{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2018:GIFRFVS5L3UYO2UUC7TMIZD6OT","short_pith_number":"pith:GIFRFVS5","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"320b12d65d5ee9876a9417e6c4647e74d3ef8a3b0cd170cfea33d292b0320bec","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1810.01287","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Testing the speed of light over cosmological distances: the combination of strongly lensed and unlensed supernova Ia","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Jingzhao Qi, Marek Biesiada, Shuo Cao, Tengpeng Xu, Xiaogang Zheng, Zong-Hong Zhu","submitted_at":"2018-10-02T14:23:57Z","abstract_excerpt":"Probing the speed of light is as an important test of General Relativity but the measurements of $c$ using objects in the distant universe have been almost completely unexplored. In this letter, we propose an idea to use the multiple measurements of galactic-scale strong gravitational lensing systems with type Ia supernova acting as background sources to estimate the speed of light. This provides an original method to measure the speed of light using objects located at different redshifts which emitted their light in a distant past. Moreover, we predict that strongly lensed SNe Ia observed by "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1810.01287","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2018-10-02T14:23:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1f68f12cf09b826534312a683638da478b06b71bcc07bac7caf0a6ec3f1eb25b","abstract_canon_sha256":"ccf7f7190667d20be2d9e61eca1f4083a35d011a5eb90b35176f8a19b9f694d4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:28.040554Z","signature_b64":"IxPDpo3WmSk77kCwLcER50FMoimKIA4OHPo2OWvn3HlY3VwMMrCTEVrn0kXYMsCM+vGXaa6bKf9OQ5w9bOf8DA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"320b12d65d5ee9876a9417e6c4647e74d3ef8a3b0cd170cfea33d292b0320bec","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:28.039997Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:28.039997Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Testing the speed of light over cosmological distances: the combination of strongly lensed and unlensed supernova Ia","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Jingzhao Qi, Marek Biesiada, Shuo Cao, Tengpeng Xu, Xiaogang Zheng, Zong-Hong Zhu","submitted_at":"2018-10-02T14:23:57Z","abstract_excerpt":"Probing the speed of light is as an important test of General Relativity but the measurements of $c$ using objects in the distant universe have been almost completely unexplored. In this letter, we propose an idea to use the multiple measurements of galactic-scale strong gravitational lensing systems with type Ia supernova acting as background sources to estimate the speed of light. This provides an original method to measure the speed of light using objects located at different redshifts which emitted their light in a distant past. Moreover, we predict that strongly lensed SNe Ia observed by "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1810.01287","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1810.01287","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:28.040091+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1810.01287v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:28.040091+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1810.01287","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:28.040091+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GIFRFVS5L3UY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:25.280505+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GIFRFVS5L3UYO2UU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:25.280505+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GIFRFVS5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:25.280505+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/GIFRFVS5L3UYO2UUC7TMIZD6OT","json":"https://pith.science/pith/GIFRFVS5L3UYO2UUC7TMIZD6OT.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/GIFRFVS5L3UYO2UUC7TMIZD6OT/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/GIFRFVS5L3UYO2UUC7TMIZD6OT/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/GIFRFVS5"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/GIFRFVS5L3UYO2UUC7TMIZD6OT","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/GIFRFVS5L3UYO2UUC7TMIZD6OT.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/GIFRFVS5","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1810.01287&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/GIFRFVS5L3UYO2UUC7TMIZD6OT/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/GIFRFVS5L3UYO2UUC7TMIZD6OT/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/GIFRFVS5L3UYO2UUC7TMIZD6OT/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/GIFRFVS5L3UYO2UUC7TMIZD6OT/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/GIFRFVS5L3UYO2UUC7TMIZD6OT/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/GIFRFVS5L3UYO2UUC7TMIZD6OT/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/GIFRFVS5L3UYO2UUC7TMIZD6OT/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:28.040091+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:28.040091+00:00"}