{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:GEXYOSTY24YHDU6HQDWOZUF7GW","short_pith_number":"pith:GEXYOSTY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1906.09295","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2019-06-21T19:19:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SP"],"title_canon_sha256":"02f2483ca370e753fe9052310fc6a66712911662eeecdc5664368d5fe7846177","abstract_canon_sha256":"959dffbba4b66f1311e207a0952faeed3a4ec3a50bbca165ddb6bbf35d754e0f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"312f874a78d73071d3c780ececd0bf35b5462946493e5cb4ababd55eae7430cc","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1906.09295","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1906.09295","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1906.09295v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1906.09295","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GEXYOSTY24YH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GEXYOSTY24YHDU6H","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GEXYOSTY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:GEXYOSTY24YHDU6HQDWOZUF7GW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1906.09295","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2019-06-21T19:19:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SP"],"title_canon_sha256":"02f2483ca370e753fe9052310fc6a66712911662eeecdc5664368d5fe7846177","abstract_canon_sha256":"959dffbba4b66f1311e207a0952faeed3a4ec3a50bbca165ddb6bbf35d754e0f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"312f874a78d73071d3c780ececd0bf35b5462946493e5cb4ababd55eae7430cc","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:38.617987Z","signature_b64":"2B4ziZyTbIO4reUP1NPxfAnyEIXC/dkESAlOwplcOqzUbyL4jFZWoxRnpsIxA1Valuxpp9cp8ny10HTWV0C+Cw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"312f874a78d73071d3c780ececd0bf35b5462946493e5cb4ababd55eae7430cc","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:38.617452Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:38.617452Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1906.09295","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QsjREAwl503inIDOAffkhkWs63TYFRxBuqgn6J85p7t+7wxl4YSUnDM6QqojgIKgewYGZx0APf8yavrDXD3QBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T03:36:21.447882Z"},"content_sha256":"576ad6636f9a7d9017930e5057372dc50bd26b7e6cd8c2747c1086969241ac00","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:576ad6636f9a7d9017930e5057372dc50bd26b7e6cd8c2747c1086969241ac00"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:GEXYOSTY24YHDU6HQDWOZUF7GW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Impact of Distributed Energy Resources on Frequency Regulation of the Bulk Power System","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.SY","eess.SP"],"primary_cat":"eess.SY","authors_text":"Mohammad Khatibi, Sara Ahmed","submitted_at":"2019-06-21T19:19:11Z","abstract_excerpt":"The growing penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) has increased the complexity of the power system due to their intermittent characteristics and lower inertial response, such as photovoltaic (PV) systems and wind turbines. This restructuring of the power system has a considerable effect on the transient response of the system resulting in inter-area oscillations, less synchronized coupling and power swings. Furthermore, the concept of being distributed itself and generating electricity from multiple locations in the power system makes the transient impact of DERs even worse by rai"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1906.09295","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"P5cB1TVqik/TizK1xUHkQ5PudH1VT82CbAh76m7VQYRi8yIMqGU84NDzjj4SfCMnJvFjtbVwV96C6Z+CK0UVBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T03:36:21.448218Z"},"content_sha256":"8f771535d7bb1e26f6b771e10b07df3d16baf4927419929b7cd66706d3f67309","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8f771535d7bb1e26f6b771e10b07df3d16baf4927419929b7cd66706d3f67309"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GEXYOSTY24YHDU6HQDWOZUF7GW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GEXYOSTY24YHDU6HQDWOZUF7GW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GEXYOSTY24YHDU6HQDWOZUF7GW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-27T03:36:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/GEXYOSTY24YHDU6HQDWOZUF7GW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/GEXYOSTY24YHDU6HQDWOZUF7GW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/GEXYOSTY24YHDU6HQDWOZUF7GW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GEXYOSTY24YHDU6HQDWOZUF7GW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:GEXYOSTY24YHDU6HQDWOZUF7GW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"959dffbba4b66f1311e207a0952faeed3a4ec3a50bbca165ddb6bbf35d754e0f","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SP"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2019-06-21T19:19:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"02f2483ca370e753fe9052310fc6a66712911662eeecdc5664368d5fe7846177"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1906.09295","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1906.09295","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1906.09295v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1906.09295","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GEXYOSTY24YH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GEXYOSTY24YHDU6H","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GEXYOSTY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:8f771535d7bb1e26f6b771e10b07df3d16baf4927419929b7cd66706d3f67309","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The growing penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) has increased the complexity of the power system due to their intermittent characteristics and lower inertial response, such as photovoltaic (PV) systems and wind turbines. This restructuring of the power system has a considerable effect on the transient response of the system resulting in inter-area oscillations, less synchronized coupling and power swings. Furthermore, the concept of being distributed itself and generating electricity from multiple locations in the power system makes the transient impact of DERs even worse by rai","authors_text":"Mohammad Khatibi, Sara Ahmed","cross_cats":["cs.SY","eess.SP"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2019-06-21T19:19:11Z","title":"Impact of Distributed Energy Resources on Frequency Regulation of the Bulk Power System"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1906.09295","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:576ad6636f9a7d9017930e5057372dc50bd26b7e6cd8c2747c1086969241ac00","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"959dffbba4b66f1311e207a0952faeed3a4ec3a50bbca165ddb6bbf35d754e0f","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SP"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2019-06-21T19:19:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"02f2483ca370e753fe9052310fc6a66712911662eeecdc5664368d5fe7846177"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1906.09295","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"312f874a78d73071d3c780ececd0bf35b5462946493e5cb4ababd55eae7430cc","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"312f874a78d73071d3c780ececd0bf35b5462946493e5cb4ababd55eae7430cc","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:38.617452Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:38.617452Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"2B4ziZyTbIO4reUP1NPxfAnyEIXC/dkESAlOwplcOqzUbyL4jFZWoxRnpsIxA1Valuxpp9cp8ny10HTWV0C+Cw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:38.617987Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1906.09295","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:576ad6636f9a7d9017930e5057372dc50bd26b7e6cd8c2747c1086969241ac00","sha256:8f771535d7bb1e26f6b771e10b07df3d16baf4927419929b7cd66706d3f67309"],"state_sha256":"364e8da0bc7de15da02c2a3490df4f577bc593512104afab168164cb3946a100"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"D3b3i4jTRzYXebhJ2xst9RNFA8Mv4oTkUe+D0YfUY8kXrl3XkDLChPJO7fStilW0yjAdBGQ6ferMeq7x0ol2Cg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T03:36:21.450416Z","bundle_sha256":"14bbd23e695606bc8fe61cfb34aea3a3acea130c87be07766a6f1935390e8d3e"}}