{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2021:H5QKY6LWF7SJKTPXZUTFMDOIJI","short_pith_number":"pith:H5QKY6LW","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"3f60ac79762fe4954df7cd26560dc84a24dbded12d649d704ba567349d9a76cc","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2102.05182","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"A Deep Learning Approach for Characterizing Major Galaxy Mergers","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Adria Recasens, Agnieszka Grabska-Barwinska, Andrea Huber, Avishai Deke, David C. Koo, Fernando Caro, Hannah Openshaw, Jesus Vega Ferrero, Joel R. Primack, Marc Huertas-Company, Mikolaj Binkowski, Natasha Antropova, Sam Blackwell, Sander Dieleman, Skanda Koppula, Trevor Back, Victor Bapst, Yohan Dubois","submitted_at":"2021-02-09T23:30:15Z","abstract_excerpt":"Fine-grained estimation of galaxy merger stages from observations is a key problem useful for validation of our current theoretical understanding of galaxy formation. To this end, we demonstrate a CNN-based regression model that is able to predict, for the first time, using a single image, the merger stage relative to the first perigee passage with a median error of 38.3 million years (Myrs) over a period of 400 Myrs. This model uses no specific dynamical modeling and learns only from simulated merger events. We show that our model provides reasonable estimates on real observations, approximat"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2102.05182","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-02-09T23:30:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"7016ba2731d9e68e673f8346c2be37490da4bedfa05a0aa9180f7fcb6c67addc","abstract_canon_sha256":"8f188bbf1a013530985020e30dedfaaf84ca95ba4fecc7337f4d929ff4687175"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:15.823763Z","signature_b64":"jXyxJ1MOH2c8R3ZjqvV5DaJP8RAK/tOJyd6OSEpbOQnFwSevs0mgVMByztpbq7GOQaO23167Rhfm6dUEEVGaCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3f60ac79762fe4954df7cd26560dc84a24dbded12d649d704ba567349d9a76cc","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:15.823281Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:15.823281Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Deep Learning Approach for Characterizing Major Galaxy Mergers","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Adria Recasens, Agnieszka Grabska-Barwinska, Andrea Huber, Avishai Deke, David C. Koo, Fernando Caro, Hannah Openshaw, Jesus Vega Ferrero, Joel R. Primack, Marc Huertas-Company, Mikolaj Binkowski, Natasha Antropova, Sam Blackwell, Sander Dieleman, Skanda Koppula, Trevor Back, Victor Bapst, Yohan Dubois","submitted_at":"2021-02-09T23:30:15Z","abstract_excerpt":"Fine-grained estimation of galaxy merger stages from observations is a key problem useful for validation of our current theoretical understanding of galaxy formation. To this end, we demonstrate a CNN-based regression model that is able to predict, for the first time, using a single image, the merger stage relative to the first perigee passage with a median error of 38.3 million years (Myrs) over a period of 400 Myrs. This model uses no specific dynamical modeling and learns only from simulated merger events. We show that our model provides reasonable estimates on real observations, approximat"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2102.05182","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2102.05182/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2102.05182","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:15.823338+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2102.05182v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:15.823338+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2102.05182","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:15.823338+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"H5QKY6LWF7SJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:15.823338+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"H5QKY6LWF7SJKTPX","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:15.823338+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"H5QKY6LW","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:15.823338+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":1,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2511.21512","citing_title":"Galaxy evolution in the post-merger regime. IV -- The long-term effect of mergers on galactic stellar mass growth and distribution","ref_index":30,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/H5QKY6LWF7SJKTPXZUTFMDOIJI","json":"https://pith.science/pith/H5QKY6LWF7SJKTPXZUTFMDOIJI.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/H5QKY6LWF7SJKTPXZUTFMDOIJI/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/H5QKY6LWF7SJKTPXZUTFMDOIJI/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/H5QKY6LW"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/H5QKY6LWF7SJKTPXZUTFMDOIJI","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/H5QKY6LWF7SJKTPXZUTFMDOIJI.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/H5QKY6LW","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2102.05182&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/H5QKY6LWF7SJKTPXZUTFMDOIJI/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/H5QKY6LWF7SJKTPXZUTFMDOIJI/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/H5QKY6LWF7SJKTPXZUTFMDOIJI/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/H5QKY6LWF7SJKTPXZUTFMDOIJI/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/H5QKY6LWF7SJKTPXZUTFMDOIJI/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/H5QKY6LWF7SJKTPXZUTFMDOIJI/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/H5QKY6LWF7SJKTPXZUTFMDOIJI/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:15.823338+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T02:14:15.823338+00:00"}