{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2012:H75RXNH3Y2AO45M56AMS44SLHN","short_pith_number":"pith:H75RXNH3","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"3ffb1bb4fbc680ee759df0192e724b3b7ced2c2696360fcbb09788cde082f2ca","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1202.0281","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Unmasking the Supernova Impostors","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"2), 2) ((1) Department of Astronomy, AstroParticle Physics, C. S. Kochanek (1, D. M. Szczygiel (1, K. Z. Stanek (1, The Ohio State University), The Ohio State University (2) Center for Cosmology","submitted_at":"2012-02-01T21:00:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"(ABRIDGED) The canonical picture of a supernova impostor is a -11 < M_V < -14 optical transient from a massive (M > 40Msun) star during which the star ejects a dense shell of material. Dust formed in the ejecta then obscures the star. In this picture, the geometric expansion of the shell leads to clear predictions for the evolution of the optical depths and hence the evolution of the optical through mid-IR emissions. Here we review the theory of this standard model and then examine the impostors SN1954J, SN1997bs, SN1999bw, SN2000ch, SN2001ac, SN2002bu, SN2002kg and SN2003gm, as well as the po"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1202.0281","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2012-02-01T21:00:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c8a26d129d3d931d0f48d73e541da7c1b22ba7f0bf0cf96dddf04bb787673aac","abstract_canon_sha256":"2c6d762346f91256e08bbff1d5aecbd4a0eeb8d10c142bcf8f7a1186b4354d16"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:36.643361Z","signature_b64":"EfoDGvm43VIIus8MTo1OSPcDpH5kjs0YFPTkC8PCMtYq0S1cx5CYJFQQ8swJk/YQbrQJ0Mmeq4GouDHiTsAQDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3ffb1bb4fbc680ee759df0192e724b3b7ced2c2696360fcbb09788cde082f2ca","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:36.642685Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:36.642685Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Unmasking the Supernova Impostors","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"2), 2) ((1) Department of Astronomy, AstroParticle Physics, C. S. Kochanek (1, D. M. Szczygiel (1, K. Z. Stanek (1, The Ohio State University), The Ohio State University (2) Center for Cosmology","submitted_at":"2012-02-01T21:00:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"(ABRIDGED) The canonical picture of a supernova impostor is a -11 < M_V < -14 optical transient from a massive (M > 40Msun) star during which the star ejects a dense shell of material. Dust formed in the ejecta then obscures the star. In this picture, the geometric expansion of the shell leads to clear predictions for the evolution of the optical depths and hence the evolution of the optical through mid-IR emissions. Here we review the theory of this standard model and then examine the impostors SN1954J, SN1997bs, SN1999bw, SN2000ch, SN2001ac, SN2002bu, SN2002kg and SN2003gm, as well as the po"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1202.0281","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1202.0281","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:36.642789+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1202.0281v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:36.642789+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1202.0281","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:36.642789+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"H75RXNH3Y2AO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06.952714+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"H75RXNH3Y2AO45M5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06.952714+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"H75RXNH3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:06.952714+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":1,"internal_anchor_count":1,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.17005","citing_title":"Red novae, their progenitors, and remnants","ref_index":264,"is_internal_anchor":true}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/H75RXNH3Y2AO45M56AMS44SLHN","json":"https://pith.science/pith/H75RXNH3Y2AO45M56AMS44SLHN.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/H75RXNH3Y2AO45M56AMS44SLHN/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/H75RXNH3Y2AO45M56AMS44SLHN/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/H75RXNH3"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/H75RXNH3Y2AO45M56AMS44SLHN","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/H75RXNH3Y2AO45M56AMS44SLHN.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/H75RXNH3","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1202.0281&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/H75RXNH3Y2AO45M56AMS44SLHN/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/H75RXNH3Y2AO45M56AMS44SLHN/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/H75RXNH3Y2AO45M56AMS44SLHN/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/H75RXNH3Y2AO45M56AMS44SLHN/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/H75RXNH3Y2AO45M56AMS44SLHN/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/H75RXNH3Y2AO45M56AMS44SLHN/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/H75RXNH3Y2AO45M56AMS44SLHN/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:36.642789+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:36.642789+00:00"}