{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:GO6ZHSPP5TFS2X4J3UJTV3NRHF","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d8004760caaa0150474f69f7a747fb7cfa190cf4a5a62958f95cc17a7300bef2","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.NE","cs.SD","eess.AS","math.ST","stat.TH"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-05-31T10:03:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"7c552a5f9e4120222c73ea0e927ac17f95e1dd4ac0f51e7b691e03f2c8f35c0b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2105.14849","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2105.14849","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2105.14849v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2105.14849","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GO6ZHSPP5TFS","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GO6ZHSPP5TFS2X4J","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GO6ZHSPP","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:14Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:598ec6878f29ac11fa60d992abdbab78df2c864060f581c60ff09a9aa0887651","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2105.14849/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The peaky behavior of CTC models is well known experimentally. However, an understanding about why peaky behavior occurs is missing, and whether this is a good property. We provide a formal analysis of the peaky behavior and gradient descent convergence properties of the CTC loss and related training criteria. Our analysis provides a deep understanding why peaky behavior occurs and when it is suboptimal. On a simple example which should be trivial to learn for any model, we prove that a feed-forward neural network trained with CTC from uniform initialization converges towards peaky behavior wi","authors_text":"Albert Zeyer, Hermann Ney, Ralf Schl\\\"uter","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.NE","cs.SD","eess.AS","math.ST","stat.TH"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-05-31T10:03:14Z","title":"Why does CTC result in peaky behavior?"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2105.14849","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8360aa833047c91031a7951dfed135237f5f8e774bca3bfb4b6d4c7781370519","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d8004760caaa0150474f69f7a747fb7cfa190cf4a5a62958f95cc17a7300bef2","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.NE","cs.SD","eess.AS","math.ST","stat.TH"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-05-31T10:03:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"7c552a5f9e4120222c73ea0e927ac17f95e1dd4ac0f51e7b691e03f2c8f35c0b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2105.14849","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"33bd93c9efeccb2d5f89dd133aedb1394a0ed1a148cc0d63a0a032e22d884445","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"33bd93c9efeccb2d5f89dd133aedb1394a0ed1a148cc0d63a0a032e22d884445","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:14.344250Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:14.344250Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"K/dWcVQjGgg3qcQ42mpFaOF+e8RQF9kXwXpIAd4xpkRhcG+Z0OSDmJvtMwNT0kdfb1LV+cBscFD75+beT+exAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:14.344716Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2105.14849","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8360aa833047c91031a7951dfed135237f5f8e774bca3bfb4b6d4c7781370519","sha256:598ec6878f29ac11fa60d992abdbab78df2c864060f581c60ff09a9aa0887651"],"state_sha256":"52dab644cac1e835514400c7525e922e8f80a53aab630f7c9434d7629ac9d20a"}