{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2011:GDLIMYAFAGVSVLZ6ZS2BR5P66W","short_pith_number":"pith:GDLIMYAF","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"30d686600501ab2aaf3eccb418f5fef592174fe634c9baca3e14cd40e3763ff5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1109.1652","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Knudsen gas provides nanobubble stability","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.soft"],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Detlef Lohse, Harold Zandvliet, James Seddon","submitted_at":"2011-09-08T08:10:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"We provide a model for the remarkable stability of surface nanobubbles to bulk dissolution. The key to the solution is that the gas in a nanobubble is of Knudsen type. This leads to the generation of a bulk liquid flow which effectively forces the diffusive gas to remain local. Our model predicts the presence of a vertical water jet immediately above a nanobubble, with an estimated speed of $\\sim3.3\\,\\mathrm{m/s}$, in good agreement with our experimental atomic force microscopy measurement of $\\sim2.7\\,\\mathrm{m/s}$. In addition, our model also predicts an upper bound for the size of nanobubbl"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1109.1652","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2011-09-08T08:10:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.soft"],"title_canon_sha256":"f070e10286f5ca839e528a14ea224bcf9e64bba05323e1b74daf74cba748c256","abstract_canon_sha256":"cd6ef80c87b6563049efcdf1ea32ffed94f80366919d94863f00d0d7f9efc5f2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:54.687221Z","signature_b64":"Wz+gmJxhVb0BtbFuYXctTTUbLEQ/6ZuQ5vP0ZHORKxqeRXSXvcH5KSXNRPCik2jyDs25Sb/tsJ+kqStpW5e5DQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"30d686600501ab2aaf3eccb418f5fef592174fe634c9baca3e14cd40e3763ff5","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:54.686676Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:54.686676Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Knudsen gas provides nanobubble stability","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.soft"],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Detlef Lohse, Harold Zandvliet, James Seddon","submitted_at":"2011-09-08T08:10:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"We provide a model for the remarkable stability of surface nanobubbles to bulk dissolution. The key to the solution is that the gas in a nanobubble is of Knudsen type. This leads to the generation of a bulk liquid flow which effectively forces the diffusive gas to remain local. Our model predicts the presence of a vertical water jet immediately above a nanobubble, with an estimated speed of $\\sim3.3\\,\\mathrm{m/s}$, in good agreement with our experimental atomic force microscopy measurement of $\\sim2.7\\,\\mathrm{m/s}$. In addition, our model also predicts an upper bound for the size of nanobubbl"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1109.1652","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1109.1652","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:54.686783+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1109.1652v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:54.686783+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1109.1652","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:54.686783+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GDLIMYAFAGVS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:28.662955+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GDLIMYAFAGVSVLZ6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:28.662955+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GDLIMYAF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:28.662955+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/GDLIMYAFAGVSVLZ6ZS2BR5P66W","json":"https://pith.science/pith/GDLIMYAFAGVSVLZ6ZS2BR5P66W.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/GDLIMYAFAGVSVLZ6ZS2BR5P66W/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/GDLIMYAFAGVSVLZ6ZS2BR5P66W/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/GDLIMYAF"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/GDLIMYAFAGVSVLZ6ZS2BR5P66W","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/GDLIMYAFAGVSVLZ6ZS2BR5P66W.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/GDLIMYAF","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1109.1652&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/GDLIMYAFAGVSVLZ6ZS2BR5P66W/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/GDLIMYAFAGVSVLZ6ZS2BR5P66W/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/GDLIMYAFAGVSVLZ6ZS2BR5P66W/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/GDLIMYAFAGVSVLZ6ZS2BR5P66W/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/GDLIMYAFAGVSVLZ6ZS2BR5P66W/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/GDLIMYAFAGVSVLZ6ZS2BR5P66W/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/GDLIMYAFAGVSVLZ6ZS2BR5P66W/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:54.686783+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:54.686783+00:00"}