{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:G5ZALOF7CPC37H37IYRFWM253G","short_pith_number":"pith:G5ZALOF7","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2404.01268","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-04-01T17:45:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.DL","cs.LG","cs.SI"],"title_canon_sha256":"8ce0e68516025def71d0baee925d477fae04ec91bc8902e078567bcba132054b","abstract_canon_sha256":"c152c043b0aa142bc17844020cb49bde7816f1358f3cccfa8c50156aff04dee1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"377205b8bf13c5bf9f7f46225b335dd994b8f337b8350db30f08246a2cee2af0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2404.01268","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2404.01268","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2404.01268v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2404.01268","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"G5ZALOF7CPC3","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"G5ZALOF7CPC37H37","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"G5ZALOF7","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:G5ZALOF7CPC37H37IYRFWM253G","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2404.01268","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-04-01T17:45:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.DL","cs.LG","cs.SI"],"title_canon_sha256":"8ce0e68516025def71d0baee925d477fae04ec91bc8902e078567bcba132054b","abstract_canon_sha256":"c152c043b0aa142bc17844020cb49bde7816f1358f3cccfa8c50156aff04dee1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"377205b8bf13c5bf9f7f46225b335dd994b8f337b8350db30f08246a2cee2af0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03.724566Z","signature_b64":"XmK6MXNt1VelePOxR37L01JZi+T8fM1lENjewg79On/SOCpwj+UpYEKG0onwSqDreo6ihcHZoItGEA9TyGcDAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"377205b8bf13c5bf9f7f46225b335dd994b8f337b8350db30f08246a2cee2af0","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03.724063Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03.724063Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2404.01268","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mcUQ9h5wh66a0mGXMlp4Tzb5c7x9juMmMyg61oVnazQq3FubdlGSCv4VurYT9jK0rwzquf5PAeOToQJKkUWzDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T11:15:17.490649Z"},"content_sha256":"aaa683fd1303cbc900ab50ae51ef01ded18970e829fe15ea804dd070e8ff638a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:aaa683fd1303cbc900ab50ae51ef01ded18970e829fe15ea804dd070e8ff638a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:G5ZALOF7CPC37H37IYRFWM253G","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Mapping the Increasing Use of LLMs in Scientific Papers","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.DL","cs.LG","cs.SI"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Christopher D Manning, Christopher Potts, Diyi Yang, Haley Lepp, Hancheng Cao, James Y. Zou, Sheng Liu, Siyu He, Weixin Liang, Wenlong Ji, Xuandong Zhao, Yaohui Zhang, Zhengxuan Wu, Zhi Huang","submitted_at":"2024-04-01T17:45:15Z","abstract_excerpt":"Scientific publishing lays the foundation of science by disseminating research findings, fostering collaboration, encouraging reproducibility, and ensuring that scientific knowledge is accessible, verifiable, and built upon over time. Recently, there has been immense speculation about how many people are using large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT in their academic writing, and to what extent this tool might have an effect on global scientific practices. However, we lack a precise measure of the proportion of academic writing substantially modified or produced by LLMs. To address this gap,"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2404.01268","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2404.01268/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WmObt6Ae8qb/oJpOdAcwECImXGrJxmmqX26kjvL2ABuRUbZmrvI2v7KkVDgVNKc69rJnSXGoKWG1z3VqtWPdBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T11:15:17.491316Z"},"content_sha256":"f3916ef0bfab69f7a57440a4e5b30e89c7432c1bbf2801c1032c893271935c61","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f3916ef0bfab69f7a57440a4e5b30e89c7432c1bbf2801c1032c893271935c61"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/G5ZALOF7CPC37H37IYRFWM253G/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/G5ZALOF7CPC37H37IYRFWM253G/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/G5ZALOF7CPC37H37IYRFWM253G/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-07T11:15:17Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/G5ZALOF7CPC37H37IYRFWM253G","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/G5ZALOF7CPC37H37IYRFWM253G/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/G5ZALOF7CPC37H37IYRFWM253G/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/G5ZALOF7CPC37H37IYRFWM253G/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:G5ZALOF7CPC37H37IYRFWM253G","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c152c043b0aa142bc17844020cb49bde7816f1358f3cccfa8c50156aff04dee1","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.DL","cs.LG","cs.SI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-04-01T17:45:15Z","title_canon_sha256":"8ce0e68516025def71d0baee925d477fae04ec91bc8902e078567bcba132054b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2404.01268","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2404.01268","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2404.01268v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2404.01268","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"G5ZALOF7CPC3","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"G5ZALOF7CPC37H37","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"G5ZALOF7","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f3916ef0bfab69f7a57440a4e5b30e89c7432c1bbf2801c1032c893271935c61","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2404.01268/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Scientific publishing lays the foundation of science by disseminating research findings, fostering collaboration, encouraging reproducibility, and ensuring that scientific knowledge is accessible, verifiable, and built upon over time. Recently, there has been immense speculation about how many people are using large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT in their academic writing, and to what extent this tool might have an effect on global scientific practices. However, we lack a precise measure of the proportion of academic writing substantially modified or produced by LLMs. To address this gap,","authors_text":"Christopher D Manning, Christopher Potts, Diyi Yang, Haley Lepp, Hancheng Cao, James Y. Zou, Sheng Liu, Siyu He, Weixin Liang, Wenlong Ji, Xuandong Zhao, Yaohui Zhang, Zhengxuan Wu, Zhi Huang","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.DL","cs.LG","cs.SI"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-04-01T17:45:15Z","title":"Mapping the Increasing Use of LLMs in Scientific Papers"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2404.01268","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:aaa683fd1303cbc900ab50ae51ef01ded18970e829fe15ea804dd070e8ff638a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c152c043b0aa142bc17844020cb49bde7816f1358f3cccfa8c50156aff04dee1","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.DL","cs.LG","cs.SI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-04-01T17:45:15Z","title_canon_sha256":"8ce0e68516025def71d0baee925d477fae04ec91bc8902e078567bcba132054b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2404.01268","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"377205b8bf13c5bf9f7f46225b335dd994b8f337b8350db30f08246a2cee2af0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"377205b8bf13c5bf9f7f46225b335dd994b8f337b8350db30f08246a2cee2af0","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03.724063Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03.724063Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"XmK6MXNt1VelePOxR37L01JZi+T8fM1lENjewg79On/SOCpwj+UpYEKG0onwSqDreo6ihcHZoItGEA9TyGcDAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:03.724566Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2404.01268","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:aaa683fd1303cbc900ab50ae51ef01ded18970e829fe15ea804dd070e8ff638a","sha256:f3916ef0bfab69f7a57440a4e5b30e89c7432c1bbf2801c1032c893271935c61"],"state_sha256":"cd2f404cd6dad723f2bef2053480874475e16521b173fc70ac997c0534abc822"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MKPfXseM0ihEbfiK1Mf2I7cSYl/1NDBezOvm7e5ntCf5QmUnzdI54idcqfxDyNKtkAkrFQCXPAaYh/l8iNWsDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T11:15:17.495095Z","bundle_sha256":"39daa090a4f997d3121d3667e6b2f0e8ace021b915cbf08daa328233f0c229a6"}}