{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:H5JIH3OZDPCVXJQ7IAO3BU3AW6","short_pith_number":"pith:H5JIH3OZ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2408.15588","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2024-08-28T07:24:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4f8608e091fe9190b69998468975105d184eee2e0f4d881ef607cbe9563b0e43","abstract_canon_sha256":"69934df71965fd036f6e1d471d7aa826210693c2da9324d5760219893fcfa843"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3f5283edd91bc55ba61f401db0d360b7ad8a0a9da8b7113cdc855a4297aa1b4f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2408.15588","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2408.15588","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2408.15588v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2408.15588","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"H5JIH3OZDPCV","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"H5JIH3OZDPCVXJQ7","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"H5JIH3OZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:H5JIH3OZDPCVXJQ7IAO3BU3AW6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2408.15588","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2024-08-28T07:24:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4f8608e091fe9190b69998468975105d184eee2e0f4d881ef607cbe9563b0e43","abstract_canon_sha256":"69934df71965fd036f6e1d471d7aa826210693c2da9324d5760219893fcfa843"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3f5283edd91bc55ba61f401db0d360b7ad8a0a9da8b7113cdc855a4297aa1b4f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12.346355Z","signature_b64":"5AMhxatpY5my7cyRuhQivC0VoVc/SE4FcoKHfNOURdPf6eBxsHW6KgjJaexW70DbuDz1VlVAeJE84/0+ASDuAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3f5283edd91bc55ba61f401db0d360b7ad8a0a9da8b7113cdc855a4297aa1b4f","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12.345819Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12.345819Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2408.15588","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"i4ASuiXx5zJSuxhcgO+YGnMXrJqh8FCD6FnDywnBid66DYZ8YtNEJsr7kgrsKcf6FArPRRAT/bsZteYRqY4cBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-10T12:05:38.217791Z"},"content_sha256":"6a256b937117083a8baa984655fd98583ed99d9f33b653734297aa6f8a0b330d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6a256b937117083a8baa984655fd98583ed99d9f33b653734297aa6f8a0b330d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:H5JIH3OZDPCVXJQ7IAO3BU3AW6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Opposition control applied to turbulent wings","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Marco Atzori, Ricardo Vinuesa, Yuning Wang","submitted_at":"2024-08-28T07:24:52Z","abstract_excerpt":"We conducted high-resolution large-eddy simulations (LESs) to explore the effects of opposition control (OC) on turbulent boundary layers (TBLs) over a wing at a chord-based Reynolds number (${Re}_c$) of 200,000. Two scenarios were studied: flow over the suction sides of the NACA0012 wing section at a $0^{\\circ}$ angle of attack, and the NACA4412 wing section at a $5^{\\circ}$ angle of attack, representing TBLs under mild and strong nonuniform adverse pressure gradients (APGs), respectively. Our results show that the effectiveness of OC in reducing friction drag decreases significantly with inc"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2408.15588","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2408.15588/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7e0gpjHclzys9dFDkgV3Mdt0eDTa3PKY/CZ+eClrzi5xxPZvgLDRw99fMvw8a08H8zRTdn7iP5Tx1pOwGLo3Bg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-10T12:05:38.218741Z"},"content_sha256":"aea5c1b3e450b4ab52a81dac6f34cb20603c9339509146f38c1234255fdd25b9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:aea5c1b3e450b4ab52a81dac6f34cb20603c9339509146f38c1234255fdd25b9"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/H5JIH3OZDPCVXJQ7IAO3BU3AW6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/H5JIH3OZDPCVXJQ7IAO3BU3AW6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/H5JIH3OZDPCVXJQ7IAO3BU3AW6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-10T12:05:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/H5JIH3OZDPCVXJQ7IAO3BU3AW6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/H5JIH3OZDPCVXJQ7IAO3BU3AW6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/H5JIH3OZDPCVXJQ7IAO3BU3AW6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/H5JIH3OZDPCVXJQ7IAO3BU3AW6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:H5JIH3OZDPCVXJQ7IAO3BU3AW6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"69934df71965fd036f6e1d471d7aa826210693c2da9324d5760219893fcfa843","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2024-08-28T07:24:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"4f8608e091fe9190b69998468975105d184eee2e0f4d881ef607cbe9563b0e43"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2408.15588","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2408.15588","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2408.15588v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2408.15588","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"H5JIH3OZDPCV","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"H5JIH3OZDPCVXJQ7","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"H5JIH3OZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:aea5c1b3e450b4ab52a81dac6f34cb20603c9339509146f38c1234255fdd25b9","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2408.15588/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We conducted high-resolution large-eddy simulations (LESs) to explore the effects of opposition control (OC) on turbulent boundary layers (TBLs) over a wing at a chord-based Reynolds number (${Re}_c$) of 200,000. Two scenarios were studied: flow over the suction sides of the NACA0012 wing section at a $0^{\\circ}$ angle of attack, and the NACA4412 wing section at a $5^{\\circ}$ angle of attack, representing TBLs under mild and strong nonuniform adverse pressure gradients (APGs), respectively. Our results show that the effectiveness of OC in reducing friction drag decreases significantly with inc","authors_text":"Marco Atzori, Ricardo Vinuesa, Yuning Wang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2024-08-28T07:24:52Z","title":"Opposition control applied to turbulent wings"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2408.15588","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6a256b937117083a8baa984655fd98583ed99d9f33b653734297aa6f8a0b330d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"69934df71965fd036f6e1d471d7aa826210693c2da9324d5760219893fcfa843","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2024-08-28T07:24:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"4f8608e091fe9190b69998468975105d184eee2e0f4d881ef607cbe9563b0e43"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2408.15588","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"3f5283edd91bc55ba61f401db0d360b7ad8a0a9da8b7113cdc855a4297aa1b4f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3f5283edd91bc55ba61f401db0d360b7ad8a0a9da8b7113cdc855a4297aa1b4f","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12.345819Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12.345819Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"5AMhxatpY5my7cyRuhQivC0VoVc/SE4FcoKHfNOURdPf6eBxsHW6KgjJaexW70DbuDz1VlVAeJE84/0+ASDuAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:02:12.346355Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2408.15588","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6a256b937117083a8baa984655fd98583ed99d9f33b653734297aa6f8a0b330d","sha256:aea5c1b3e450b4ab52a81dac6f34cb20603c9339509146f38c1234255fdd25b9"],"state_sha256":"0e915fe7dc8fecc0ecc92ac6428ff7cf03cce0ee99601847be85f467585baeff"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CCMT9NduayNusHJ1rKPxBbBZoek712QZBGI92yU/bW1tWw6NUpdzyjdKn0hMXhA05mnK5tBnJfF3nxj8d8qJCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-10T12:05:38.226543Z","bundle_sha256":"c88535186a55e81e4732e669233cc56efc6faa1103fc0156d0fa1e1484e5d072"}}