{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:GOOGQJT3IBGFUKYUJ7RHZN6677","short_pith_number":"pith:GOOGQJT3","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1107.3314","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2011-07-17T16:46:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"0944b7a47c4187c4c7221abde90c95378eec4fbd24b0eac7f38de1471e40b03e","abstract_canon_sha256":"cf56f88916166ddfc3646ae6b6c0d1b4291c294140b96f852ce5f53b59a6b99b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"339c68267b404c5a2b144fe27cb7deffc47c95b9066d4714dd40c3f6555e990a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1107.3314","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1107.3314","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:05:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1107.3314v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:05:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1107.3314","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:05:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GOOGQJT3IBGF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GOOGQJT3IBGFUKYU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GOOGQJT3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:30Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:GOOGQJT3IBGFUKYUJ7RHZN6677","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1107.3314","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2011-07-17T16:46:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"0944b7a47c4187c4c7221abde90c95378eec4fbd24b0eac7f38de1471e40b03e","abstract_canon_sha256":"cf56f88916166ddfc3646ae6b6c0d1b4291c294140b96f852ce5f53b59a6b99b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"339c68267b404c5a2b144fe27cb7deffc47c95b9066d4714dd40c3f6555e990a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:05:27.309143Z","signature_b64":"43sgy/ACrFIpDlBwpkj8SfX0JbfG/8A6ITHmmQcjDvgM4gz35luxrWa4R3be05TZFtXbBH2URvTOIg0NYK/8AA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"339c68267b404c5a2b144fe27cb7deffc47c95b9066d4714dd40c3f6555e990a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:05:27.308473Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:05:27.308473Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1107.3314","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:05:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4gwyiXo0/vC0iuG+IEVwNaIFVnyCq29SQaLpZAKFyZd/LTF56pfolwL0hH/DpN7JAgMsswNe12JSxwgNa5dJCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T23:35:40.337630Z"},"content_sha256":"3191d6f25eea49c17056e39fe37794451a4a153cc390fcf65f136d11b71444e1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3191d6f25eea49c17056e39fe37794451a4a153cc390fcf65f136d11b71444e1"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:GOOGQJT3IBGFUKYUJ7RHZN6677","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Chemistry of the Early Universe","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"S. C. O. Glover","submitted_at":"2011-07-17T16:46:14Z","abstract_excerpt":"The chemistry of the early Universe is a fascinating field of study. Even in the absence of any elements heavier than lithium, a surprising degree of chemical complexity proves to be possible, giving the topic considerable interest in its own right. In addition, the fact that molecular hydrogen plays a key role in the formation of the first stars and galaxies means that if we want to understand the formation of these objects, we must first develop a good understanding of the chemical evolution of the gas. In this review, I first give a brief introduction to the chemistry occurring in the gas p"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1107.3314","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:05:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"EmZrhhehi4OB2ddkME24PRTp82+j9A1sWRs3a5JDd4Xu8gemq+pE9LEDjjgq08MsUsmrEQKDg+aw0uWhEQqZCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T23:35:40.342171Z"},"content_sha256":"b603c7678d3af31e43ad444057a2d48e660df286b78810f0e899d0ea9bbfc472","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b603c7678d3af31e43ad444057a2d48e660df286b78810f0e899d0ea9bbfc472"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GOOGQJT3IBGFUKYUJ7RHZN6677/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GOOGQJT3IBGFUKYUJ7RHZN6677/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GOOGQJT3IBGFUKYUJ7RHZN6677/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T23:35:40Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/GOOGQJT3IBGFUKYUJ7RHZN6677","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/GOOGQJT3IBGFUKYUJ7RHZN6677/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/GOOGQJT3IBGFUKYUJ7RHZN6677/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GOOGQJT3IBGFUKYUJ7RHZN6677/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:GOOGQJT3IBGFUKYUJ7RHZN6677","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cf56f88916166ddfc3646ae6b6c0d1b4291c294140b96f852ce5f53b59a6b99b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2011-07-17T16:46:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"0944b7a47c4187c4c7221abde90c95378eec4fbd24b0eac7f38de1471e40b03e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1107.3314","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1107.3314","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:05:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1107.3314v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:05:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1107.3314","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:05:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GOOGQJT3IBGF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GOOGQJT3IBGFUKYU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GOOGQJT3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:30Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b603c7678d3af31e43ad444057a2d48e660df286b78810f0e899d0ea9bbfc472","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:05:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The chemistry of the early Universe is a fascinating field of study. Even in the absence of any elements heavier than lithium, a surprising degree of chemical complexity proves to be possible, giving the topic considerable interest in its own right. In addition, the fact that molecular hydrogen plays a key role in the formation of the first stars and galaxies means that if we want to understand the formation of these objects, we must first develop a good understanding of the chemical evolution of the gas. In this review, I first give a brief introduction to the chemistry occurring in the gas p","authors_text":"S. C. O. Glover","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2011-07-17T16:46:14Z","title":"The Chemistry of the Early Universe"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1107.3314","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3191d6f25eea49c17056e39fe37794451a4a153cc390fcf65f136d11b71444e1","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:05:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cf56f88916166ddfc3646ae6b6c0d1b4291c294140b96f852ce5f53b59a6b99b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2011-07-17T16:46:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"0944b7a47c4187c4c7221abde90c95378eec4fbd24b0eac7f38de1471e40b03e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1107.3314","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"339c68267b404c5a2b144fe27cb7deffc47c95b9066d4714dd40c3f6555e990a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"339c68267b404c5a2b144fe27cb7deffc47c95b9066d4714dd40c3f6555e990a","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:05:27.308473Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:05:27.308473Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"43sgy/ACrFIpDlBwpkj8SfX0JbfG/8A6ITHmmQcjDvgM4gz35luxrWa4R3be05TZFtXbBH2URvTOIg0NYK/8AA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:05:27.309143Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1107.3314","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3191d6f25eea49c17056e39fe37794451a4a153cc390fcf65f136d11b71444e1","sha256:b603c7678d3af31e43ad444057a2d48e660df286b78810f0e899d0ea9bbfc472"],"state_sha256":"2445c3601cdb9491e0924e725f00cc8dc81fe60b2a12c4bce70771d64e383c1e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/rZYpyOW/yOdphQLScfJmOgQix28Ln+xwjQvVLGJXtTJ0hJv8rt7/e2i1QZTuEZsgNy01zSQjag3b6HY9OJFAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T23:35:40.361591Z","bundle_sha256":"aea65a9c5452edcb983013ccea9bda620be1eb93851443ca24d882e09d729887"}}