{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:H4LM772BFZARTYXOHA5NDP26YJ","short_pith_number":"pith:H4LM772B","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.05042","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","submitted_at":"2019-08-14T09:38:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"fc8850efd6ff8b103e471b8e2e5606f02e8417caa7f492138dc856f2c185d89a","abstract_canon_sha256":"611e42356f8fac1c1b2a0209b8624491dc0c41698742b1a340b5e5cc54a2fa34"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3f16cfff412e4119e2ee383ad1bf5ec250a8945b2bf1b5558811a3fffd5ee35c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1908.05042","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.05042","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.05042v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.05042","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"H4LM772BFZAR","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"H4LM772BFZARTYXO","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"H4LM772B","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:H4LM772BFZARTYXOHA5NDP26YJ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.05042","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","submitted_at":"2019-08-14T09:38:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"fc8850efd6ff8b103e471b8e2e5606f02e8417caa7f492138dc856f2c185d89a","abstract_canon_sha256":"611e42356f8fac1c1b2a0209b8624491dc0c41698742b1a340b5e5cc54a2fa34"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3f16cfff412e4119e2ee383ad1bf5ec250a8945b2bf1b5558811a3fffd5ee35c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45.638355Z","signature_b64":"HgDH+TuYRjEi3nJky2AUWC/eDbTdnEN8gLavfww4cz5ojE8XQ8dqB9muuo6SFZ/EhObrWq9JpCYeDUP8fpbhAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3f16cfff412e4119e2ee383ad1bf5ec250a8945b2bf1b5558811a3fffd5ee35c","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45.637930Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45.637930Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1908.05042","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bBBWEMlQkZumLnSrWqwsmqDGtp4FyGCmvUIOLSx9LpH0iYyCYVRKSk1pYqmWNJfDycnwBR12Xy4J7TxRHjOHBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T06:07:16.343837Z"},"content_sha256":"77cdf975d620ddcb0ec6f24decf7548c058fad317e152615da38dbfab814cce4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:77cdf975d620ddcb0ec6f24decf7548c058fad317e152615da38dbfab814cce4"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:H4LM772BFZARTYXOHA5NDP26YJ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Understanding CMB physics through the exploration of exotic cosmological models: a classroom study using CLASS","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","authors_text":"Tanja Rindler-Daller","submitted_at":"2019-08-14T09:38:43Z","abstract_excerpt":"Every cosmology lecturer these days is confronted with teaching the modern cosmological standard model $\\Lambda$CDM, and there are many approaches to do this. However, the danger is imminent that it is presented to students as something set into stone, merely to be accepted as a fact based on the plenty of evidences we have. This is even more critical, given that the standard model of cosmology confronts us with entities not yet fully understood, namely a cosmological constant $\\Lambda$ and cold dark matter. In this article, we report on an advanced cosmology course exercise, conducted in comp"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.05042","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1908.05042/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LS/8OqbxXCxXgE+4/XHLiJ7jXtVoDqLtFCP+n7umRPY24YT5P0tU8cBmlILPS0GwqUD1FV/gCcalNERIbny6Cw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T06:07:16.345072Z"},"content_sha256":"80007183add13e9f3107e976b16eb9501b97e952af3bd4dee08302ac9731a06c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:80007183add13e9f3107e976b16eb9501b97e952af3bd4dee08302ac9731a06c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/H4LM772BFZARTYXOHA5NDP26YJ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/H4LM772BFZARTYXOHA5NDP26YJ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/H4LM772BFZARTYXOHA5NDP26YJ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-16T06:07:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/H4LM772BFZARTYXOHA5NDP26YJ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/H4LM772BFZARTYXOHA5NDP26YJ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/H4LM772BFZARTYXOHA5NDP26YJ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/H4LM772BFZARTYXOHA5NDP26YJ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:H4LM772BFZARTYXOHA5NDP26YJ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"611e42356f8fac1c1b2a0209b8624491dc0c41698742b1a340b5e5cc54a2fa34","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","submitted_at":"2019-08-14T09:38:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"fc8850efd6ff8b103e471b8e2e5606f02e8417caa7f492138dc856f2c185d89a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1908.05042","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.05042","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.05042v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.05042","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"H4LM772BFZAR","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"H4LM772BFZARTYXO","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"H4LM772B","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:80007183add13e9f3107e976b16eb9501b97e952af3bd4dee08302ac9731a06c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1908.05042/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Every cosmology lecturer these days is confronted with teaching the modern cosmological standard model $\\Lambda$CDM, and there are many approaches to do this. However, the danger is imminent that it is presented to students as something set into stone, merely to be accepted as a fact based on the plenty of evidences we have. This is even more critical, given that the standard model of cosmology confronts us with entities not yet fully understood, namely a cosmological constant $\\Lambda$ and cold dark matter. In this article, we report on an advanced cosmology course exercise, conducted in comp","authors_text":"Tanja Rindler-Daller","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","submitted_at":"2019-08-14T09:38:43Z","title":"Understanding CMB physics through the exploration of exotic cosmological models: a classroom study using CLASS"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.05042","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:77cdf975d620ddcb0ec6f24decf7548c058fad317e152615da38dbfab814cce4","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"611e42356f8fac1c1b2a0209b8624491dc0c41698742b1a340b5e5cc54a2fa34","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","submitted_at":"2019-08-14T09:38:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"fc8850efd6ff8b103e471b8e2e5606f02e8417caa7f492138dc856f2c185d89a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1908.05042","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"3f16cfff412e4119e2ee383ad1bf5ec250a8945b2bf1b5558811a3fffd5ee35c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3f16cfff412e4119e2ee383ad1bf5ec250a8945b2bf1b5558811a3fffd5ee35c","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45.637930Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45.637930Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"HgDH+TuYRjEi3nJky2AUWC/eDbTdnEN8gLavfww4cz5ojE8XQ8dqB9muuo6SFZ/EhObrWq9JpCYeDUP8fpbhAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:54:45.638355Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1908.05042","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:77cdf975d620ddcb0ec6f24decf7548c058fad317e152615da38dbfab814cce4","sha256:80007183add13e9f3107e976b16eb9501b97e952af3bd4dee08302ac9731a06c"],"state_sha256":"5777b325f0102a2b66896b41a5a985e61e95a15e1e4298c07e634d330fced9a1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"t4uF4KEnskRw3G2Rs8q4nBygqwlzwMdamMnUGG2925UIZ2CExyLvlCNuE5rka9epx+bAVQvsHK0R7jaaLTpFAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T06:07:16.350789Z","bundle_sha256":"8aa765f2710f9344ee2854a7cd275b05bfac5b5f13a90de34009f499d150145f"}}