{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:H2QKGLQFGYW54UQRMDPIZORZAI","short_pith_number":"pith:H2QKGLQF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1111.3753","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2011-11-16T10:20:46Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b87d10905c67cab05b2f024ffda14c4a043bb9e250504bebfdf0849cb0fc683f","abstract_canon_sha256":"191e6e48c06c070977217783da1749c78eb479906a2e054b29b8165c8339aa81"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3ea0a32e05362dde521160de8cba39021d4a56a6b62953c428ca0e2b7ac41b80","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1111.3753","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1111.3753","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1111.3753v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1111.3753","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"H2QKGLQFGYW5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"H2QKGLQFGYW54UQR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"H2QKGLQF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:30Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:H2QKGLQFGYW54UQRMDPIZORZAI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1111.3753","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2011-11-16T10:20:46Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b87d10905c67cab05b2f024ffda14c4a043bb9e250504bebfdf0849cb0fc683f","abstract_canon_sha256":"191e6e48c06c070977217783da1749c78eb479906a2e054b29b8165c8339aa81"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3ea0a32e05362dde521160de8cba39021d4a56a6b62953c428ca0e2b7ac41b80","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:13.131817Z","signature_b64":"QG9zKLATWJr/RBKUMsLnEcX0eIFm86WQI66dHf+biLWl9vM7EaeFb3tVA+2Ku5P+rMWuwk5lnqcJANlQ7Jd2CA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3ea0a32e05362dde521160de8cba39021d4a56a6b62953c428ca0e2b7ac41b80","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:13.131180Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:13.131180Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1111.3753","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Dl82ZEVkKejyoA/K+CpX9fp3r8Sv57D6i7sAHYD6aPyWg/UK1xJzAvtjLtKu16az7UjWP1Tl4dhbbqSuHjFJCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T10:38:42.645146Z"},"content_sha256":"3389cdf31db44d8969c4016b09cade31d13994149184e6667ca2c72170fb0059","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3389cdf31db44d8969c4016b09cade31d13994149184e6667ca2c72170fb0059"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:H2QKGLQFGYW54UQRMDPIZORZAI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"CompChall: Addressing Password Guessing Attacks","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Ajith Abraham, Mayank Singh, Sugata Sanyal, Vipul Goyal, Virendra Kumar","submitted_at":"2011-11-16T10:20:46Z","abstract_excerpt":"Even though passwords are the most convenient means of authentication, they bring along themselves the threat of dictionary attacks. Dictionary attacks may be of two kinds: online and offline. While offline dictionary attacks are possible only if the adversary is able to collect data for a successful protocol execution by eavesdropping on the communication channel and can be successfully countered using public key cryptography, online dictionary attacks can be performed by anyone and there is no satisfactory solution to counter them. This paper presents a new authentication protocol which is c"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1111.3753","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"lGopY7jWpqpD0cWuZryyaa2lmJKOenJMurl7PO3xQaQ99kbybbcWCRhdrgXpdXraXSOPQAKBhaf7ICPJh1tPCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T10:38:42.645923Z"},"content_sha256":"e7f817b98beacae4ac70f952cf13f7e7486219a92392a79dbf6fadd44bb56dc2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e7f817b98beacae4ac70f952cf13f7e7486219a92392a79dbf6fadd44bb56dc2"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/H2QKGLQFGYW54UQRMDPIZORZAI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/H2QKGLQFGYW54UQRMDPIZORZAI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/H2QKGLQFGYW54UQRMDPIZORZAI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T10:38:42Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/H2QKGLQFGYW54UQRMDPIZORZAI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/H2QKGLQFGYW54UQRMDPIZORZAI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/H2QKGLQFGYW54UQRMDPIZORZAI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/H2QKGLQFGYW54UQRMDPIZORZAI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:H2QKGLQFGYW54UQRMDPIZORZAI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"191e6e48c06c070977217783da1749c78eb479906a2e054b29b8165c8339aa81","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2011-11-16T10:20:46Z","title_canon_sha256":"b87d10905c67cab05b2f024ffda14c4a043bb9e250504bebfdf0849cb0fc683f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1111.3753","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1111.3753","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1111.3753v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1111.3753","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"H2QKGLQFGYW5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"H2QKGLQFGYW54UQR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"H2QKGLQF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:30Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e7f817b98beacae4ac70f952cf13f7e7486219a92392a79dbf6fadd44bb56dc2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Even though passwords are the most convenient means of authentication, they bring along themselves the threat of dictionary attacks. Dictionary attacks may be of two kinds: online and offline. While offline dictionary attacks are possible only if the adversary is able to collect data for a successful protocol execution by eavesdropping on the communication channel and can be successfully countered using public key cryptography, online dictionary attacks can be performed by anyone and there is no satisfactory solution to counter them. This paper presents a new authentication protocol which is c","authors_text":"Ajith Abraham, Mayank Singh, Sugata Sanyal, Vipul Goyal, Virendra Kumar","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2011-11-16T10:20:46Z","title":"CompChall: Addressing Password Guessing Attacks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1111.3753","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3389cdf31db44d8969c4016b09cade31d13994149184e6667ca2c72170fb0059","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"191e6e48c06c070977217783da1749c78eb479906a2e054b29b8165c8339aa81","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2011-11-16T10:20:46Z","title_canon_sha256":"b87d10905c67cab05b2f024ffda14c4a043bb9e250504bebfdf0849cb0fc683f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1111.3753","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"3ea0a32e05362dde521160de8cba39021d4a56a6b62953c428ca0e2b7ac41b80","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3ea0a32e05362dde521160de8cba39021d4a56a6b62953c428ca0e2b7ac41b80","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:13.131180Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:13.131180Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"QG9zKLATWJr/RBKUMsLnEcX0eIFm86WQI66dHf+biLWl9vM7EaeFb3tVA+2Ku5P+rMWuwk5lnqcJANlQ7Jd2CA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:13.131817Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1111.3753","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3389cdf31db44d8969c4016b09cade31d13994149184e6667ca2c72170fb0059","sha256:e7f817b98beacae4ac70f952cf13f7e7486219a92392a79dbf6fadd44bb56dc2"],"state_sha256":"15a908e5b855c134d6f4c79323eb92d65ac529e3487ff8272fcd015ad9ca6858"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ccdS1OF0Rcf1olvr8tTF8k7VAPXzGkNu4xTAqvWFUQHFu9CBgWYlozs/F+sCowEu2uwxoAkkOxI8bLUsvo68DQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T10:38:42.649138Z","bundle_sha256":"bc87a08d5b6127c9085649ad4852d1e65e4953f123f8386298fc6666fb4ade6b"}}