{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:GZ2I5NESMS6QVZFYFNLZ2ENS4X","short_pith_number":"pith:GZ2I5NES","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.21580","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2026-05-20T18:00:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"fbd58be1b729d5c52eb497c0244d58dd9f9b2887dcb38ff3fd3043d6761a24b5","abstract_canon_sha256":"2b5781e6cb2684b3fda9f6e37946e642fc95d88d4558436c77a2d81481b10d77"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"36748eb49264bd0ae4b82b579d11b2e5d01cc465ed3f365cf54eac1862826bd1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2605.21580","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.21580","created_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.21580v1","created_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.21580","created_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GZ2I5NESMS6Q","created_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GZ2I5NESMS6QVZFY","created_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GZ2I5NES","created_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:GZ2I5NESMS6QVZFYFNLZ2ENS4X","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.21580","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2026-05-20T18:00:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"fbd58be1b729d5c52eb497c0244d58dd9f9b2887dcb38ff3fd3043d6761a24b5","abstract_canon_sha256":"2b5781e6cb2684b3fda9f6e37946e642fc95d88d4558436c77a2d81481b10d77"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"36748eb49264bd0ae4b82b579d11b2e5d01cc465ed3f365cf54eac1862826bd1","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23.630635Z","signature_b64":"zXy/aLoQwUSYSfFu56pyr4+Oal2+trLVzrLYyN8YdER467x9fIFZWC3ZwZbknzW3Qugda8dnwmjUHFZKDe3HDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"36748eb49264bd0ae4b82b579d11b2e5d01cc465ed3f365cf54eac1862826bd1","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23.629968Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23.629968Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2605.21580","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"aqXTbdCOnBWDdASP47Hq0+sh2HKGlBTSPCHSeiO399jhrzmLcsDmYpp0Fd1GdxIOgIEiPCG7We8jHpTllafNBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T00:27:26.138410Z"},"content_sha256":"992e7ec442f0d77174b03848c2ced267f95b9ea04ba052e7630428f4e15a14c5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:992e7ec442f0d77174b03848c2ced267f95b9ea04ba052e7630428f4e15a14c5"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:GZ2I5NESMS6QVZFYFNLZ2ENS4X","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Massquerade: Impacts of Mass Ratio Reversals on Binary Black Hole Merger Rates and Mass Distributions","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.SR"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Amedeo Romagnolo, Floor Broekgaarden, Kyle A. Rocha, Manasvini Komandur, Melanie Santiago, Sasha Levina, Tyler B. Smith","submitted_at":"2026-05-20T18:00:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the role of mass ratio reversal (MRR), in which the initially less massive star in a binary forms the more massive compact object, in shaping the astrophysical binary black hole (BBH) merger rate and mass distribution inferred by LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA, comparing simulation outcomes from population synthesis frameworks COMPAS and SEVN. We find that the observational imprint of MRR differs qualitatively between the two models. In COMPAS, MRR systems dominate the merger rate density at high primary masses ( $\\gtrsim$ 12 M$_\\odot$), high secondary masses ( $\\gtrsim$ 20 M$_\\odot$), and hi"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.21580","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2605.21580/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OdBMLrQJTkW0azSAoB6YLXNB0c7LjMaPWt5Kqtdvd6aqtQZ31jk8Ei/MPIOjhYVHATq1wmGKnS3TTIeEjHKoCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T00:27:26.139015Z"},"content_sha256":"62465f9e520435a73a8b24e4d6d51b36522fde12d89b7b4c8658734ffd247a55","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:62465f9e520435a73a8b24e4d6d51b36522fde12d89b7b4c8658734ffd247a55"},{"event_type":"integrity_finding","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:GZ2I5NESMS6QVZFYFNLZ2ENS4X","target":"integrity","payload":{"note":"Identifier '10.2277/0521826594' is syntactically valid but the DOI registry (doi.org) returned 404, and Crossref / OpenAlex / internal corpus also have no record. The cited work could not be located through any authoritative source.","snippet":"Formation and evolution of compact stellar X-ray sources. In: Compact stellar X-ray sources. Edited by Walter Lewin &amp; Michiel van der Klis. Cambridge Astrophysics Series, No. 39. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521","arxiv_id":"2605.21580","detector":"doi_compliance","evidence":{"doi":"10.2277/0521826594","arxiv_id":null,"ref_index":181,"raw_excerpt":"Formation and evolution of compact stellar X-ray sources. In: Compact stellar X-ray sources. Edited by Walter Lewin &amp; Michiel van der Klis. Cambridge Astrophysics Series, No. 39. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-82659-4, ISBN 0-521-82659-4, DOI: 10.2277/0521826594, 2006, p. 623 - 665 , year = \"2006\", volume =","verdict_class":"cross_source","checked_sources":["crossref_by_doi","openalex_by_doi","doi_org_head"]},"severity":"critical","ref_index":181,"audited_at":"2026-05-22T09:32:25.873277Z","event_type":"pith.integrity.v1","detected_doi":"10.2277/0521826594","detector_url":"https://pith.science/pith-integrity-protocol#doi_compliance","external_url":null,"finding_type":"unresolvable_identifier","evidence_hash":"751955992d2861ddaa3917fa84bfcdacd1cbe709dd502a3c3bfec33e0ac10a31","paper_version":1,"verdict_class":"cross_source","resolved_title":null,"detector_version":"1.0.0","detected_arxiv_id":null,"integrity_event_id":6319,"payload_sha256":"2fb4936a1335aac709d27ccfad2eb83c09a221dd2bb61c0d68c7ec318e2753e0","signature_b64":"W+gu3RuC3bXXyZ6C2EMl5kN6qFrBDpATYff7HBNo88ifuoaTU5ihvlwfpy2qYq65f4yGCscsycTpg25VJeybAw==","signing_key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-22T09:35:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0m4iidtm2q65hZH4KBVhIXBIT0EluBK9stO0K0EmQKB8Sr3ftwBxusU3y9rRave3oZi+qomzOHarhx9d6PI2BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T00:27:26.140359Z"},"content_sha256":"037bf5a798b8629b459b78137a96e0ba7d8ab508b8659a8ed7d7f2dadb118a27","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:037bf5a798b8629b459b78137a96e0ba7d8ab508b8659a8ed7d7f2dadb118a27"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GZ2I5NESMS6QVZFYFNLZ2ENS4X/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GZ2I5NESMS6QVZFYFNLZ2ENS4X/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GZ2I5NESMS6QVZFYFNLZ2ENS4X/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-23T00:27:26Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/GZ2I5NESMS6QVZFYFNLZ2ENS4X","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/GZ2I5NESMS6QVZFYFNLZ2ENS4X/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/GZ2I5NESMS6QVZFYFNLZ2ENS4X/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GZ2I5NESMS6QVZFYFNLZ2ENS4X/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:GZ2I5NESMS6QVZFYFNLZ2ENS4X","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":3,"valid_event_count":3,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2b5781e6cb2684b3fda9f6e37946e642fc95d88d4558436c77a2d81481b10d77","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2026-05-20T18:00:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"fbd58be1b729d5c52eb497c0244d58dd9f9b2887dcb38ff3fd3043d6761a24b5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.21580","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.21580","created_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.21580v1","created_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.21580","created_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GZ2I5NESMS6Q","created_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GZ2I5NESMS6QVZFY","created_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GZ2I5NES","created_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:62465f9e520435a73a8b24e4d6d51b36522fde12d89b7b4c8658734ffd247a55","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2605.21580/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the role of mass ratio reversal (MRR), in which the initially less massive star in a binary forms the more massive compact object, in shaping the astrophysical binary black hole (BBH) merger rate and mass distribution inferred by LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA, comparing simulation outcomes from population synthesis frameworks COMPAS and SEVN. We find that the observational imprint of MRR differs qualitatively between the two models. In COMPAS, MRR systems dominate the merger rate density at high primary masses ( $\\gtrsim$ 12 M$_\\odot$), high secondary masses ( $\\gtrsim$ 20 M$_\\odot$), and hi","authors_text":"Amedeo Romagnolo, Floor Broekgaarden, Kyle A. Rocha, Manasvini Komandur, Melanie Santiago, Sasha Levina, Tyler B. Smith","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.SR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2026-05-20T18:00:01Z","title":"Massquerade: Impacts of Mass Ratio Reversals on Binary Black Hole Merger Rates and Mass Distributions"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.21580","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:992e7ec442f0d77174b03848c2ced267f95b9ea04ba052e7630428f4e15a14c5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2b5781e6cb2684b3fda9f6e37946e642fc95d88d4558436c77a2d81481b10d77","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2026-05-20T18:00:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"fbd58be1b729d5c52eb497c0244d58dd9f9b2887dcb38ff3fd3043d6761a24b5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.21580","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"36748eb49264bd0ae4b82b579d11b2e5d01cc465ed3f365cf54eac1862826bd1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"36748eb49264bd0ae4b82b579d11b2e5d01cc465ed3f365cf54eac1862826bd1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23.629968Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23.629968Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"zXy/aLoQwUSYSfFu56pyr4+Oal2+trLVzrLYyN8YdER467x9fIFZWC3ZwZbknzW3Qugda8dnwmjUHFZKDe3HDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-22T01:03:23.630635Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2605.21580","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:992e7ec442f0d77174b03848c2ced267f95b9ea04ba052e7630428f4e15a14c5","sha256:62465f9e520435a73a8b24e4d6d51b36522fde12d89b7b4c8658734ffd247a55","sha256:037bf5a798b8629b459b78137a96e0ba7d8ab508b8659a8ed7d7f2dadb118a27"],"state_sha256":"efc5b8afc5df5128eeaefef8c34217d15823570b85093fde99d2f16b2d727fd9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eZVdoW7F6VioG87QuNGuEguBdAFng41oxMhfRnL7oVGjmHREQq/PjS2TCYnSxC0GtAGHEaWAw7/BfHQR7C6MAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T00:27:26.143417Z","bundle_sha256":"076753df3d8810253eb2d730c6fe6bd981171041839e0565de841e0a45666155"}}