{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:H2QVRDCVTM3KXKBWZNYZ5K47OH","short_pith_number":"pith:H2QVRDCV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2507.08425","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-07-11T09:11:18Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"39880c5560c1b53cd541de533c114fa372bfbf4de49eef47d82635a41e65b3c7","abstract_canon_sha256":"4d2229ad1dd7764a0a44fd8c2f5a643599ce8e4e9be0a72b075196861af04a46"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3ea1588c559b36aba836cb719eab9f71c0c29d88287cd74633d56dda8dbc9b3a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2507.08425","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2507.08425","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2507.08425v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2507.08425","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"H2QVRDCVTM3K","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"H2QVRDCVTM3KXKBW","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"H2QVRDCV","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:H2QVRDCVTM3KXKBWZNYZ5K47OH","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2507.08425","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-07-11T09:11:18Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"39880c5560c1b53cd541de533c114fa372bfbf4de49eef47d82635a41e65b3c7","abstract_canon_sha256":"4d2229ad1dd7764a0a44fd8c2f5a643599ce8e4e9be0a72b075196861af04a46"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3ea1588c559b36aba836cb719eab9f71c0c29d88287cd74633d56dda8dbc9b3a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37.874917Z","signature_b64":"tk2qv+W3fyOFxFmGISgH8JD1464dCXWgY0iGiSyhmhnVln15XNkSfYl3xZz0nqnDADWzp8ur+HX+DL3riMPJDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3ea1588c559b36aba836cb719eab9f71c0c29d88287cd74633d56dda8dbc9b3a","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37.874465Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37.874465Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2507.08425","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OSISkC6tWuZSC3MJKdFfgJUatO9tRn5XONyncD4hN8wZIm1keWGNProYCZE6MgOvUghzminhBJr1Wv5hLOxaBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T09:09:28.025574Z"},"content_sha256":"173bd916022284a05fa8d59c513fddd386339b52a7adfda66ff7d3afcd4445b8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:173bd916022284a05fa8d59c513fddd386339b52a7adfda66ff7d3afcd4445b8"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:H2QVRDCVTM3KXKBWZNYZ5K47OH","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Survey of Large Language Models in Discipline-specific Research: Challenges, Methods and Opportunities","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Chengqing Zong, Lu Xiang, Yang Zhao, Yaping Zhang","submitted_at":"2025-07-11T09:11:18Z","abstract_excerpt":"Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their transformative potential across numerous disciplinary studies, reshaping the existing research methodologies and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration. However, a systematic understanding of their integration into diverse disciplines remains underexplored. This survey paper provides a comprehensive overview of the application of LLMs in interdisciplinary studies, categorising research efforts from both a technical perspective and with regard to their applicability. From a technical standpoint, key methodologies such as supervised fine-tu"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2507.08425","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2507.08425/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZVrvyw4bmS8FVow2rYQg8lzo8G83nby9MCs3sExdRUDc0mi1TjD5NbNXrAJfGeG+5um14UIYVDslws0X4HLGCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T09:09:28.028194Z"},"content_sha256":"7aa805b71864e4534c264f9bb262db2a2de0633a016357e73e284330270b3106","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7aa805b71864e4534c264f9bb262db2a2de0633a016357e73e284330270b3106"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/H2QVRDCVTM3KXKBWZNYZ5K47OH/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/H2QVRDCVTM3KXKBWZNYZ5K47OH/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/H2QVRDCVTM3KXKBWZNYZ5K47OH/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-03T09:09:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/H2QVRDCVTM3KXKBWZNYZ5K47OH","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/H2QVRDCVTM3KXKBWZNYZ5K47OH/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/H2QVRDCVTM3KXKBWZNYZ5K47OH/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/H2QVRDCVTM3KXKBWZNYZ5K47OH/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:H2QVRDCVTM3KXKBWZNYZ5K47OH","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4d2229ad1dd7764a0a44fd8c2f5a643599ce8e4e9be0a72b075196861af04a46","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-07-11T09:11:18Z","title_canon_sha256":"39880c5560c1b53cd541de533c114fa372bfbf4de49eef47d82635a41e65b3c7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2507.08425","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2507.08425","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2507.08425v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2507.08425","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"H2QVRDCVTM3K","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"H2QVRDCVTM3KXKBW","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"H2QVRDCV","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7aa805b71864e4534c264f9bb262db2a2de0633a016357e73e284330270b3106","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2507.08425/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their transformative potential across numerous disciplinary studies, reshaping the existing research methodologies and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration. However, a systematic understanding of their integration into diverse disciplines remains underexplored. This survey paper provides a comprehensive overview of the application of LLMs in interdisciplinary studies, categorising research efforts from both a technical perspective and with regard to their applicability. From a technical standpoint, key methodologies such as supervised fine-tu","authors_text":"Chengqing Zong, Lu Xiang, Yang Zhao, Yaping Zhang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-07-11T09:11:18Z","title":"A Survey of Large Language Models in Discipline-specific Research: Challenges, Methods and Opportunities"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2507.08425","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:173bd916022284a05fa8d59c513fddd386339b52a7adfda66ff7d3afcd4445b8","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4d2229ad1dd7764a0a44fd8c2f5a643599ce8e4e9be0a72b075196861af04a46","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-07-11T09:11:18Z","title_canon_sha256":"39880c5560c1b53cd541de533c114fa372bfbf4de49eef47d82635a41e65b3c7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2507.08425","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"3ea1588c559b36aba836cb719eab9f71c0c29d88287cd74633d56dda8dbc9b3a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3ea1588c559b36aba836cb719eab9f71c0c29d88287cd74633d56dda8dbc9b3a","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37.874465Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37.874465Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"tk2qv+W3fyOFxFmGISgH8JD1464dCXWgY0iGiSyhmhnVln15XNkSfYl3xZz0nqnDADWzp8ur+HX+DL3riMPJDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:37.874917Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2507.08425","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:173bd916022284a05fa8d59c513fddd386339b52a7adfda66ff7d3afcd4445b8","sha256:7aa805b71864e4534c264f9bb262db2a2de0633a016357e73e284330270b3106"],"state_sha256":"7b7e5c169c9ff81d75c360ea2f0b564acd7b923bc6d96dcebad0c0d442f1f89c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"A2ZYGimZm3EZE0YYOWXqgVb5YGhqzTxdnK9drq5UG7EEkKKYybnORgZ6FBVyC6sPy+01xbd4cJdDd6QS7FCEBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T09:09:28.036674Z","bundle_sha256":"fe45f7911021781fd4ff881de4a4c2d170d20880a38043ae642dac1766c1ae7e"}}