{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:GSWZM53HLZWPTEJNFHIRUNKGQO","short_pith_number":"pith:GSWZM53H","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1705.06454","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2017-05-18T08:04:54Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8a152d1a9268942b8cd878fa56f48ab1686321f04ec73bd75552311ee113a1de","abstract_canon_sha256":"ec4db1d94d8177b39e353ac18b3625540443a7992e063584872c7daa2dfaa698"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"34ad9677675e6cf9912d29d11a3546838c5274223681362b6193adc0b35923a5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1705.06454","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1705.06454","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1705.06454v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1705.06454","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GSWZM53HLZWP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GSWZM53HLZWPTEJN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GSWZM53H","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:18Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:GSWZM53HLZWPTEJNFHIRUNKGQO","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1705.06454","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2017-05-18T08:04:54Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8a152d1a9268942b8cd878fa56f48ab1686321f04ec73bd75552311ee113a1de","abstract_canon_sha256":"ec4db1d94d8177b39e353ac18b3625540443a7992e063584872c7daa2dfaa698"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"34ad9677675e6cf9912d29d11a3546838c5274223681362b6193adc0b35923a5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:14.690535Z","signature_b64":"hPtNmSM7YEijRnvaJagOuFdFsUQSsvs2rpexn4Sfm5Q1APHQFu2UvqjG4+VeEDYo+K3uxa3CCSW3FUuwsTDHDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"34ad9677675e6cf9912d29d11a3546838c5274223681362b6193adc0b35923a5","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:14.689876Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:14.689876Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1705.06454","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"cI8xHqNsswgljy67wmtT1kZfBZqnp5+4Z5SzS3xOYYEtSgDHBWYjAYXNSE8zLKmOk8ZXtQxBCiXN+0LmC5Y6Dg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T05:28:21.115091Z"},"content_sha256":"f462415efee823fcb459d162d81954cb883aa0d132af5b5e762f319bd37d7225","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f462415efee823fcb459d162d81954cb883aa0d132af5b5e762f319bd37d7225"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:GSWZM53HLZWPTEJNFHIRUNKGQO","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Detecting Cyber-Physical Attacks in Additive Manufacturing using Digital Audio Signing","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Jinghui Toh, Mark Yampolskiy, Sofia Belikovetsky, Yosef Solewicz, Yuval Elovici","submitted_at":"2017-05-18T08:04:54Z","abstract_excerpt":"Additive Manufacturing (AM, or 3D printing) is a novel manufacturing technology that is being adopted in industrial and consumer settings. However, the reliance of this technology on computerization has raised various security concerns. In this paper we address sabotage via tampering with the 3D printing process. We present an object verification system using side-channel emanations: sound generated by onboard stepper motors. The contributions of this paper are following. We present two algorithms: one which generates a master audio fingerprint for the unmodified printing process, and one whic"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1705.06454","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zttBOs6jMoD7PQ6ZLrF2UxC+R455bFspZGqAYdsO48YIuHD4eSxXJVA02AOWf5BMwDDCRw8HEuY4BuHXctV6BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T05:28:21.115821Z"},"content_sha256":"62afba69508e5eeb8395404d4abbb24203d54c36106f87ed71096a46e85dea95","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:62afba69508e5eeb8395404d4abbb24203d54c36106f87ed71096a46e85dea95"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GSWZM53HLZWPTEJNFHIRUNKGQO/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GSWZM53HLZWPTEJNFHIRUNKGQO/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GSWZM53HLZWPTEJNFHIRUNKGQO/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-06T05:28:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/GSWZM53HLZWPTEJNFHIRUNKGQO","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/GSWZM53HLZWPTEJNFHIRUNKGQO/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/GSWZM53HLZWPTEJNFHIRUNKGQO/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GSWZM53HLZWPTEJNFHIRUNKGQO/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:GSWZM53HLZWPTEJNFHIRUNKGQO","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ec4db1d94d8177b39e353ac18b3625540443a7992e063584872c7daa2dfaa698","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2017-05-18T08:04:54Z","title_canon_sha256":"8a152d1a9268942b8cd878fa56f48ab1686321f04ec73bd75552311ee113a1de"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1705.06454","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1705.06454","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1705.06454v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1705.06454","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GSWZM53HLZWP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GSWZM53HLZWPTEJN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GSWZM53H","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:18Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:62afba69508e5eeb8395404d4abbb24203d54c36106f87ed71096a46e85dea95","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Additive Manufacturing (AM, or 3D printing) is a novel manufacturing technology that is being adopted in industrial and consumer settings. However, the reliance of this technology on computerization has raised various security concerns. In this paper we address sabotage via tampering with the 3D printing process. We present an object verification system using side-channel emanations: sound generated by onboard stepper motors. The contributions of this paper are following. We present two algorithms: one which generates a master audio fingerprint for the unmodified printing process, and one whic","authors_text":"Jinghui Toh, Mark Yampolskiy, Sofia Belikovetsky, Yosef Solewicz, Yuval Elovici","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2017-05-18T08:04:54Z","title":"Detecting Cyber-Physical Attacks in Additive Manufacturing using Digital Audio Signing"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1705.06454","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f462415efee823fcb459d162d81954cb883aa0d132af5b5e762f319bd37d7225","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ec4db1d94d8177b39e353ac18b3625540443a7992e063584872c7daa2dfaa698","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2017-05-18T08:04:54Z","title_canon_sha256":"8a152d1a9268942b8cd878fa56f48ab1686321f04ec73bd75552311ee113a1de"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1705.06454","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"34ad9677675e6cf9912d29d11a3546838c5274223681362b6193adc0b35923a5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"34ad9677675e6cf9912d29d11a3546838c5274223681362b6193adc0b35923a5","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:14.689876Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:14.689876Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"hPtNmSM7YEijRnvaJagOuFdFsUQSsvs2rpexn4Sfm5Q1APHQFu2UvqjG4+VeEDYo+K3uxa3CCSW3FUuwsTDHDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:14.690535Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1705.06454","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f462415efee823fcb459d162d81954cb883aa0d132af5b5e762f319bd37d7225","sha256:62afba69508e5eeb8395404d4abbb24203d54c36106f87ed71096a46e85dea95"],"state_sha256":"b4f017fdcc7789846d2324c71402616989a2e8fdbee3ceff9aacea3dcf381d9c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9WzuDbKf/ePNHaUto4jj3hzSlD3t5H39YCHZBQRDiSEJxb0PNxV3DGijeTmIbhobw6XaaENe+jAWmLDsk/c6Bg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T05:28:21.119643Z","bundle_sha256":"801b3b77142657add1edde8963429d9a529fa1a6d80883f6f105b53ffca252f1"}}