{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:GRVVLMD44C5EHKRVFU5PIXLI4G","short_pith_number":"pith:GRVVLMD4","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1607.06253","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-07-21T10:17:36Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"7380ab21a541f86573bc63e7b3ab217b98e3c43b8fc028635d7d89bed0719bcc","abstract_canon_sha256":"0d8e3b6fbddbf41d4347a25acc0b7184fcbf1a8fb796ae738ecc2b6b0c72d1f6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"346b55b07ce0ba43aa352d3af45d68e1aed7d0249e60a773a32d3581dc326911","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1607.06253","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1607.06253","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1607.06253v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1607.06253","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GRVVLMD44C5E","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GRVVLMD44C5EHKRV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GRVVLMD4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:GRVVLMD44C5EHKRVFU5PIXLI4G","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1607.06253","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-07-21T10:17:36Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"7380ab21a541f86573bc63e7b3ab217b98e3c43b8fc028635d7d89bed0719bcc","abstract_canon_sha256":"0d8e3b6fbddbf41d4347a25acc0b7184fcbf1a8fb796ae738ecc2b6b0c72d1f6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"346b55b07ce0ba43aa352d3af45d68e1aed7d0249e60a773a32d3581dc326911","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:42.156889Z","signature_b64":"/F3jyhhQ6tmZP1XwzQavPeu+7wkVwg5TmDMpAv3KEXoJGesLANfbRvgCPKQ9O3fq0QIGMBhhF3fh8v8o6ASDDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"346b55b07ce0ba43aa352d3af45d68e1aed7d0249e60a773a32d3581dc326911","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:42.156393Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:42.156393Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1607.06253","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Oj8AHn57Pk1EBJHG3R+xT72ZQhAa3E+NSFAoJj4Jxd648DZwqGd32VjWh8RTu/igU521VKTAbn58Y2nDnPJXBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T08:06:12.630205Z"},"content_sha256":"7d298c5bcb551c04f00f7fc174136a79d61ad5f4eeea6d85ce159c54ecc1ccfa","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7d298c5bcb551c04f00f7fc174136a79d61ad5f4eeea6d85ce159c54ecc1ccfa"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:GRVVLMD44C5EHKRVFU5PIXLI4G","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Composite Circumstellar Dust Grains","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.SR"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Dipak B. Vaidya, Rajeshwari Dutta, Ranjan Gupta","submitted_at":"2016-07-21T10:17:36Z","abstract_excerpt":"We calculate the absorption efficiencies of composite silicate grains with inclusions of graphite and silicon carbide in the spectral range 5--25$\\rm \\mu m$. We study the variation in absorption profiles with volume fractions of inclusions. In particular we study the variation in the wavelength of peak absorption at 10 and 18$\\rm \\mu m$. We also study the variation of the absorption of porous silicate grains. We use the absorption efficiencies to calculate the infrared flux at various dust temperatures and compare with the observed infrared emission flux from the circumstellar dust around some"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1607.06253","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1ELhwdXcKJpvJO0hHFGAyCHmxTrffiZYlmTICvePuhBB7C3RuFmr91HMArjK0cZNxnWq2DQ5Ofe4Ndc+gsW/Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T08:06:12.630887Z"},"content_sha256":"1341270767ced96cba42c331d5f1ea9677ec38678e3ddaf6d8489ce951847047","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1341270767ced96cba42c331d5f1ea9677ec38678e3ddaf6d8489ce951847047"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GRVVLMD44C5EHKRVFU5PIXLI4G/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GRVVLMD44C5EHKRVFU5PIXLI4G/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GRVVLMD44C5EHKRVFU5PIXLI4G/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T08:06:12Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/GRVVLMD44C5EHKRVFU5PIXLI4G","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/GRVVLMD44C5EHKRVFU5PIXLI4G/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/GRVVLMD44C5EHKRVFU5PIXLI4G/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GRVVLMD44C5EHKRVFU5PIXLI4G/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:GRVVLMD44C5EHKRVFU5PIXLI4G","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0d8e3b6fbddbf41d4347a25acc0b7184fcbf1a8fb796ae738ecc2b6b0c72d1f6","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-07-21T10:17:36Z","title_canon_sha256":"7380ab21a541f86573bc63e7b3ab217b98e3c43b8fc028635d7d89bed0719bcc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1607.06253","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1607.06253","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1607.06253v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1607.06253","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GRVVLMD44C5E","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GRVVLMD44C5EHKRV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GRVVLMD4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1341270767ced96cba42c331d5f1ea9677ec38678e3ddaf6d8489ce951847047","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We calculate the absorption efficiencies of composite silicate grains with inclusions of graphite and silicon carbide in the spectral range 5--25$\\rm \\mu m$. We study the variation in absorption profiles with volume fractions of inclusions. In particular we study the variation in the wavelength of peak absorption at 10 and 18$\\rm \\mu m$. We also study the variation of the absorption of porous silicate grains. We use the absorption efficiencies to calculate the infrared flux at various dust temperatures and compare with the observed infrared emission flux from the circumstellar dust around some","authors_text":"Dipak B. Vaidya, Rajeshwari Dutta, Ranjan Gupta","cross_cats":["astro-ph.SR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-07-21T10:17:36Z","title":"Composite Circumstellar Dust Grains"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1607.06253","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7d298c5bcb551c04f00f7fc174136a79d61ad5f4eeea6d85ce159c54ecc1ccfa","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0d8e3b6fbddbf41d4347a25acc0b7184fcbf1a8fb796ae738ecc2b6b0c72d1f6","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-07-21T10:17:36Z","title_canon_sha256":"7380ab21a541f86573bc63e7b3ab217b98e3c43b8fc028635d7d89bed0719bcc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1607.06253","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"346b55b07ce0ba43aa352d3af45d68e1aed7d0249e60a773a32d3581dc326911","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"346b55b07ce0ba43aa352d3af45d68e1aed7d0249e60a773a32d3581dc326911","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:42.156393Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:42.156393Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"/F3jyhhQ6tmZP1XwzQavPeu+7wkVwg5TmDMpAv3KEXoJGesLANfbRvgCPKQ9O3fq0QIGMBhhF3fh8v8o6ASDDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:42.156889Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1607.06253","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7d298c5bcb551c04f00f7fc174136a79d61ad5f4eeea6d85ce159c54ecc1ccfa","sha256:1341270767ced96cba42c331d5f1ea9677ec38678e3ddaf6d8489ce951847047"],"state_sha256":"be1bac1009d06195c2f5165dfadb8c08e8ac66e6572afc40b61e8af346507674"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KOqsulzN24JVJMoe3JN/bPeXQvS/6DOLAp656u9a+/2+kagXVjsYS8HeI347RilNGsbBUHAOjNKrZ2c9LFfXAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T08:06:12.634190Z","bundle_sha256":"ab4b4eb8b64c3d5af2d3988de9073385eb9ceec4d9092e9c1f75e2f2915cef8c"}}