4b8379fd","abstract_canon_sha256":"959d41f41d1449b4ed90121391a7cca809aebded17e81731929e2b67dbcd4b23"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"373ece504b6f8fd6d2ea6f462ec5765d06516edb8529d215842dab52223e32c7","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1604.08490","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1604.08490","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1604.08490v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1604.08490","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"G47M4UCLN6H5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"G47M4UCLN6H5NUXK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"G47M4UCL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:15Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:G47M4UCLN6H5NUXKN5DC5RLWLU","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1604.08490","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2016-04-28T16:14:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"11c397174554af1be6348dd5f818b914abaa550062b491076ccee84c4b8379fd","abstract_canon_sha256":"959d41f41d1449b4ed90121391a7cca809aebded17e81731929e2b67dbcd4b23"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"373ece504b6f8fd6d2ea6f462ec5765d06516edb8529d215842dab52223e32c7","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:20.603071Z","signature_b64":"btsyjO9StB8DMooVQi3f/h+yLSb/1g8TNnRIRMa5I2OEquFHumQtSZJ3Farauj15YYBaMJrz22YGPeLeg5XTBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"373ece504b6f8fd6d2ea6f462ec5765d06516edb8529d215842dab52223e32c7","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:20.602433Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:20.602433Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1604.08490","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MtV/K0ybP4OMPGk//7KO5U+vM9NaEE2EobtdsYAIzFvV3xuIwryZoBP6E2O+MWbsEXAZFiINKT76fgxhi/oMDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T20:09:12.942526Z"},"content_sha256":"a82f539196b182c17078df3c298a26e81bbb42c303356656df8305ee113d4056","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a82f539196b182c17078df3c298a26e81bbb42c303356656df8305ee113d4056"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:G47M4UCLN6H5NUXKN5DC5RLWLU","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"RITM: Revocation in the Middle","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Adrian Perrig, Laurent Chuat, Pawel Szalachowski, Taeho Lee","submitted_at":"2016-04-28T16:14:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"Although TLS is used on a daily basis by many critical applications, the public-key infrastructure that it relies on still lacks an adequate revocation mechanism. An ideal revocation mechanism should be inexpensive, efficient, secure, and privacy-preserving. Moreover, rising trends in pervasive encryption pose new scalability challenges that a modern revocation system should address. In this paper, we investigate how network nodes can deliver certificate-validity information to clients. We present RITM, a framework in which middleboxes (as opposed to clients, servers, or certification authorit"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1604.08490","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0wj0Z0vFDiqgIGMqQUYfGk3ydgjO2A1tZyNEqJljnnUoEMhRT9rfPLe4MiSR019tFQkqb9yV5lHoDK5qiU7VAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T20:09:12.942976Z"},"content_sha256":"6a15e8c5d80f14fcd4a7fd3189eb7f39e52db91f15ee3287f39844bc39a6d3e8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6a15e8c5d80f14fcd4a7fd3189eb7f39e52db91f15ee3287f39844bc39a6d3e8"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/G47M4UCLN6H5NUXKN5DC5RLWLU/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/G47M4UCLN6H5NUXKN5DC5RLWLU/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/G47M4UCLN6H5NUXKN5DC5RLWLU/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T20:09:12Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/G47M4UCLN6H5NUXKN5DC5RLWLU","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/G47M4UCLN6H5NUXKN5DC5RLWLU/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/G47M4UCLN6H5NUXKN5DC5RLWLU/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/G47M4UCLN6H5NUXKN5DC5RLWLU/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:G47M4UCLN6H5NUXKN5DC5RLWLU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"959d41f41d1449b4ed90121391a7cca809aebded17e81731929e2b67dbcd4b23","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2016-04-28T16:14:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"11c397174554af1be6348dd5f818b914abaa550062b491076ccee84c4b8379fd"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1604.08490","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1604.08490","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1604.08490v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1604.08490","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"G47M4UCLN6H5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"G47M4UCLN6H5NUXK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"G47M4UCL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:15Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6a15e8c5d80f14fcd4a7fd3189eb7f39e52db91f15ee3287f39844bc39a6d3e8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Although TLS is used on a daily basis by many critical applications, the public-key infrastructure that it relies on still lacks an adequate revocation mechanism. An ideal revocation mechanism should be inexpensive, efficient, secure, and privacy-preserving. Moreover, rising trends in pervasive encryption pose new scalability challenges that a modern revocation system should address. In this paper, we investigate how network nodes can deliver certificate-validity information to clients. We present RITM, a framework in which middleboxes (as opposed to clients, servers, or certification authorit","authors_text":"Adrian Perrig, Laurent Chuat, Pawel Szalachowski, Taeho Lee","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2016-04-28T16:14:12Z","title":"RITM: Revocation in the Middle"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1604.08490","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a82f539196b182c17078df3c298a26e81bbb42c303356656df8305ee113d4056","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"959d41f41d1449b4ed90121391a7cca809aebded17e81731929e2b67dbcd4b23","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2016-04-28T16:14:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"11c397174554af1be6348dd5f818b914abaa550062b491076ccee84c4b8379fd"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1604.08490","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"373ece504b6f8fd6d2ea6f462ec5765d06516edb8529d215842dab52223e32c7","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"373ece504b6f8fd6d2ea6f462ec5765d06516edb8529d215842dab52223e32c7","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:20.602433Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:20.602433Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"btsyjO9StB8DMooVQi3f/h+yLSb/1g8TNnRIRMa5I2OEquFHumQtSZJ3Farauj15YYBaMJrz22YGPeLeg5XTBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:20.603071Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1604.08490","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a82f539196b182c17078df3c298a26e81bbb42c303356656df8305ee113d4056","sha256:6a15e8c5d80f14fcd4a7fd3189eb7f39e52db91f15ee3287f39844bc39a6d3e8"],"state_sha256":"5747c2304c9f672c16b081fa95d21e28a97e82dc530b68c081559d0bf21ef63b"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"z3eVqNVDCh95w60k8awrQpt2wc4hM/IrmzC66DelMJukFLIcBkDR73bZkpT77bIIrIK0jSeaowlSwzH0luJNCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T20:09:12.945577Z","bundle_sha256":"41e2dc559d795dc07b72ec459855e4e7bbe2ac30a3dad97c15fd1d8834586b41"}}