{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:GZ5H5WSGGUNVOBIUINHS5UZRJA","short_pith_number":"pith:GZ5H5WSG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2304.07202","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2023-04-14T15:29:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"44d6925cd5123dd4c0e198e64b6666d412aadcaf5979ff3970f673598fc6e687","abstract_canon_sha256":"605c917606d44aaaa4c0f89a3cc9cc5eb4506a232ab6da10b72d4d7fee74a91f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"367a7eda46351b570514434f2ed3314813445b1ec4d3d1557df70253fcbe5b0a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2304.07202","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2304.07202","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2304.07202v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2304.07202","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GZ5H5WSGGUNV","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GZ5H5WSGGUNVOBIU","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GZ5H5WSG","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:GZ5H5WSGGUNVOBIUINHS5UZRJA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2304.07202","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2023-04-14T15:29:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"44d6925cd5123dd4c0e198e64b6666d412aadcaf5979ff3970f673598fc6e687","abstract_canon_sha256":"605c917606d44aaaa4c0f89a3cc9cc5eb4506a232ab6da10b72d4d7fee74a91f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"367a7eda46351b570514434f2ed3314813445b1ec4d3d1557df70253fcbe5b0a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12.282332Z","signature_b64":"lAVeN6rHW8RNO7MAL1NbKsqX4M/3eSs5FiMBMOjpmCfovW/HZSQBg1/EiHKfk+JKDl5sgFT6PY3C5zxg+I9pCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"367a7eda46351b570514434f2ed3314813445b1ec4d3d1557df70253fcbe5b0a","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12.281933Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12.281933Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2304.07202","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mRGueUWGfLaydlkt3Z8kmXD746dPLsJ7pnRtNTqpoJRs30yYwLORBPTw7PE3Qc6TXUu9SQfPwY8o3KXZDbmGCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T15:06:04.326894Z"},"content_sha256":"b70aa7c6665f3eab6a895ee0e06af249d4c0aa81432b6eb5e9160b1f5894598f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b70aa7c6665f3eab6a895ee0e06af249d4c0aa81432b6eb5e9160b1f5894598f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:GZ5H5WSGGUNVOBIUINHS5UZRJA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Scalar transport and nucleation in quasi-two-dimensional starting jets and puffs","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Detlef Lohse, Sander G. Huisman, You-An Lee","submitted_at":"2023-04-14T15:29:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"We experimentally investigate the early-stage scalar mixing and transport with solvent exchange in quasi-2D jets. We inject an ethanol/oil mixture upward into quiescent water, forming quasi-2D turbulent buoyant jets and triggering the ouzo effect with initial Reynolds numbers, Re_0=420, 840, and 1680. We study starting jets with continuous injection and puffs with finite volume injection. While both modes start with the jet stage, the puff exhibits different characteristics in transport, entrainment, mixing, and nucleation.\n  For the starting jets, the total nucleated mass from the ouzo mixtur"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2304.07202","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2304.07202/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7GPG9hwIIgpWwp3VCPeIBcnAlt3Q6UsxTXOSLGJB6fIfGTcJyxM+mXB/eDr5IumVZXtmXJwbaBp8zGoSVv7pAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T15:06:04.327598Z"},"content_sha256":"e914a0ddfc9e41fab0a8123e8f6384aa012f44f808ac299e37e7030d2bfc8376","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e914a0ddfc9e41fab0a8123e8f6384aa012f44f808ac299e37e7030d2bfc8376"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GZ5H5WSGGUNVOBIUINHS5UZRJA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GZ5H5WSGGUNVOBIUINHS5UZRJA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GZ5H5WSGGUNVOBIUINHS5UZRJA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-06T15:06:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/GZ5H5WSGGUNVOBIUINHS5UZRJA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/GZ5H5WSGGUNVOBIUINHS5UZRJA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/GZ5H5WSGGUNVOBIUINHS5UZRJA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GZ5H5WSGGUNVOBIUINHS5UZRJA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:GZ5H5WSGGUNVOBIUINHS5UZRJA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"605c917606d44aaaa4c0f89a3cc9cc5eb4506a232ab6da10b72d4d7fee74a91f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2023-04-14T15:29:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"44d6925cd5123dd4c0e198e64b6666d412aadcaf5979ff3970f673598fc6e687"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2304.07202","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2304.07202","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2304.07202v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2304.07202","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GZ5H5WSGGUNV","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GZ5H5WSGGUNVOBIU","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GZ5H5WSG","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e914a0ddfc9e41fab0a8123e8f6384aa012f44f808ac299e37e7030d2bfc8376","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2304.07202/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We experimentally investigate the early-stage scalar mixing and transport with solvent exchange in quasi-2D jets. We inject an ethanol/oil mixture upward into quiescent water, forming quasi-2D turbulent buoyant jets and triggering the ouzo effect with initial Reynolds numbers, Re_0=420, 840, and 1680. We study starting jets with continuous injection and puffs with finite volume injection. While both modes start with the jet stage, the puff exhibits different characteristics in transport, entrainment, mixing, and nucleation.\n  For the starting jets, the total nucleated mass from the ouzo mixtur","authors_text":"Detlef Lohse, Sander G. Huisman, You-An Lee","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2023-04-14T15:29:04Z","title":"Scalar transport and nucleation in quasi-two-dimensional starting jets and puffs"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2304.07202","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b70aa7c6665f3eab6a895ee0e06af249d4c0aa81432b6eb5e9160b1f5894598f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"605c917606d44aaaa4c0f89a3cc9cc5eb4506a232ab6da10b72d4d7fee74a91f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2023-04-14T15:29:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"44d6925cd5123dd4c0e198e64b6666d412aadcaf5979ff3970f673598fc6e687"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2304.07202","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"367a7eda46351b570514434f2ed3314813445b1ec4d3d1557df70253fcbe5b0a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"367a7eda46351b570514434f2ed3314813445b1ec4d3d1557df70253fcbe5b0a","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12.281933Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12.281933Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"lAVeN6rHW8RNO7MAL1NbKsqX4M/3eSs5FiMBMOjpmCfovW/HZSQBg1/EiHKfk+JKDl5sgFT6PY3C5zxg+I9pCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:03:12.282332Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2304.07202","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b70aa7c6665f3eab6a895ee0e06af249d4c0aa81432b6eb5e9160b1f5894598f","sha256:e914a0ddfc9e41fab0a8123e8f6384aa012f44f808ac299e37e7030d2bfc8376"],"state_sha256":"ee3641b0e80c0e8b49fba671b3e6ffbbe06a6c18e3b9dfb427df0ddb1a57b248"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PO9sIewHhGljqS/rZ9LuLMd7sX4seWVgwOLjUP2Urvx1t9owIyx/xqLedRtXr3SLabjcbSQRanEd3NbSRJrxDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T15:06:04.333296Z","bundle_sha256":"35e8283c053885de16f39f0291bd49b12d3d96080351fa782105a9e32cc4d146"}}