{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:GIM32IRKTEGZUVSPGP2OZ6JSWS","short_pith_number":"pith:GIM32IRK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1909.02397","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2019-08-23T07:18:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5ea504e1ababfa2d87e7f6a876d7655a758a052c5f3351875e97df57dcb7670e","abstract_canon_sha256":"cb8e91094195d2ef3e054f9846674cb539974251611e217a83c9a5a578b9e01f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3219bd222a990d9a564f33f4ecf932b49d052e5a30007a428084960ce4426aac","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1909.02397","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1909.02397","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1909.02397v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1909.02397","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GIM32IRKTEGZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GIM32IRKTEGZUVSP","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GIM32IRK","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:GIM32IRKTEGZUVSPGP2OZ6JSWS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1909.02397","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2019-08-23T07:18:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5ea504e1ababfa2d87e7f6a876d7655a758a052c5f3351875e97df57dcb7670e","abstract_canon_sha256":"cb8e91094195d2ef3e054f9846674cb539974251611e217a83c9a5a578b9e01f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3219bd222a990d9a564f33f4ecf932b49d052e5a30007a428084960ce4426aac","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33.820436Z","signature_b64":"7T78NyBZl66efzZHuCJi463feBovjw2ILb8mCDiOidcDVpMK0ux5LTDjSqihR5dd8RdT0W5XFW7Ef5rVHsgHCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3219bd222a990d9a564f33f4ecf932b49d052e5a30007a428084960ce4426aac","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33.820065Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33.820065Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1909.02397","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nHTU4XkmK5w3oJUSp6zwREk65z/dihC0qTS5Z/bZu2RWyhYQOV1B4jpat8dyvdN65/LpqJdErl1s67l5/DFNDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T18:48:46.628410Z"},"content_sha256":"195aeffe843f824d985ec17e1b6bc905555b26133b42b5da4c80a01f4cf859a6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:195aeffe843f824d985ec17e1b6bc905555b26133b42b5da4c80a01f4cf859a6"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:GIM32IRKTEGZUVSPGP2OZ6JSWS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Defect physics in $Yb^{3+}$-doped $CaF_2$ from first-principles calculation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"Chol-Jun Yu, Chol-Nam Sin, Un-Gi Jong, Weiping Qin, Yun-Hyok Kye","submitted_at":"2019-08-23T07:18:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"Calcium fluoride has been widely used for light up-/down-conversion luminescence by accommodating lanthanide ions as sensitizers or activators. Especially, Yb-doped \\ce{CaF2} exhibits unique defect physics, causing various effects on the luminescence. This makes it vital for high efficiency of devices to control the defect-clustering, but theoretically principal guidelines for this are rarely provided. Here we perform the first-principles study on defect physics in Yb-doped \\ce{CaF2} to reveal the thermodynamic transition levels and formation energies of possible defects. We suggest that the f"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1909.02397","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1909.02397/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FJR/zf3hHQxR+8cjT/7nwz+Ecj1V00acMpjFEwVSuJTq9ULw8CF2spo7NccGddjUc2ci0kuuFcV6dEmwuxVaBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T18:48:46.629350Z"},"content_sha256":"eeb1d2c744dc2fabadd95f306112f9a1fa2bc8afea52b593e2709cb226a21513","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:eeb1d2c744dc2fabadd95f306112f9a1fa2bc8afea52b593e2709cb226a21513"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GIM32IRKTEGZUVSPGP2OZ6JSWS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GIM32IRKTEGZUVSPGP2OZ6JSWS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GIM32IRKTEGZUVSPGP2OZ6JSWS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-16T18:48:46Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/GIM32IRKTEGZUVSPGP2OZ6JSWS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/GIM32IRKTEGZUVSPGP2OZ6JSWS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/GIM32IRKTEGZUVSPGP2OZ6JSWS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GIM32IRKTEGZUVSPGP2OZ6JSWS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:GIM32IRKTEGZUVSPGP2OZ6JSWS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cb8e91094195d2ef3e054f9846674cb539974251611e217a83c9a5a578b9e01f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2019-08-23T07:18:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"5ea504e1ababfa2d87e7f6a876d7655a758a052c5f3351875e97df57dcb7670e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1909.02397","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1909.02397","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1909.02397v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1909.02397","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GIM32IRKTEGZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GIM32IRKTEGZUVSP","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GIM32IRK","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:eeb1d2c744dc2fabadd95f306112f9a1fa2bc8afea52b593e2709cb226a21513","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1909.02397/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Calcium fluoride has been widely used for light up-/down-conversion luminescence by accommodating lanthanide ions as sensitizers or activators. Especially, Yb-doped \\ce{CaF2} exhibits unique defect physics, causing various effects on the luminescence. This makes it vital for high efficiency of devices to control the defect-clustering, but theoretically principal guidelines for this are rarely provided. Here we perform the first-principles study on defect physics in Yb-doped \\ce{CaF2} to reveal the thermodynamic transition levels and formation energies of possible defects. We suggest that the f","authors_text":"Chol-Jun Yu, Chol-Nam Sin, Un-Gi Jong, Weiping Qin, Yun-Hyok Kye","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2019-08-23T07:18:20Z","title":"Defect physics in $Yb^{3+}$-doped $CaF_2$ from first-principles calculation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1909.02397","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:195aeffe843f824d985ec17e1b6bc905555b26133b42b5da4c80a01f4cf859a6","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cb8e91094195d2ef3e054f9846674cb539974251611e217a83c9a5a578b9e01f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2019-08-23T07:18:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"5ea504e1ababfa2d87e7f6a876d7655a758a052c5f3351875e97df57dcb7670e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1909.02397","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"3219bd222a990d9a564f33f4ecf932b49d052e5a30007a428084960ce4426aac","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3219bd222a990d9a564f33f4ecf932b49d052e5a30007a428084960ce4426aac","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33.820065Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33.820065Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"7T78NyBZl66efzZHuCJi463feBovjw2ILb8mCDiOidcDVpMK0ux5LTDjSqihR5dd8RdT0W5XFW7Ef5rVHsgHCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:02:33.820436Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1909.02397","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:195aeffe843f824d985ec17e1b6bc905555b26133b42b5da4c80a01f4cf859a6","sha256:eeb1d2c744dc2fabadd95f306112f9a1fa2bc8afea52b593e2709cb226a21513"],"state_sha256":"911a04a8bf02524d77c67054f94809b278b22f65db80f937b93f353980609ce3"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"DRFcAS7NFsCGPwrR37UgkljTRCExPiIaElwMSor9wcLGzOlpPQnX8uGyIMob0Q5ipu+jshS1xSzPy2YkGKgEAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T18:48:46.652025Z","bundle_sha256":"916248336b1e1e400d8f7a7940523a15e1343c5db93326115d3832e4b572c72c"}}