{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:GXRJKMG3MJWNHFDDN4RR5Z2MTT","short_pith_number":"pith:GXRJKMG3","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1403.2061","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2014-03-09T14:30:59Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","physics.comp-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"870eccb3a445ee7f1a18ffe08c27120e2463f64e5d8d87ab38ba864d87dc07d5","abstract_canon_sha256":"d9cbc104ef5b1179f974d61d876c212a5269a64bb19674ce4f46bb4779c43b7c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"35e29530db626cd394636f231ee74c9cd7cdd41108128d8526154c6499c7f991","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1403.2061","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1403.2061","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1403.2061v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1403.2061","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GXRJKMG3MJWN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GXRJKMG3MJWNHFDD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GXRJKMG3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:30Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:GXRJKMG3MJWNHFDDN4RR5Z2MTT","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1403.2061","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2014-03-09T14:30:59Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","physics.comp-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"870eccb3a445ee7f1a18ffe08c27120e2463f64e5d8d87ab38ba864d87dc07d5","abstract_canon_sha256":"d9cbc104ef5b1179f974d61d876c212a5269a64bb19674ce4f46bb4779c43b7c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"35e29530db626cd394636f231ee74c9cd7cdd41108128d8526154c6499c7f991","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:16.997612Z","signature_b64":"WVxVymiyDAHZJGoMt98NukRRE3HMCMPFHNV6GJdafYDDn4D65fMUEy8waXosLr2M7qmPmMtA44wHhryxm7aZDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"35e29530db626cd394636f231ee74c9cd7cdd41108128d8526154c6499c7f991","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:16.996956Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:16.996956Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1403.2061","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ljnE+F9+54umgQzVNgWJut7/9J6ckpCQh8qg55PEACI/wrTjXqpjFEzExKc71ZtzP5QyUxXthVb/ASKwq62xBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T10:36:16.029262Z"},"content_sha256":"9a306ddd6c8e23306002b5bda731a41966d1e2b4d41c2f61aa87f3bcc3aeaf6f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9a306ddd6c8e23306002b5bda731a41966d1e2b4d41c2f61aa87f3bcc3aeaf6f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:GXRJKMG3MJWNHFDDN4RR5Z2MTT","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"One-dimensional Silicon and Germanium Nanostructures With No Carbon Analogues","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","physics.comp-ph"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"Douglas S. Galvao, Eric Perim, Ricardo Paupitz, Tiago Botari","submitted_at":"2014-03-09T14:30:59Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this work we report new silicon and germanium tubular nanostructures with no corresponding stable carbon analogues. The electronic and mechanical properties of these new tubes were investigated through ab initio methods. Our results show that the structures have lower energy than their corresponding nanoribbon structures and are stable up to high temperatures (500 and 1000 K, for silicon and germanium tubes, respectively). Both tubes are semiconducting with small indirect band gaps, which can be significantly altered by both compressive and tensile strains. Large bandgap variations of almos"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1403.2061","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Rx7ad7DMmx8GgjlB0fbPsI9W8Uw/P1IjRufi0eAlSqt4p+BX0hPUdb86+GG7K8vjAgwqDpjctEvqcwy4lpB6CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T10:36:16.029994Z"},"content_sha256":"a8562bccad21639c5a8313e3f2841292b94d8a955ed0867e2d443b5567a296bb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a8562bccad21639c5a8313e3f2841292b94d8a955ed0867e2d443b5567a296bb"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GXRJKMG3MJWNHFDDN4RR5Z2MTT/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GXRJKMG3MJWNHFDDN4RR5Z2MTT/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GXRJKMG3MJWNHFDDN4RR5Z2MTT/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T10:36:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/GXRJKMG3MJWNHFDDN4RR5Z2MTT","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/GXRJKMG3MJWNHFDDN4RR5Z2MTT/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/GXRJKMG3MJWNHFDDN4RR5Z2MTT/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GXRJKMG3MJWNHFDDN4RR5Z2MTT/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:GXRJKMG3MJWNHFDDN4RR5Z2MTT","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d9cbc104ef5b1179f974d61d876c212a5269a64bb19674ce4f46bb4779c43b7c","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","physics.comp-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2014-03-09T14:30:59Z","title_canon_sha256":"870eccb3a445ee7f1a18ffe08c27120e2463f64e5d8d87ab38ba864d87dc07d5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1403.2061","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1403.2061","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1403.2061v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1403.2061","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GXRJKMG3MJWN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GXRJKMG3MJWNHFDD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GXRJKMG3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:30Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a8562bccad21639c5a8313e3f2841292b94d8a955ed0867e2d443b5567a296bb","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this work we report new silicon and germanium tubular nanostructures with no corresponding stable carbon analogues. The electronic and mechanical properties of these new tubes were investigated through ab initio methods. Our results show that the structures have lower energy than their corresponding nanoribbon structures and are stable up to high temperatures (500 and 1000 K, for silicon and germanium tubes, respectively). Both tubes are semiconducting with small indirect band gaps, which can be significantly altered by both compressive and tensile strains. Large bandgap variations of almos","authors_text":"Douglas S. Galvao, Eric Perim, Ricardo Paupitz, Tiago Botari","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","physics.comp-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2014-03-09T14:30:59Z","title":"One-dimensional Silicon and Germanium Nanostructures With No Carbon Analogues"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1403.2061","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9a306ddd6c8e23306002b5bda731a41966d1e2b4d41c2f61aa87f3bcc3aeaf6f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d9cbc104ef5b1179f974d61d876c212a5269a64bb19674ce4f46bb4779c43b7c","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","physics.comp-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2014-03-09T14:30:59Z","title_canon_sha256":"870eccb3a445ee7f1a18ffe08c27120e2463f64e5d8d87ab38ba864d87dc07d5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1403.2061","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"35e29530db626cd394636f231ee74c9cd7cdd41108128d8526154c6499c7f991","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"35e29530db626cd394636f231ee74c9cd7cdd41108128d8526154c6499c7f991","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:16.996956Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:16.996956Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"WVxVymiyDAHZJGoMt98NukRRE3HMCMPFHNV6GJdafYDDn4D65fMUEy8waXosLr2M7qmPmMtA44wHhryxm7aZDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:16.997612Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1403.2061","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9a306ddd6c8e23306002b5bda731a41966d1e2b4d41c2f61aa87f3bcc3aeaf6f","sha256:a8562bccad21639c5a8313e3f2841292b94d8a955ed0867e2d443b5567a296bb"],"state_sha256":"68d38c9e44d9bf14121d83bb96ef92eb2244f25bce2eb0498067c3bfc90f1c8a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PXJGvz60q/wrMyx+dUZiD3mP+vxQIEYgAb6Uy41VM5RLU/3E5nreQA3keH7kGmhFAAqtN3rMfiZGZKTRMWWiDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T10:36:16.034262Z","bundle_sha256":"7644c89971535a9ce01eefe18af403b24460587a7d58a690a2dd5acdb2dfef08"}}