{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:GYT4F63PNTQNQQXR7SEV22TPJR","short_pith_number":"pith:GYT4F63P","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2010.10978","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.app-ph","submitted_at":"2020-10-21T13:10:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","physics.chem-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"c1530cc5ba1ff1fc5a5bf18a0ee2b0772573dc060402a3b42c3c0b219952b487","abstract_canon_sha256":"5d5a160d421763d5f9fdeec8c2f1867b5b739a59644d0ebfc635bdb81dee3887"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3627c2fb6f6ce0d842f1fc895d6a6f4c52db89e8b4afe31c85c0b782b737abfb","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2010.10978","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2010.10978","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2010.10978v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2010.10978","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GYT4F63PNTQN","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GYT4F63PNTQNQQXR","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GYT4F63P","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:GYT4F63PNTQNQQXR7SEV22TPJR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2010.10978","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.app-ph","submitted_at":"2020-10-21T13:10:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","physics.chem-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"c1530cc5ba1ff1fc5a5bf18a0ee2b0772573dc060402a3b42c3c0b219952b487","abstract_canon_sha256":"5d5a160d421763d5f9fdeec8c2f1867b5b739a59644d0ebfc635bdb81dee3887"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3627c2fb6f6ce0d842f1fc895d6a6f4c52db89e8b4afe31c85c0b782b737abfb","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48.651618Z","signature_b64":"/duGOt4/PfPDAmFc8WVImsI6YRBjM9djefGjJKIfow1QqZaODNPJdjvbe6QtKC+ghDl7eBAqZvwmRO3D7wCwDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3627c2fb6f6ce0d842f1fc895d6a6f4c52db89e8b4afe31c85c0b782b737abfb","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48.651211Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48.651211Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2010.10978","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7tUZ+GvRrgxK8WHPFA/2T2la1lqQ3G4cZwdYXCDaFF66S/E7P7HJNx6D41lBOuDfNtE6I6fOlsCt42yPoQ/vBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T17:25:22.870158Z"},"content_sha256":"b49981e80b80a63dae108dc2961de995b5d1e3a51afc9a69e7dc32dd6932df6c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b49981e80b80a63dae108dc2961de995b5d1e3a51afc9a69e7dc32dd6932df6c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:GYT4F63PNTQNQQXR7SEV22TPJR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The role of charge recombination to spin-triplet excitons in non-fullerene acceptor organic solar cells","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","physics.chem-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.app-ph","authors_text":"Akchheta Karki, Akshay Rao, Alberto Privitera, Alexander J. Gillett, Anton Pershin, David Beljonne, Deping Qian, Feng Gao, Giacomo Londi, Guillermo C. Bazan, Jaewon Lee, Jun Yuan, Moritz K. Riede, Richard H. Friend, Rishat Dilmurat, Seo-Jin Ko, Thuc-Quyen Nguyen, William K. Myers","submitted_at":"2020-10-21T13:10:49Z","abstract_excerpt":"The power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic solar cells (OSCs) using non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) have now reached 18%. However, this is still lower than inorganic solar cells, for which PCEs >20% are commonplace. A key reason is that OSCs still show low open-circuit voltages (Voc) relative to their optical band gaps, attributed to non-radiative recombination. For OSCs to compete with inorganics in efficiency, all non-radiative loss pathways must be identified and where possible, removed. Here, we show that in most NFA OSCs, the majority of charge recombination at open-circuit procee"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2010.10978","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2010.10978/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"p3ctM56Sk1YIiZCrry2HUz2BnPRc+NdYmUp3AkGOEmdsm4OOmHPcLV+qzWCmY4+veDUaseAvu2i2Ve5DrFmhCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T17:25:22.870562Z"},"content_sha256":"6a38b913ee2a1afc70bdf7a91bf663b67caf319c35bdd8f050e127a412462f13","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6a38b913ee2a1afc70bdf7a91bf663b67caf319c35bdd8f050e127a412462f13"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GYT4F63PNTQNQQXR7SEV22TPJR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GYT4F63PNTQNQQXR7SEV22TPJR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GYT4F63PNTQNQQXR7SEV22TPJR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-06T17:25:22Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/GYT4F63PNTQNQQXR7SEV22TPJR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/GYT4F63PNTQNQQXR7SEV22TPJR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/GYT4F63PNTQNQQXR7SEV22TPJR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GYT4F63PNTQNQQXR7SEV22TPJR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:GYT4F63PNTQNQQXR7SEV22TPJR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5d5a160d421763d5f9fdeec8c2f1867b5b739a59644d0ebfc635bdb81dee3887","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","physics.chem-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.app-ph","submitted_at":"2020-10-21T13:10:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"c1530cc5ba1ff1fc5a5bf18a0ee2b0772573dc060402a3b42c3c0b219952b487"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2010.10978","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2010.10978","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2010.10978v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2010.10978","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GYT4F63PNTQN","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GYT4F63PNTQNQQXR","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GYT4F63P","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6a38b913ee2a1afc70bdf7a91bf663b67caf319c35bdd8f050e127a412462f13","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2010.10978/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic solar cells (OSCs) using non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) have now reached 18%. However, this is still lower than inorganic solar cells, for which PCEs >20% are commonplace. A key reason is that OSCs still show low open-circuit voltages (Voc) relative to their optical band gaps, attributed to non-radiative recombination. For OSCs to compete with inorganics in efficiency, all non-radiative loss pathways must be identified and where possible, removed. Here, we show that in most NFA OSCs, the majority of charge recombination at open-circuit procee","authors_text":"Akchheta Karki, Akshay Rao, Alberto Privitera, Alexander J. Gillett, Anton Pershin, David Beljonne, Deping Qian, Feng Gao, Giacomo Londi, Guillermo C. Bazan, Jaewon Lee, Jun Yuan, Moritz K. Riede, Richard H. Friend, Rishat Dilmurat, Seo-Jin Ko, Thuc-Quyen Nguyen, William K. Myers","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","physics.chem-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.app-ph","submitted_at":"2020-10-21T13:10:49Z","title":"The role of charge recombination to spin-triplet excitons in non-fullerene acceptor organic solar cells"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2010.10978","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b49981e80b80a63dae108dc2961de995b5d1e3a51afc9a69e7dc32dd6932df6c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5d5a160d421763d5f9fdeec8c2f1867b5b739a59644d0ebfc635bdb81dee3887","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","physics.chem-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.app-ph","submitted_at":"2020-10-21T13:10:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"c1530cc5ba1ff1fc5a5bf18a0ee2b0772573dc060402a3b42c3c0b219952b487"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2010.10978","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"3627c2fb6f6ce0d842f1fc895d6a6f4c52db89e8b4afe31c85c0b782b737abfb","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3627c2fb6f6ce0d842f1fc895d6a6f4c52db89e8b4afe31c85c0b782b737abfb","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48.651211Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48.651211Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"/duGOt4/PfPDAmFc8WVImsI6YRBjM9djefGjJKIfow1QqZaODNPJdjvbe6QtKC+ghDl7eBAqZvwmRO3D7wCwDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:25:48.651618Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2010.10978","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b49981e80b80a63dae108dc2961de995b5d1e3a51afc9a69e7dc32dd6932df6c","sha256:6a38b913ee2a1afc70bdf7a91bf663b67caf319c35bdd8f050e127a412462f13"],"state_sha256":"e24faeade3bd68074e1d94b190d8f4ea452b289ef357e13d195f94c438640dca"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HvOAuvgR6kCinIebc+xCBdDc7cksD0+CioO6/diNaHikCfVRCe6a8mAOtrfye7MuQ6UZ8jgnxw81HzSKRlC3Cw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T17:25:22.872649Z","bundle_sha256":"c034800f3054b9e63d653e91d8a364894de5e3d8c2861a4b9450f47a5a74d65b"}}