{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:GZAYJOTYI3B3GN5WOHBZVWJ5RL","short_pith_number":"pith:GZAYJOTY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2407.15926","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2024-07-22T18:00:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"91ceddf731c43c02b124f98bc32a6bcc5ea09400e6b081410ce64ec72601c5f6","abstract_canon_sha256":"1c61afdd6b67cfc0ab4541550a478c9fcfc841165523b897a2abd1ebc1fe82f1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"364184ba7846c3b337b671c39ad93d8ad18a494f7204963668b2b2bd75525c2f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2407.15926","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2407.15926","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2407.15926v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2407.15926","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GZAYJOTYI3B3","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GZAYJOTYI3B3GN5W","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GZAYJOTY","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:GZAYJOTYI3B3GN5WOHBZVWJ5RL","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2407.15926","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2024-07-22T18:00:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"91ceddf731c43c02b124f98bc32a6bcc5ea09400e6b081410ce64ec72601c5f6","abstract_canon_sha256":"1c61afdd6b67cfc0ab4541550a478c9fcfc841165523b897a2abd1ebc1fe82f1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"364184ba7846c3b337b671c39ad93d8ad18a494f7204963668b2b2bd75525c2f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56.126789Z","signature_b64":"KKZquL4Hc1uc2c7K4i+aJVj3CrjgWA/yDyY2dLYpXKSkGzeJCTge7b4ehc8TkVuaf3oRoxJzbepEpqHHBIwOBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"364184ba7846c3b337b671c39ad93d8ad18a494f7204963668b2b2bd75525c2f","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56.126237Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56.126237Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2407.15926","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"s8VtrPlxmZO4rowDQtbLDFytHHG+w1LbjFg26eFXPJDA/Xoc5caNh6LMS3XUAO+eWGoqeYlQ2UNfCPQX+EcUDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-20T08:20:01.748288Z"},"content_sha256":"5e8dd67b018b575d774b5223e8670e223f8316a4e119ca3c4492f04c480e3091","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5e8dd67b018b575d774b5223e8670e223f8316a4e119ca3c4492f04c480e3091"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:GZAYJOTYI3B3GN5WOHBZVWJ5RL","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Thermalization and hotspot formation around small primordial black holes","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Kazunori Kohri, Kyohei Mukaida, Masaki Yamada, Minxi He","submitted_at":"2024-07-22T18:00:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"We quantitatively analyze a basic question: what is the stationary solution of the background plasma temperature profile around a black hole (BH)? One may naively expect that the temperature profile continuously decreases from the Hawking temperature at the surface of the BH towards an outer region. We show analytically and numerically that this is not the case because local thermal equilibrium cannot be maintained near the surface of the BH and also because the high-energy particles emitted from Hawking radiation cannot be instantaneously thermalized into the background plasma. The temperatur"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2407.15926","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2407.15926/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ScexbA0QVZeLvemeX76YNCB2cF4NYs9ag8NKH8fowXttYrpK/Zdg9gM9+zX9YhDY7Krt3YJ1ZEOnM7lNQj36BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-20T08:20:01.748667Z"},"content_sha256":"c565c46ce844c0c2e80d5c58e6643401d37418981f7646f959232feb60486bd7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c565c46ce844c0c2e80d5c58e6643401d37418981f7646f959232feb60486bd7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GZAYJOTYI3B3GN5WOHBZVWJ5RL/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GZAYJOTYI3B3GN5WOHBZVWJ5RL/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GZAYJOTYI3B3GN5WOHBZVWJ5RL/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-20T08:20:01Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/GZAYJOTYI3B3GN5WOHBZVWJ5RL","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/GZAYJOTYI3B3GN5WOHBZVWJ5RL/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/GZAYJOTYI3B3GN5WOHBZVWJ5RL/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GZAYJOTYI3B3GN5WOHBZVWJ5RL/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:GZAYJOTYI3B3GN5WOHBZVWJ5RL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1c61afdd6b67cfc0ab4541550a478c9fcfc841165523b897a2abd1ebc1fe82f1","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2024-07-22T18:00:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"91ceddf731c43c02b124f98bc32a6bcc5ea09400e6b081410ce64ec72601c5f6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2407.15926","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2407.15926","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2407.15926v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2407.15926","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GZAYJOTYI3B3","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GZAYJOTYI3B3GN5W","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GZAYJOTY","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c565c46ce844c0c2e80d5c58e6643401d37418981f7646f959232feb60486bd7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2407.15926/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We quantitatively analyze a basic question: what is the stationary solution of the background plasma temperature profile around a black hole (BH)? One may naively expect that the temperature profile continuously decreases from the Hawking temperature at the surface of the BH towards an outer region. We show analytically and numerically that this is not the case because local thermal equilibrium cannot be maintained near the surface of the BH and also because the high-energy particles emitted from Hawking radiation cannot be instantaneously thermalized into the background plasma. The temperatur","authors_text":"Kazunori Kohri, Kyohei Mukaida, Masaki Yamada, Minxi He","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2024-07-22T18:00:01Z","title":"Thermalization and hotspot formation around small primordial black holes"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2407.15926","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5e8dd67b018b575d774b5223e8670e223f8316a4e119ca3c4492f04c480e3091","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1c61afdd6b67cfc0ab4541550a478c9fcfc841165523b897a2abd1ebc1fe82f1","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2024-07-22T18:00:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"91ceddf731c43c02b124f98bc32a6bcc5ea09400e6b081410ce64ec72601c5f6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2407.15926","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"364184ba7846c3b337b671c39ad93d8ad18a494f7204963668b2b2bd75525c2f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"364184ba7846c3b337b671c39ad93d8ad18a494f7204963668b2b2bd75525c2f","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56.126237Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56.126237Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"KKZquL4Hc1uc2c7K4i+aJVj3CrjgWA/yDyY2dLYpXKSkGzeJCTge7b4ehc8TkVuaf3oRoxJzbepEpqHHBIwOBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:47:56.126789Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2407.15926","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5e8dd67b018b575d774b5223e8670e223f8316a4e119ca3c4492f04c480e3091","sha256:c565c46ce844c0c2e80d5c58e6643401d37418981f7646f959232feb60486bd7"],"state_sha256":"67ff1721f2c600e89369ca03fe739b2e00f7a02197a73c1adb9fb1a128f3133d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jrwJMWJ7js0/g7WbIl6/74ugGDjD78mwgp2M6Bcy5aXooQMHr8vMUnQfWBhOsVdsEQ6Nwk4ag+u4IQFbGFhCAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-20T08:20:01.751069Z","bundle_sha256":"5f8d33f3d7169ec1a7c3d0a258d766eab43e5245cd7e9334bbb0eead363e162d"}}