{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:GZAGAWPCHUPLX2PH3Z4R76CP4X","short_pith_number":"pith:GZAGAWPC","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1605.01463","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.AP","submitted_at":"2016-05-05T00:27:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.plasm-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"a1697d70ca4eb4aa3c52a38809aeb67d52c8fddbef095488ba1c0bdb59c673f1","abstract_canon_sha256":"444e75e5ca4e9ab576b23c7bdd1e2eaad50574bcf36b1b5394a7af8036e6f4a6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"36406059e23d1ebbe9e7de791ff84fe5d15167b5b8fcb02c1ed40ae0b5ddabe2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1605.01463","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1605.01463","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1605.01463v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1605.01463","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GZAGAWPCHUPL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GZAGAWPCHUPLX2PH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GZAGAWPC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:GZAGAWPCHUPLX2PH3Z4R76CP4X","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1605.01463","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.AP","submitted_at":"2016-05-05T00:27:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.plasm-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"a1697d70ca4eb4aa3c52a38809aeb67d52c8fddbef095488ba1c0bdb59c673f1","abstract_canon_sha256":"444e75e5ca4e9ab576b23c7bdd1e2eaad50574bcf36b1b5394a7af8036e6f4a6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"36406059e23d1ebbe9e7de791ff84fe5d15167b5b8fcb02c1ed40ae0b5ddabe2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:49.511136Z","signature_b64":"HJgK2c6g2DxIfIV/4Nk/dqPH/bO5XwvwvOQuFTlyBDH+GD/m4aIH+FTrFlKeFhS2iwdoMOT4BYMZLC0HDIfpBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"36406059e23d1ebbe9e7de791ff84fe5d15167b5b8fcb02c1ed40ae0b5ddabe2","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:49.510520Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:49.510520Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1605.01463","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wWEQt0QMQl9iMVdh/MdLyVTE+sp7yoxUTUWw3ibMP4jAAzNA+9JN/koLXK4CeF0AqTipOpnBlrkSLYd4RLynBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T04:20:19.719921Z"},"content_sha256":"60d6c7b027c0b6e5ea5302dbf553d1b9a0934673771493c0f0cdb5e66fa65741","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:60d6c7b027c0b6e5ea5302dbf553d1b9a0934673771493c0f0cdb5e66fa65741"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:GZAGAWPCHUPLX2PH3Z4R76CP4X","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The existence of stable BGK waves","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.plasm-ph"],"primary_cat":"math.AP","authors_text":"Yan Guo, Zhiwu Lin","submitted_at":"2016-05-05T00:27:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"The 1D Vlasov-Poisson system is the simplest kinetic model for describing an electrostatic collisonless plasma, and the BGK waves are its famous exact steady solutions. They play an important role on the long time dynamics of a collisionless plasma as potential \"final states\" or \"attractors\", thanks to many numerical simulations and observations. Despite their importance, the existence of stable BGK waves has been an open problem since their discovery in 1958. In this paper, first linearly stable BGK waves are constructed near homogeneous states."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1605.01463","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wCGGNIjEwoIybbuoHXAW3Qn6N7abnKVH3u5/0tfp3jFm5ZlN96jGr/tjSQ9/wzEsJLijNtOk9vqtxD0dbIm4CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T04:20:19.720266Z"},"content_sha256":"29ba339db01d15d6d9957760a2be3b0d14919bc4c764dbe3b31f5cea315d14e7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:29ba339db01d15d6d9957760a2be3b0d14919bc4c764dbe3b31f5cea315d14e7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GZAGAWPCHUPLX2PH3Z4R76CP4X/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GZAGAWPCHUPLX2PH3Z4R76CP4X/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GZAGAWPCHUPLX2PH3Z4R76CP4X/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T04:20:19Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/GZAGAWPCHUPLX2PH3Z4R76CP4X","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/GZAGAWPCHUPLX2PH3Z4R76CP4X/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/GZAGAWPCHUPLX2PH3Z4R76CP4X/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GZAGAWPCHUPLX2PH3Z4R76CP4X/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:GZAGAWPCHUPLX2PH3Z4R76CP4X","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"444e75e5ca4e9ab576b23c7bdd1e2eaad50574bcf36b1b5394a7af8036e6f4a6","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.plasm-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.AP","submitted_at":"2016-05-05T00:27:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"a1697d70ca4eb4aa3c52a38809aeb67d52c8fddbef095488ba1c0bdb59c673f1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1605.01463","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1605.01463","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1605.01463v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1605.01463","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GZAGAWPCHUPL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GZAGAWPCHUPLX2PH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GZAGAWPC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:19Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:29ba339db01d15d6d9957760a2be3b0d14919bc4c764dbe3b31f5cea315d14e7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The 1D Vlasov-Poisson system is the simplest kinetic model for describing an electrostatic collisonless plasma, and the BGK waves are its famous exact steady solutions. They play an important role on the long time dynamics of a collisionless plasma as potential \"final states\" or \"attractors\", thanks to many numerical simulations and observations. Despite their importance, the existence of stable BGK waves has been an open problem since their discovery in 1958. In this paper, first linearly stable BGK waves are constructed near homogeneous states.","authors_text":"Yan Guo, Zhiwu Lin","cross_cats":["physics.plasm-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.AP","submitted_at":"2016-05-05T00:27:27Z","title":"The existence of stable BGK waves"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1605.01463","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:60d6c7b027c0b6e5ea5302dbf553d1b9a0934673771493c0f0cdb5e66fa65741","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"444e75e5ca4e9ab576b23c7bdd1e2eaad50574bcf36b1b5394a7af8036e6f4a6","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.plasm-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.AP","submitted_at":"2016-05-05T00:27:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"a1697d70ca4eb4aa3c52a38809aeb67d52c8fddbef095488ba1c0bdb59c673f1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1605.01463","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"36406059e23d1ebbe9e7de791ff84fe5d15167b5b8fcb02c1ed40ae0b5ddabe2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"36406059e23d1ebbe9e7de791ff84fe5d15167b5b8fcb02c1ed40ae0b5ddabe2","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:49.510520Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:49.510520Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"HJgK2c6g2DxIfIV/4Nk/dqPH/bO5XwvwvOQuFTlyBDH+GD/m4aIH+FTrFlKeFhS2iwdoMOT4BYMZLC0HDIfpBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:49.511136Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1605.01463","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:60d6c7b027c0b6e5ea5302dbf553d1b9a0934673771493c0f0cdb5e66fa65741","sha256:29ba339db01d15d6d9957760a2be3b0d14919bc4c764dbe3b31f5cea315d14e7"],"state_sha256":"1fb4846838025519be0f52108e1b6cb5152cce6e52bb50013dd98c9954dea35f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"J82OQQz1Snfyi/aLmSQA1tJeYCd4z45FhqgInrOZGap5qRPtSJzA30yWROTd2Xabpva8oLZr3EPxeTHE8PHxDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T04:20:19.722258Z","bundle_sha256":"c4bbd8a525ebee80ef011599d8b6a9d31bbe9c7059e77f3651432399b582ea80"}}