{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:GTU2OUUAA7Y7Z222DQCPYEPGR2","short_pith_number":"pith:GTU2OUUA","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1904.05715","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2019-04-11T14:21:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4451a2ac1d137ab16d76bc7ed8f8bbc31a634638a50eae601c9c241ac3014041","abstract_canon_sha256":"d53e1f4d524448c92093c961134c4cb942ebacd70a1780be787baf14f434d434"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"34e9a7528007f1fceb5a1c04fc11e68e8c10119e33176b61d925b9cf21b05dfc","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1904.05715","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1904.05715","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1904.05715v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1904.05715","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GTU2OUUAA7Y7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GTU2OUUAA7Y7Z222","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GTU2OUUA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:GTU2OUUAA7Y7Z222DQCPYEPGR2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1904.05715","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2019-04-11T14:21:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4451a2ac1d137ab16d76bc7ed8f8bbc31a634638a50eae601c9c241ac3014041","abstract_canon_sha256":"d53e1f4d524448c92093c961134c4cb942ebacd70a1780be787baf14f434d434"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"34e9a7528007f1fceb5a1c04fc11e68e8c10119e33176b61d925b9cf21b05dfc","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:48.699103Z","signature_b64":"LauDIZSWNQbJpDkDi2XmkfQ42BVG+b56Om5CgnzXq/Q1n1Lr95fbL9gS/lhtrGIQSoRaHp4qluG6xaRZuoSsCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"34e9a7528007f1fceb5a1c04fc11e68e8c10119e33176b61d925b9cf21b05dfc","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:48.698535Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:48.698535Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1904.05715","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Ho5iSGCdHxc3K3+aLQF3/iUedRMOO9uAPYX/FXhttDOHAYgGoFun76PHCKjj2Dt8hK2L84IQwB2jXDAnY8jwCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-29T20:45:13.512968Z"},"content_sha256":"093da8b2190cce50a5e15f84753c12fba62e446b63c5db6d160ca612ff38e49d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:093da8b2190cce50a5e15f84753c12fba62e446b63c5db6d160ca612ff38e49d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:GTU2OUUAA7Y7Z222DQCPYEPGR2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Matrix Modeling of Energy Hub with Variable Energy Efficiencies","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"math.OC","authors_text":"Chongqing Kang, Igor Kuzle, Ning Zhang, Tomislav Capuder, Wujing Huang, Yi Wang","submitted_at":"2019-04-11T14:21:53Z","abstract_excerpt":"The modeling of multi-energy systems (MES) is the basic task of analyzing energy systems integration. The variable energy efficiencies of the energy conversion and storage components in MES introduce nonlinearity to the model and thus complicate the analysis and optimization of MES. In this paper, we propose a standardized matrix modeling approach to automatically model MES with variable energy efficiencies based on the energy hub (EH) modeling framework. We use piecewise linearization to approximate the variable energy efficiencies; as a result, a component with variable efficiency is equival"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1904.05715","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4j2Cl3HITkuKGPZPc6cjzaYddvakkPYrqSqJ31gWLNj0+8OunXhZnZLERnci1Ofs5VVxYkezNK+bGgNtWNaMBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-29T20:45:13.513632Z"},"content_sha256":"b837924849a0db4139f3ee6cf43ad9c4bf08850ed7762e5c75287278bb0f9815","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b837924849a0db4139f3ee6cf43ad9c4bf08850ed7762e5c75287278bb0f9815"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GTU2OUUAA7Y7Z222DQCPYEPGR2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GTU2OUUAA7Y7Z222DQCPYEPGR2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GTU2OUUAA7Y7Z222DQCPYEPGR2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-29T20:45:13Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/GTU2OUUAA7Y7Z222DQCPYEPGR2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/GTU2OUUAA7Y7Z222DQCPYEPGR2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/GTU2OUUAA7Y7Z222DQCPYEPGR2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GTU2OUUAA7Y7Z222DQCPYEPGR2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:GTU2OUUAA7Y7Z222DQCPYEPGR2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d53e1f4d524448c92093c961134c4cb942ebacd70a1780be787baf14f434d434","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2019-04-11T14:21:53Z","title_canon_sha256":"4451a2ac1d137ab16d76bc7ed8f8bbc31a634638a50eae601c9c241ac3014041"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1904.05715","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1904.05715","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1904.05715v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1904.05715","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GTU2OUUAA7Y7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GTU2OUUAA7Y7Z222","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GTU2OUUA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b837924849a0db4139f3ee6cf43ad9c4bf08850ed7762e5c75287278bb0f9815","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The modeling of multi-energy systems (MES) is the basic task of analyzing energy systems integration. The variable energy efficiencies of the energy conversion and storage components in MES introduce nonlinearity to the model and thus complicate the analysis and optimization of MES. In this paper, we propose a standardized matrix modeling approach to automatically model MES with variable energy efficiencies based on the energy hub (EH) modeling framework. We use piecewise linearization to approximate the variable energy efficiencies; as a result, a component with variable efficiency is equival","authors_text":"Chongqing Kang, Igor Kuzle, Ning Zhang, Tomislav Capuder, Wujing Huang, Yi Wang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2019-04-11T14:21:53Z","title":"Matrix Modeling of Energy Hub with Variable Energy Efficiencies"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1904.05715","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:093da8b2190cce50a5e15f84753c12fba62e446b63c5db6d160ca612ff38e49d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d53e1f4d524448c92093c961134c4cb942ebacd70a1780be787baf14f434d434","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2019-04-11T14:21:53Z","title_canon_sha256":"4451a2ac1d137ab16d76bc7ed8f8bbc31a634638a50eae601c9c241ac3014041"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1904.05715","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"34e9a7528007f1fceb5a1c04fc11e68e8c10119e33176b61d925b9cf21b05dfc","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"34e9a7528007f1fceb5a1c04fc11e68e8c10119e33176b61d925b9cf21b05dfc","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:48.698535Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:48.698535Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"LauDIZSWNQbJpDkDi2XmkfQ42BVG+b56Om5CgnzXq/Q1n1Lr95fbL9gS/lhtrGIQSoRaHp4qluG6xaRZuoSsCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:48.699103Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1904.05715","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:093da8b2190cce50a5e15f84753c12fba62e446b63c5db6d160ca612ff38e49d","sha256:b837924849a0db4139f3ee6cf43ad9c4bf08850ed7762e5c75287278bb0f9815"],"state_sha256":"57b0db53e1e0a58a0aa32ff464b458d190844f303edb0197fe98747b5cd0a9f1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"law/QBG/xJlBYxPww7cZ2bmDRVGYMwhjkyNL6DWnsKSEbSQphrRhKYNOYhuw5bu7aWtQtbo5NIk+D3CgmLkFAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-29T20:45:13.517404Z","bundle_sha256":"7b215c0f4cc3b35f0db9fc652f99f5e78f0551ab0af23de74269ffe6c646c4f6"}}