{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:GGOMT7GH2JUQRMF4WMTMDKD3GV","short_pith_number":"pith:GGOMT7GH","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1510.08957","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2015-10-30T03:06:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"74992c4befb5e78082d5d1c07ea07a91e74f75e97fb4379dd5fa1b88c1590b00","abstract_canon_sha256":"d3107a72488aa3dbf29120b639db24f1f22e3de7b77d00f236f6fc1f30afef25"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"319cc9fcc7d26908b0bcb326c1a87b35594a5c4422fad6a18865556e840810d3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1510.08957","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1510.08957","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1510.08957v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1510.08957","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GGOMT7GH2JUQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GGOMT7GH2JUQRMF4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GGOMT7GH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:GGOMT7GH2JUQRMF4WMTMDKD3GV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1510.08957","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2015-10-30T03:06:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"74992c4befb5e78082d5d1c07ea07a91e74f75e97fb4379dd5fa1b88c1590b00","abstract_canon_sha256":"d3107a72488aa3dbf29120b639db24f1f22e3de7b77d00f236f6fc1f30afef25"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"319cc9fcc7d26908b0bcb326c1a87b35594a5c4422fad6a18865556e840810d3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54.012979Z","signature_b64":"gR/+rthbuYRno7UXwE8GCaqnDZszjx617FmmERJb6t3lIfnIVMnJwe3rvPzVN7qi2ibCWSqV7WCj3rdhPo5xAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"319cc9fcc7d26908b0bcb326c1a87b35594a5c4422fad6a18865556e840810d3","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54.012592Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54.012592Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1510.08957","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3056zTa1JiFawVEuDC+WPK1FbCeEUNmvKaU72OXH16Ybl+IjNOSU4vbko/XnOgh6z4CIf/ooVX77i6IlU/egCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T16:41:35.462414Z"},"content_sha256":"9d9435a594ed39f3d459d54a7420b04ef356ee03ff1e95730517f2639129673b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9d9435a594ed39f3d459d54a7420b04ef356ee03ff1e95730517f2639129673b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:GGOMT7GH2JUQRMF4WMTMDKD3GV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Quantum random number generation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Bing Qi, Xiao Yuan, Xiongfeng Ma, Zhen Zhang, Zhu Cao","submitted_at":"2015-10-30T03:06:28Z","abstract_excerpt":"Quantum physics can be exploited to generate true random numbers, which play important roles in many applications, especially in cryptography. Genuine randomness from the measurement of a quantum system reveals the inherent nature of quantumness --- coherence, an important feature that differentiates quantum mechanics from classical physics. The generation of genuine randomness is generally considered impossible with only classical means. Based on the degree of trustworthiness on devices, quantum random number generators (QRNGs) can be grouped into three categories. The first category, practic"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1510.08957","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eXdZUP23RG9vAqAI4FLYxJEKJ7U2Yk8CGZUttp5ZRN9ATEuFoRI/FXpF54SLN8kPkbDQzff5XO00eW1cACp0Aw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T16:41:35.462816Z"},"content_sha256":"93df281de6128b35b966f4a160524ed1514fc6dbf56790b4d722d6ca7c1e33d2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:93df281de6128b35b966f4a160524ed1514fc6dbf56790b4d722d6ca7c1e33d2"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GGOMT7GH2JUQRMF4WMTMDKD3GV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GGOMT7GH2JUQRMF4WMTMDKD3GV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GGOMT7GH2JUQRMF4WMTMDKD3GV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-23T16:41:35Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/GGOMT7GH2JUQRMF4WMTMDKD3GV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/GGOMT7GH2JUQRMF4WMTMDKD3GV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/GGOMT7GH2JUQRMF4WMTMDKD3GV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GGOMT7GH2JUQRMF4WMTMDKD3GV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:GGOMT7GH2JUQRMF4WMTMDKD3GV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d3107a72488aa3dbf29120b639db24f1f22e3de7b77d00f236f6fc1f30afef25","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2015-10-30T03:06:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"74992c4befb5e78082d5d1c07ea07a91e74f75e97fb4379dd5fa1b88c1590b00"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1510.08957","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1510.08957","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1510.08957v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1510.08957","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GGOMT7GH2JUQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GGOMT7GH2JUQRMF4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GGOMT7GH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:93df281de6128b35b966f4a160524ed1514fc6dbf56790b4d722d6ca7c1e33d2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Quantum physics can be exploited to generate true random numbers, which play important roles in many applications, especially in cryptography. Genuine randomness from the measurement of a quantum system reveals the inherent nature of quantumness --- coherence, an important feature that differentiates quantum mechanics from classical physics. The generation of genuine randomness is generally considered impossible with only classical means. Based on the degree of trustworthiness on devices, quantum random number generators (QRNGs) can be grouped into three categories. The first category, practic","authors_text":"Bing Qi, Xiao Yuan, Xiongfeng Ma, Zhen Zhang, Zhu Cao","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2015-10-30T03:06:28Z","title":"Quantum random number generation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1510.08957","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9d9435a594ed39f3d459d54a7420b04ef356ee03ff1e95730517f2639129673b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d3107a72488aa3dbf29120b639db24f1f22e3de7b77d00f236f6fc1f30afef25","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2015-10-30T03:06:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"74992c4befb5e78082d5d1c07ea07a91e74f75e97fb4379dd5fa1b88c1590b00"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1510.08957","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"319cc9fcc7d26908b0bcb326c1a87b35594a5c4422fad6a18865556e840810d3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"319cc9fcc7d26908b0bcb326c1a87b35594a5c4422fad6a18865556e840810d3","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54.012592Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54.012592Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"gR/+rthbuYRno7UXwE8GCaqnDZszjx617FmmERJb6t3lIfnIVMnJwe3rvPzVN7qi2ibCWSqV7WCj3rdhPo5xAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54.012979Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1510.08957","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9d9435a594ed39f3d459d54a7420b04ef356ee03ff1e95730517f2639129673b","sha256:93df281de6128b35b966f4a160524ed1514fc6dbf56790b4d722d6ca7c1e33d2"],"state_sha256":"ad3276d9b90d9746283adfdc46e9b29d20427fc44854f8213b5804570a2acaa1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"GzjCzWJJoA2F2w6laZDWneT/1FTMOyNG7metTKBhKGmoZPmnazV16rZ2ylRRA6no/zDzbjEVVRnb0zBZogyHBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T16:41:35.465987Z","bundle_sha256":"4e497f200fcb3608fbe7e2110a6e502e0084bf2a469d4abef6f113e07eebaf12"}}