{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:GFSNYAQFCQAKKJQEZTDKODADW6","short_pith_number":"pith:GFSNYAQF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1610.01234","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2016-10-04T23:44:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"e229c229233f83c05fc6983ca0b7ff171546ace1b75ae4bff39c461088f18e0e","abstract_canon_sha256":"e9ef4b49fcdc141d6c7290bcdcfe4db5cbf7af15eb522c4382a71dccad3b1641"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3164dc02051400a52604ccc6a70c03b7b201f024f9bdcbac51c7794a76db8064","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1610.01234","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1610.01234","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1610.01234v3","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1610.01234","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GFSNYAQFCQAK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GFSNYAQFCQAKKJQE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GFSNYAQF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:GFSNYAQFCQAKKJQEZTDKODADW6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1610.01234","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2016-10-04T23:44:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"e229c229233f83c05fc6983ca0b7ff171546ace1b75ae4bff39c461088f18e0e","abstract_canon_sha256":"e9ef4b49fcdc141d6c7290bcdcfe4db5cbf7af15eb522c4382a71dccad3b1641"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3164dc02051400a52604ccc6a70c03b7b201f024f9bdcbac51c7794a76db8064","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:57.632527Z","signature_b64":"e+wBx10mTfm6i/g4Mg9MW9WTP8SEPE7Q4TEz+mjD6Pm8cuUamIjmWq3ajDBqNYpVaLUMMg/IXUbuBtQQWoOMCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3164dc02051400a52604ccc6a70c03b7b201f024f9bdcbac51c7794a76db8064","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:57.631999Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:57.631999Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1610.01234","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:57Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Vy0t3twE057cv3Xm3HBF5nUtCRDX+8CID26hni61O3D1GId5whhnH2IgGhiXYvHog9MWyAXVSJgM63IKvSJNDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T12:25:34.114234Z"},"content_sha256":"b981972bb3fbdc9a5aaea4e7f114e9e36066f172d5dfe3f979912588febc80a4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b981972bb3fbdc9a5aaea4e7f114e9e36066f172d5dfe3f979912588febc80a4"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:GFSNYAQFCQAKKJQEZTDKODADW6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Ensemble Validation: Selectivity has a Price, but Variety is Free","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"stat.ML","authors_text":"Eric Bax, Farshad Kooti","submitted_at":"2016-10-04T23:44:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"Suppose some classifiers are selected from a set of hypothesis classifiers to form an equally-weighted ensemble that selects a member classifier at random for each input example. Then the ensemble has an error bound consisting of the average error bound for the member classifiers, a term for selectivity that varies from zero (if all hypothesis classifiers are selected) to a standard uniform error bound (if only a single classifier is selected), and small constants. There is no penalty for using a richer hypothesis set if the same fraction of the hypothesis classifiers are selected for the ense"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1610.01234","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:57Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"geYNXxKeeI1I5M4pYMSh4TDvNG9dioMYwASHjDL8COvQvAQiBghhHsQV/l6aIzTc+kfeMOqfBx6XLbQDDwoPBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T12:25:34.114598Z"},"content_sha256":"b1ed0e1f2de54907e7f2ed7abb6198f480450e713be603c4271ab7e273d894d0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b1ed0e1f2de54907e7f2ed7abb6198f480450e713be603c4271ab7e273d894d0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GFSNYAQFCQAKKJQEZTDKODADW6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GFSNYAQFCQAKKJQEZTDKODADW6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GFSNYAQFCQAKKJQEZTDKODADW6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T12:25:34Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/GFSNYAQFCQAKKJQEZTDKODADW6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/GFSNYAQFCQAKKJQEZTDKODADW6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/GFSNYAQFCQAKKJQEZTDKODADW6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GFSNYAQFCQAKKJQEZTDKODADW6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:GFSNYAQFCQAKKJQEZTDKODADW6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e9ef4b49fcdc141d6c7290bcdcfe4db5cbf7af15eb522c4382a71dccad3b1641","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2016-10-04T23:44:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"e229c229233f83c05fc6983ca0b7ff171546ace1b75ae4bff39c461088f18e0e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1610.01234","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1610.01234","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1610.01234v3","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1610.01234","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GFSNYAQFCQAK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GFSNYAQFCQAKKJQE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GFSNYAQF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b1ed0e1f2de54907e7f2ed7abb6198f480450e713be603c4271ab7e273d894d0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:57Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Suppose some classifiers are selected from a set of hypothesis classifiers to form an equally-weighted ensemble that selects a member classifier at random for each input example. Then the ensemble has an error bound consisting of the average error bound for the member classifiers, a term for selectivity that varies from zero (if all hypothesis classifiers are selected) to a standard uniform error bound (if only a single classifier is selected), and small constants. There is no penalty for using a richer hypothesis set if the same fraction of the hypothesis classifiers are selected for the ense","authors_text":"Eric Bax, Farshad Kooti","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2016-10-04T23:44:20Z","title":"Ensemble Validation: Selectivity has a Price, but Variety is Free"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1610.01234","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b981972bb3fbdc9a5aaea4e7f114e9e36066f172d5dfe3f979912588febc80a4","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:57Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e9ef4b49fcdc141d6c7290bcdcfe4db5cbf7af15eb522c4382a71dccad3b1641","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2016-10-04T23:44:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"e229c229233f83c05fc6983ca0b7ff171546ace1b75ae4bff39c461088f18e0e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1610.01234","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"3164dc02051400a52604ccc6a70c03b7b201f024f9bdcbac51c7794a76db8064","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3164dc02051400a52604ccc6a70c03b7b201f024f9bdcbac51c7794a76db8064","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:57.631999Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:57.631999Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"e+wBx10mTfm6i/g4Mg9MW9WTP8SEPE7Q4TEz+mjD6Pm8cuUamIjmWq3ajDBqNYpVaLUMMg/IXUbuBtQQWoOMCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:57.632527Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1610.01234","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b981972bb3fbdc9a5aaea4e7f114e9e36066f172d5dfe3f979912588febc80a4","sha256:b1ed0e1f2de54907e7f2ed7abb6198f480450e713be603c4271ab7e273d894d0"],"state_sha256":"265db1fb22a32df6cd1cc6da5c563c2661f35dcf8e420fe7c179d17f429a1c53"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MWx16Fh0aSNnTJvHa2DyF5CxtPeNlTIcIAzoS83yN431wuxq0I3ZcanEAwGkz25342ojkq/ibCPqb7ayTc0BBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T12:25:34.116657Z","bundle_sha256":"2467fe8727ce945f57112f76ed3d030971dd9a4a87d034d7d76444f69db69aaa"}}