{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:1993:GFYMO2EC3XYV73WE6BL65W55ED","short_pith_number":"pith:GFYMO2EC","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"3170c76882ddf15feec4f057eedbbd20d5f3db6b3054957533afb402949d2379","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"hep-th/9312102","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Functional Integral Approach to the N-Flavor Schwinger Model","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Christof Gattringer, Erhard Seiler","submitted_at":"1993-12-13T16:26:50Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study massless QED_2 with N flavors using path integrals. We identify the sector that is generated by the N^2 classically conserved vector currents. One of them (the U(1) current) creates a massive particle, while the others create massless ones. We show that the mass spectrum obeys a Witten-Veneziano type formula. Two theorems on n-point functions clarify the structure of the Hilbert space. Evaluation of the Fredenhagen-Marcu order parameter indicates that a confining force exists only between charges that are integer multiples of +/- Ne, whereas charges that are nonzero mod(N) screen thei"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-th/9312102","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1993-12-13T16:26:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3eb8d33ca9936c2874c7232eff7ecc903e8fb28649dee672f470e9eddb896619","abstract_canon_sha256":"6cd937e5b31a30be601971299689207498fc1abfe75ad979777ef01fb339c656"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:22.209067Z","signature_b64":"2fksd4vYpxHrzp5Rzv47ZolNKbS2Mnqck9y+cKuopAM/X33bulCuMGawnPr21YhYpuXJFO1CkhamsppnSL5kAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3170c76882ddf15feec4f057eedbbd20d5f3db6b3054957533afb402949d2379","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:22.208675Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:22.208675Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Functional Integral Approach to the N-Flavor Schwinger Model","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Christof Gattringer, Erhard Seiler","submitted_at":"1993-12-13T16:26:50Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study massless QED_2 with N flavors using path integrals. We identify the sector that is generated by the N^2 classically conserved vector currents. One of them (the U(1) current) creates a massive particle, while the others create massless ones. We show that the mass spectrum obeys a Witten-Veneziano type formula. Two theorems on n-point functions clarify the structure of the Hilbert space. Evaluation of the Fredenhagen-Marcu order parameter indicates that a confining force exists only between charges that are integer multiples of +/- Ne, whereas charges that are nonzero mod(N) screen thei"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-th/9312102","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/hep-th/9312102/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-th/9312102","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:22.208745+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-th/9312102v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:22.208745+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/9312102","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:22.208745+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GFYMO2EC3XYV","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:22.208745+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GFYMO2EC3XYV73WE","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:22.208745+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GFYMO2EC","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:22.208745+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":1,"internal_anchor_count":1,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2501.04674","citing_title":"Chiral and isospin breaking in the two-flavor Schwinger Model","ref_index":20,"is_internal_anchor":true}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/GFYMO2EC3XYV73WE6BL65W55ED","json":"https://pith.science/pith/GFYMO2EC3XYV73WE6BL65W55ED.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/GFYMO2EC3XYV73WE6BL65W55ED/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/GFYMO2EC3XYV73WE6BL65W55ED/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/GFYMO2EC"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/GFYMO2EC3XYV73WE6BL65W55ED","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/GFYMO2EC3XYV73WE6BL65W55ED.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/GFYMO2EC","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=hep-th/9312102&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/GFYMO2EC3XYV73WE6BL65W55ED/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/GFYMO2EC3XYV73WE6BL65W55ED/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/GFYMO2EC3XYV73WE6BL65W55ED/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/GFYMO2EC3XYV73WE6BL65W55ED/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/GFYMO2EC3XYV73WE6BL65W55ED/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/GFYMO2EC3XYV73WE6BL65W55ED/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/GFYMO2EC3XYV73WE6BL65W55ED/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:22.208745+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:22.208745+00:00"}