{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:GFVJYJCKNK3EM52P5VQCWGZU33","short_pith_number":"pith:GFVJYJCK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2606.05527","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2026-06-04T00:16:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"title_canon_sha256":"442afab517d4fdbfb9b61d4cebb3645059d2f03d35ac8cf3c7c4eb67993967fc","abstract_canon_sha256":"418154a0330737b93bb06749daf797124d8707442704a9d332fd14a9f1da2130"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"316a9c244a6ab646774fed602b1b34dee5e9ce5da1e1dd76d686e75c72159852","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2606.05527","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2606.05527","created_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2606.05527v1","created_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2606.05527","created_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GFVJYJCKNK3E","created_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GFVJYJCKNK3EM52P","created_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GFVJYJCK","created_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:GFVJYJCKNK3EM52P5VQCWGZU33","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2606.05527","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2026-06-04T00:16:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"title_canon_sha256":"442afab517d4fdbfb9b61d4cebb3645059d2f03d35ac8cf3c7c4eb67993967fc","abstract_canon_sha256":"418154a0330737b93bb06749daf797124d8707442704a9d332fd14a9f1da2130"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"316a9c244a6ab646774fed602b1b34dee5e9ce5da1e1dd76d686e75c72159852","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53.832088Z","signature_b64":"qlHomIIXC/F28LKK/LqiQueFxWqsRhh4Y7WYW4m48uYpF0ONljIoIiZuoUpdqhBLrdP6xGG0huq5a8qVDsG6DA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"316a9c244a6ab646774fed602b1b34dee5e9ce5da1e1dd76d686e75c72159852","last_reissued_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53.831539Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53.831539Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2606.05527","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wSlyqYzgqDS9jAK63vdzmf54vfW8YwwqFaYzPQ4bMqV5SosBznN943tQxNnlzrTlB9RFq6Jri2NvC78LaD+yCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-29T11:59:46.200878Z"},"content_sha256":"a8d4638b800e44964307b2df2eaccf480c38abd02fc06739d94cf2857f571523","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a8d4638b800e44964307b2df2eaccf480c38abd02fc06739d94cf2857f571523"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:GFVJYJCKNK3EM52P5VQCWGZU33","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"On the Cryptographic Structure Required for Verifying Qubits","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CR"],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Itay Shalit, James Bartusek","submitted_at":"2026-06-04T00:16:07Z","abstract_excerpt":"Classically testing for the presence of anti-commuting operators on a quantum device is a critical tool underpinning recent progress in classical verification of quantum computation. While such tests can be based on cryptographic assumptions, known constructions rely on highly structured assumptions, e.g. trapdoor claw-free functions.\n  In this work, we seek to explain this state of affairs by constructing strong cryptography from (certain forms of) classical tests of anti-commutation. In particular, we formulate the notion of a test of non-commutation (ToNC), an interactive protocol between a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2606.05527","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2606.05527/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vRhMm0dPEC6R9XpeOY9baXlJYvUqDElEv8tGs2ksD+BuF6DR5mwbiFaVGz6Lns4UaITyWdGaFRw/ckNFmVsdDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-29T11:59:46.201244Z"},"content_sha256":"3dbe7825b7d4bfe0f5345e0c5ca9018aa7f259b45c1131fce728cef191213e01","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3dbe7825b7d4bfe0f5345e0c5ca9018aa7f259b45c1131fce728cef191213e01"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GFVJYJCKNK3EM52P5VQCWGZU33/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GFVJYJCKNK3EM52P5VQCWGZU33/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GFVJYJCKNK3EM52P5VQCWGZU33/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-29T11:59:46Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/GFVJYJCKNK3EM52P5VQCWGZU33","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/GFVJYJCKNK3EM52P5VQCWGZU33/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/GFVJYJCKNK3EM52P5VQCWGZU33/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GFVJYJCKNK3EM52P5VQCWGZU33/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:GFVJYJCKNK3EM52P5VQCWGZU33","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"418154a0330737b93bb06749daf797124d8707442704a9d332fd14a9f1da2130","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2026-06-04T00:16:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"442afab517d4fdbfb9b61d4cebb3645059d2f03d35ac8cf3c7c4eb67993967fc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2606.05527","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2606.05527","created_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2606.05527v1","created_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2606.05527","created_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GFVJYJCKNK3E","created_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GFVJYJCKNK3EM52P","created_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GFVJYJCK","created_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3dbe7825b7d4bfe0f5345e0c5ca9018aa7f259b45c1131fce728cef191213e01","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2606.05527/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Classically testing for the presence of anti-commuting operators on a quantum device is a critical tool underpinning recent progress in classical verification of quantum computation. While such tests can be based on cryptographic assumptions, known constructions rely on highly structured assumptions, e.g. trapdoor claw-free functions.\n  In this work, we seek to explain this state of affairs by constructing strong cryptography from (certain forms of) classical tests of anti-commutation. In particular, we formulate the notion of a test of non-commutation (ToNC), an interactive protocol between a","authors_text":"Itay Shalit, James Bartusek","cross_cats":["cs.CR"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2026-06-04T00:16:07Z","title":"On the Cryptographic Structure Required for Verifying Qubits"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2606.05527","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a8d4638b800e44964307b2df2eaccf480c38abd02fc06739d94cf2857f571523","target":"record","created_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"418154a0330737b93bb06749daf797124d8707442704a9d332fd14a9f1da2130","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2026-06-04T00:16:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"442afab517d4fdbfb9b61d4cebb3645059d2f03d35ac8cf3c7c4eb67993967fc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2606.05527","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"316a9c244a6ab646774fed602b1b34dee5e9ce5da1e1dd76d686e75c72159852","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"316a9c244a6ab646774fed602b1b34dee5e9ce5da1e1dd76d686e75c72159852","first_computed_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53.831539Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53.831539Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"qlHomIIXC/F28LKK/LqiQueFxWqsRhh4Y7WYW4m48uYpF0ONljIoIiZuoUpdqhBLrdP6xGG0huq5a8qVDsG6DA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-06-05T01:14:53.832088Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2606.05527","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a8d4638b800e44964307b2df2eaccf480c38abd02fc06739d94cf2857f571523","sha256:3dbe7825b7d4bfe0f5345e0c5ca9018aa7f259b45c1131fce728cef191213e01"],"state_sha256":"ae8889ca1cefb7d9f2fc5a9d41cb98511b0f903bce1db183d3a92a22474b2d14"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"IAgRc+JaL6zTIh2f8hGC+rAXBC3ijWfi7ZJ0Lq2u6uaw0rxyBA03Cb6whBK0qOfYIs86rcilUraVPj+V/nexAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-29T11:59:46.203164Z","bundle_sha256":"9e71259edf2f6a20daf37252451587d708935a1073b8ac895f67340b3e405b3b"}}