{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2012:GU56YLO4OYX5SZ52PPC36CD6ZQ","short_pith_number":"pith:GU56YLO4","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"353bec2ddc762fd967ba7bc5bf087ecc20aaf9a3168719b547648f7d54b793d2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1207.5674","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Exploring the limits of safety analysis in complex technological systems","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.data-an"],"primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","authors_text":"D. Sornette, T. Maillart, W. Kroeger (ETH Zurich)","submitted_at":"2012-07-24T12:16:49Z","abstract_excerpt":"From biotechnology to cyber-risks, most extreme technological risks cannot be reliably estimated from historical statistics. Therefore, engineers resort to predictive methods, such as fault/event trees in the framework of probabilistic safety assessment (PSA), which consists in developing models to identify triggering events, potential accident scenarios, and estimate their severity and frequency. However, even the best safety analysis struggles to account for evolving risks resulting from inter-connected networks and cascade effects. Taking nuclear risks as an example, the predicted plant-spe"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1207.5674","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2012-07-24T12:16:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.data-an"],"title_canon_sha256":"7e145c2dceaa1b5f48e53c01ceeceb66a2bac5b734011bdc5da08e6803fc214d","abstract_canon_sha256":"521bebe36e35d602b39f7c5d46249bfbba0dc60ae75de3b2d9a97abb0f1b2a3b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:44:32.582646Z","signature_b64":"gML7o6w09v7oGUwOvWRcSVCUaRMEEuf+ibvggTZsh9DJykK54OlRkLZBfpS7QU3Y/EYDKz6U5yfvHsix2R8fCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"353bec2ddc762fd967ba7bc5bf087ecc20aaf9a3168719b547648f7d54b793d2","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:44:32.582258Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:44:32.582258Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Exploring the limits of safety analysis in complex technological systems","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.data-an"],"primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","authors_text":"D. Sornette, T. Maillart, W. Kroeger (ETH Zurich)","submitted_at":"2012-07-24T12:16:49Z","abstract_excerpt":"From biotechnology to cyber-risks, most extreme technological risks cannot be reliably estimated from historical statistics. Therefore, engineers resort to predictive methods, such as fault/event trees in the framework of probabilistic safety assessment (PSA), which consists in developing models to identify triggering events, potential accident scenarios, and estimate their severity and frequency. However, even the best safety analysis struggles to account for evolving risks resulting from inter-connected networks and cascade effects. Taking nuclear risks as an example, the predicted plant-spe"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1207.5674","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1207.5674","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:44:32.582311+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1207.5674v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:44:32.582311+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1207.5674","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:44:32.582311+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GU56YLO4OYX5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06.952714+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GU56YLO4OYX5SZ52","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06.952714+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GU56YLO4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06.952714+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/GU56YLO4OYX5SZ52PPC36CD6ZQ","json":"https://pith.science/pith/GU56YLO4OYX5SZ52PPC36CD6ZQ.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/GU56YLO4OYX5SZ52PPC36CD6ZQ/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/GU56YLO4OYX5SZ52PPC36CD6ZQ/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/GU56YLO4"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/GU56YLO4OYX5SZ52PPC36CD6ZQ","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/GU56YLO4OYX5SZ52PPC36CD6ZQ.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/GU56YLO4","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1207.5674&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/GU56YLO4OYX5SZ52PPC36CD6ZQ/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/GU56YLO4OYX5SZ52PPC36CD6ZQ/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/GU56YLO4OYX5SZ52PPC36CD6ZQ/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/GU56YLO4OYX5SZ52PPC36CD6ZQ/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/GU56YLO4OYX5SZ52PPC36CD6ZQ/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/GU56YLO4OYX5SZ52PPC36CD6ZQ/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/GU56YLO4OYX5SZ52PPC36CD6ZQ/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:44:32.582311+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T02:44:32.582311+00:00"}