{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:H3NTX6AEM4T4KGMMUK2QYIRX7D","short_pith_number":"pith:H3NTX6AE","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1205.0548","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-05-02T20:00:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"cbab2468eb7026953f269ca18be5add869b97e6942b9c4a23101a6defce99888","abstract_canon_sha256":"7a9d55c8d9f0f40505700b5966ed4465155b4689603b770f6a220d65156be7a4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3edb3bf8046727c5198ca2b50c2237f8f8c771d2c91240b1f38e10b65e3a2cba","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1205.0548","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1205.0548","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1205.0548v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1205.0548","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"H3NTX6AEM4T4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"H3NTX6AEM4T4KGMM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"H3NTX6AE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:H3NTX6AEM4T4KGMMUK2QYIRX7D","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1205.0548","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-05-02T20:00:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"cbab2468eb7026953f269ca18be5add869b97e6942b9c4a23101a6defce99888","abstract_canon_sha256":"7a9d55c8d9f0f40505700b5966ed4465155b4689603b770f6a220d65156be7a4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3edb3bf8046727c5198ca2b50c2237f8f8c771d2c91240b1f38e10b65e3a2cba","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:33.655548Z","signature_b64":"hc35rEqGY8D6r5Nau48bkdfd40a2ZUWIDtY8U81KSNRQ3ICmAEI+2865l88T6hbJTGFrQtMrd7qHH2SqaBBrCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3edb3bf8046727c5198ca2b50c2237f8f8c771d2c91240b1f38e10b65e3a2cba","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:33.655138Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:33.655138Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1205.0548","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Q6nri2/bJXbShasQnytOHWE2cL5jkcQFqNYugj7+J92dSlSLfoKFUjxjWYnSbh/iJ3Bkq1Rv9wR1tsQxzkkuCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-30T05:53:21.302427Z"},"content_sha256":"b121e205075e8d1a5412cc9b41673defebd108c7bdb041ad045e793fa384c9d2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b121e205075e8d1a5412cc9b41673defebd108c7bdb041ad045e793fa384c9d2"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:H3NTX6AEM4T4KGMMUK2QYIRX7D","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Confronting the sound speed of dark energy with future cluster surveys","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Ole Eggers Bjaelde, Steen Hannestad, Tobias Basse, Yvonne Y. Y. Wong","submitted_at":"2012-05-02T20:00:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"Future cluster surveys will observe galaxy clusters numbering in the hundred thousands. We consider this work how these surveys can be used to constrain dark energy parameters: in particular, the equation of state parameter w and the non-adiabatic sound speed c_s^2. We demonstrate that, in combination with Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) observations from Planck, cluster surveys such as that in the ESA Euclid project will be able to determine a time-independent w with subpercent precision. Likewise, if the dark energy sound horizon falls within the length scales probed by the cluster survey,"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1205.0548","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Qi73ea5rgoDTv0M5hTvYWcKn/RUlPmTufvW7hBZ2RwJtxXwzlazsCeCQuUeAppls/1xiiP4PZv4ptmIks5gODA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-30T05:53:21.302780Z"},"content_sha256":"30992267a6c48675cfa51d4a2ab1d27d4064d4f1eaf1c4cff9dd9dc88e60b7a2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:30992267a6c48675cfa51d4a2ab1d27d4064d4f1eaf1c4cff9dd9dc88e60b7a2"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/H3NTX6AEM4T4KGMMUK2QYIRX7D/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/H3NTX6AEM4T4KGMMUK2QYIRX7D/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/H3NTX6AEM4T4KGMMUK2QYIRX7D/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-30T05:53:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/H3NTX6AEM4T4KGMMUK2QYIRX7D","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/H3NTX6AEM4T4KGMMUK2QYIRX7D/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/H3NTX6AEM4T4KGMMUK2QYIRX7D/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/H3NTX6AEM4T4KGMMUK2QYIRX7D/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:H3NTX6AEM4T4KGMMUK2QYIRX7D","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7a9d55c8d9f0f40505700b5966ed4465155b4689603b770f6a220d65156be7a4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-05-02T20:00:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"cbab2468eb7026953f269ca18be5add869b97e6942b9c4a23101a6defce99888"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1205.0548","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1205.0548","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1205.0548v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1205.0548","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"H3NTX6AEM4T4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"H3NTX6AEM4T4KGMM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"H3NTX6AE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:30992267a6c48675cfa51d4a2ab1d27d4064d4f1eaf1c4cff9dd9dc88e60b7a2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Future cluster surveys will observe galaxy clusters numbering in the hundred thousands. We consider this work how these surveys can be used to constrain dark energy parameters: in particular, the equation of state parameter w and the non-adiabatic sound speed c_s^2. We demonstrate that, in combination with Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) observations from Planck, cluster surveys such as that in the ESA Euclid project will be able to determine a time-independent w with subpercent precision. Likewise, if the dark energy sound horizon falls within the length scales probed by the cluster survey,","authors_text":"Ole Eggers Bjaelde, Steen Hannestad, Tobias Basse, Yvonne Y. Y. Wong","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-05-02T20:00:02Z","title":"Confronting the sound speed of dark energy with future cluster surveys"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1205.0548","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b121e205075e8d1a5412cc9b41673defebd108c7bdb041ad045e793fa384c9d2","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7a9d55c8d9f0f40505700b5966ed4465155b4689603b770f6a220d65156be7a4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-05-02T20:00:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"cbab2468eb7026953f269ca18be5add869b97e6942b9c4a23101a6defce99888"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1205.0548","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"3edb3bf8046727c5198ca2b50c2237f8f8c771d2c91240b1f38e10b65e3a2cba","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3edb3bf8046727c5198ca2b50c2237f8f8c771d2c91240b1f38e10b65e3a2cba","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:33.655138Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:33.655138Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"hc35rEqGY8D6r5Nau48bkdfd40a2ZUWIDtY8U81KSNRQ3ICmAEI+2865l88T6hbJTGFrQtMrd7qHH2SqaBBrCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:33.655548Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1205.0548","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b121e205075e8d1a5412cc9b41673defebd108c7bdb041ad045e793fa384c9d2","sha256:30992267a6c48675cfa51d4a2ab1d27d4064d4f1eaf1c4cff9dd9dc88e60b7a2"],"state_sha256":"b9d3ef6ebeca0d3e5dcf4d82124304e43de89db62d0cd93e7cacbfb45a65c906"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NgTTaU02LUhSSq6LjsP6tOb2RDe9qnJQ7w5SiZ5hd7A/EOUdT2otXOrlfz2aHfzgxqKdcA+s7/GCd44U+WbSBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-30T05:53:21.304673Z","bundle_sha256":"16c3b700dbd0e7b202c2bb96b6afd74a0671bf9b584c332af982a591b2086c8b"}}