{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:HCAOXTKQNGEQJORERX74LMIT4O","short_pith_number":"pith:HCAOXTKQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2409.19302","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-09-28T10:09:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC"],"title_canon_sha256":"a158f66a1b95a35e84ec50ff5daa85b929c2b783eddee6838047ff57da7fe010","abstract_canon_sha256":"169c8d7fbb433b6f98373228eb8f2f86449c2a435e2c216aa44eb719a0758090"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3880ebcd50698904ba248dffc5b113e3a5ead93aac5461456e0569f977fbe184","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2409.19302","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2409.19302","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2409.19302v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2409.19302","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HCAOXTKQNGEQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HCAOXTKQNGEQJORE","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HCAOXTKQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:HCAOXTKQNGEQJORERX74LMIT4O","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2409.19302","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-09-28T10:09:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC"],"title_canon_sha256":"a158f66a1b95a35e84ec50ff5daa85b929c2b783eddee6838047ff57da7fe010","abstract_canon_sha256":"169c8d7fbb433b6f98373228eb8f2f86449c2a435e2c216aa44eb719a0758090"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3880ebcd50698904ba248dffc5b113e3a5ead93aac5461456e0569f977fbe184","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20.250789Z","signature_b64":"wV1E1yx748mQF9llkUecPpD0mRt4Co7pVEOMsGOjM7I3o74Ha4dx7btV1AwWs3MHf+NDYL3vaxO3v1xfkQaMDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3880ebcd50698904ba248dffc5b113e3a5ead93aac5461456e0569f977fbe184","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20.250214Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20.250214Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2409.19302","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jveqGoCzdsD7nGTuV+A+u4NN19QEABihs3i94Ro5geHB4N8Tj17KXbU0usDEwCkI0IZnae30rb8sJ+6d+L+UDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T18:45:25.193708Z"},"content_sha256":"305edce1dbadb5c526bfae115f7cfaaad572cc57cb28be0c906bc120a83473d2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:305edce1dbadb5c526bfae115f7cfaaad572cc57cb28be0c906bc120a83473d2"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:HCAOXTKQNGEQJORERX74LMIT4O","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Leveraging MTD to Mitigate Poisoning Attacks in Decentralized FL with Non-IID Data","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.DC"],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Alberto Huertas Celdr\\'an, Burkhard Stiller, Chao Feng, Gerome Bovet, Jan von der Assen, Zien Zeng, Zi Ye","submitted_at":"2024-09-28T10:09:37Z","abstract_excerpt":"Decentralized Federated Learning (DFL), a paradigm for managing big data in a privacy-preserved manner, is still vulnerable to poisoning attacks where malicious clients tamper with data or models. Current defense methods often assume Independently and Identically Distributed (IID) data, which is unrealistic in real-world applications. In non-IID contexts, existing defensive strategies face challenges in distinguishing between models that have been compromised and those that have been trained on heterogeneous data distributions, leading to diminished efficacy. In response, this paper proposes a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2409.19302","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2409.19302/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"o3V4rD+uTSr8LkLDEjrTl3gKd7m0VgHoHf/8+LIajuj7F8VJlKvJv9XpY6LMoj84DVl6W837aaN3evSxHkuyAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T18:45:25.194219Z"},"content_sha256":"2fb86eca0ea9a5151dba5249b67b603d3138c0604cc7495bda06f49cf2ab6e4b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2fb86eca0ea9a5151dba5249b67b603d3138c0604cc7495bda06f49cf2ab6e4b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HCAOXTKQNGEQJORERX74LMIT4O/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HCAOXTKQNGEQJORERX74LMIT4O/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HCAOXTKQNGEQJORERX74LMIT4O/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-17T18:45:25Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/HCAOXTKQNGEQJORERX74LMIT4O","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/HCAOXTKQNGEQJORERX74LMIT4O/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/HCAOXTKQNGEQJORERX74LMIT4O/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HCAOXTKQNGEQJORERX74LMIT4O/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:HCAOXTKQNGEQJORERX74LMIT4O","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"169c8d7fbb433b6f98373228eb8f2f86449c2a435e2c216aa44eb719a0758090","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-09-28T10:09:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"a158f66a1b95a35e84ec50ff5daa85b929c2b783eddee6838047ff57da7fe010"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2409.19302","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2409.19302","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2409.19302v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2409.19302","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HCAOXTKQNGEQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HCAOXTKQNGEQJORE","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HCAOXTKQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:2fb86eca0ea9a5151dba5249b67b603d3138c0604cc7495bda06f49cf2ab6e4b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2409.19302/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Decentralized Federated Learning (DFL), a paradigm for managing big data in a privacy-preserved manner, is still vulnerable to poisoning attacks where malicious clients tamper with data or models. Current defense methods often assume Independently and Identically Distributed (IID) data, which is unrealistic in real-world applications. In non-IID contexts, existing defensive strategies face challenges in distinguishing between models that have been compromised and those that have been trained on heterogeneous data distributions, leading to diminished efficacy. In response, this paper proposes a","authors_text":"Alberto Huertas Celdr\\'an, Burkhard Stiller, Chao Feng, Gerome Bovet, Jan von der Assen, Zien Zeng, Zi Ye","cross_cats":["cs.DC"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-09-28T10:09:37Z","title":"Leveraging MTD to Mitigate Poisoning Attacks in Decentralized FL with Non-IID Data"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2409.19302","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:305edce1dbadb5c526bfae115f7cfaaad572cc57cb28be0c906bc120a83473d2","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"169c8d7fbb433b6f98373228eb8f2f86449c2a435e2c216aa44eb719a0758090","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-09-28T10:09:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"a158f66a1b95a35e84ec50ff5daa85b929c2b783eddee6838047ff57da7fe010"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2409.19302","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"3880ebcd50698904ba248dffc5b113e3a5ead93aac5461456e0569f977fbe184","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3880ebcd50698904ba248dffc5b113e3a5ead93aac5461456e0569f977fbe184","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20.250214Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20.250214Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"wV1E1yx748mQF9llkUecPpD0mRt4Co7pVEOMsGOjM7I3o74Ha4dx7btV1AwWs3MHf+NDYL3vaxO3v1xfkQaMDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:20.250789Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2409.19302","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:305edce1dbadb5c526bfae115f7cfaaad572cc57cb28be0c906bc120a83473d2","sha256:2fb86eca0ea9a5151dba5249b67b603d3138c0604cc7495bda06f49cf2ab6e4b"],"state_sha256":"48815fb0a249e55ac5e3876061abb0fdd1206fc9faf8ad370d41ab591d6eb6d0"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"c0hdieRCkqRZc3MzaBwIo75cPpmXXCU1Ec6K/ZYlm431329jLH3+KTwcrtgfaboUt2X/G6vInZNMN/CUJlnUAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T18:45:25.198319Z","bundle_sha256":"0490305c41038173a8687395266c0293d6c301d3b21a6ed75a88f78122f0f6b9"}}