{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:HCCB5V4IIKQ5GKGPMKI7PCYMSH","short_pith_number":"pith:HCCB5V4I","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2101.08903","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2021-01-22T01:13:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"452894a0a6ab18f2df63c8246f37c6b749620315e862ce7786d036ad77a7d1b4","abstract_canon_sha256":"436b59a1df2d071c322bd66ff70768cb013d498226bee24ae78bfb5dfaa052f7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"38841ed78842a1d328cf6291f78b0c91e535d6c3033071b843cb23db39d55a79","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2101.08903","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2101.08903","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2101.08903v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2101.08903","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HCCB5V4IIKQ5","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HCCB5V4IIKQ5GKGP","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HCCB5V4I","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:HCCB5V4IIKQ5GKGPMKI7PCYMSH","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2101.08903","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2021-01-22T01:13:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"452894a0a6ab18f2df63c8246f37c6b749620315e862ce7786d036ad77a7d1b4","abstract_canon_sha256":"436b59a1df2d071c322bd66ff70768cb013d498226bee24ae78bfb5dfaa052f7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"38841ed78842a1d328cf6291f78b0c91e535d6c3033071b843cb23db39d55a79","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00.788441Z","signature_b64":"QP7wq/eomwKhVk3sgv+oloJPTkMGuR4p5Z5rMOeSZTWkP3r/0mfJq5bvhIX84cVM9Gip5hp3DEihOQ5tPmqqDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"38841ed78842a1d328cf6291f78b0c91e535d6c3033071b843cb23db39d55a79","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00.787945Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00.787945Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2101.08903","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"IyHdfqI1FOD2pi+/v6533AhYMj0EGasYGzCIgwnIBxXArkiGe8ENDO/wNhdbHW3KekKbSq+F05dKCEnaF5h+DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T18:37:33.506161Z"},"content_sha256":"201426e0754d0dd80ca816f7bd13e51ee4be5d6123347acc1c803871381a8deb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:201426e0754d0dd80ca816f7bd13e51ee4be5d6123347acc1c803871381a8deb"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:HCCB5V4IIKQ5GKGPMKI7PCYMSH","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Newcomer OSS-Candidates: Characterizing Contributions of Novice Developers to GitHub","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Dong Wang, Ifraz Rehman, Kenichi Matsumoto, Raula Gaikovina Kula, Takashi Ishio","submitted_at":"2021-01-22T01:13:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"The ability of an Open Source Software (OSS) project to attract, onboard, and retain any newcomer is vital to its livelihood. Although, evidence suggests an upsurge in novice developers joining social coding platforms (such as GitHub), the extent to which their activities result in a OSS contribution is unknown. Henceforth, we execute the protocols of a registered report to study activities of a \"Newcomer OSS-Candidate\", who is a novice developer that is new to that social coding platform, and has the intention to later onboard an OSS project. Using GitHub as a case platform, we analyze 171 id"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2101.08903","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2101.08903/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Q+EVGv4rTyw/HhoC89hg5B72eTMMHliyHtPMfwKnzdHYRe+rmK8h18Y4bsUOPhIJUoGsNF40EMH/rVCF0rOpAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T18:37:33.506548Z"},"content_sha256":"928e551f80612d498d1c3261bf9204ecc68b2da329b8b9296d403d5ed93a24eb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:928e551f80612d498d1c3261bf9204ecc68b2da329b8b9296d403d5ed93a24eb"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HCCB5V4IIKQ5GKGPMKI7PCYMSH/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HCCB5V4IIKQ5GKGPMKI7PCYMSH/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HCCB5V4IIKQ5GKGPMKI7PCYMSH/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-06T18:37:33Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/HCCB5V4IIKQ5GKGPMKI7PCYMSH","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/HCCB5V4IIKQ5GKGPMKI7PCYMSH/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/HCCB5V4IIKQ5GKGPMKI7PCYMSH/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HCCB5V4IIKQ5GKGPMKI7PCYMSH/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:HCCB5V4IIKQ5GKGPMKI7PCYMSH","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"436b59a1df2d071c322bd66ff70768cb013d498226bee24ae78bfb5dfaa052f7","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2021-01-22T01:13:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"452894a0a6ab18f2df63c8246f37c6b749620315e862ce7786d036ad77a7d1b4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2101.08903","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2101.08903","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2101.08903v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2101.08903","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HCCB5V4IIKQ5","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HCCB5V4IIKQ5GKGP","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HCCB5V4I","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:928e551f80612d498d1c3261bf9204ecc68b2da329b8b9296d403d5ed93a24eb","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2101.08903/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The ability of an Open Source Software (OSS) project to attract, onboard, and retain any newcomer is vital to its livelihood. Although, evidence suggests an upsurge in novice developers joining social coding platforms (such as GitHub), the extent to which their activities result in a OSS contribution is unknown. Henceforth, we execute the protocols of a registered report to study activities of a \"Newcomer OSS-Candidate\", who is a novice developer that is new to that social coding platform, and has the intention to later onboard an OSS project. Using GitHub as a case platform, we analyze 171 id","authors_text":"Dong Wang, Ifraz Rehman, Kenichi Matsumoto, Raula Gaikovina Kula, Takashi Ishio","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2021-01-22T01:13:04Z","title":"Newcomer OSS-Candidates: Characterizing Contributions of Novice Developers to GitHub"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2101.08903","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:201426e0754d0dd80ca816f7bd13e51ee4be5d6123347acc1c803871381a8deb","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"436b59a1df2d071c322bd66ff70768cb013d498226bee24ae78bfb5dfaa052f7","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2021-01-22T01:13:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"452894a0a6ab18f2df63c8246f37c6b749620315e862ce7786d036ad77a7d1b4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2101.08903","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"38841ed78842a1d328cf6291f78b0c91e535d6c3033071b843cb23db39d55a79","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"38841ed78842a1d328cf6291f78b0c91e535d6c3033071b843cb23db39d55a79","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00.787945Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00.787945Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"QP7wq/eomwKhVk3sgv+oloJPTkMGuR4p5Z5rMOeSZTWkP3r/0mfJq5bvhIX84cVM9Gip5hp3DEihOQ5tPmqqDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:00.788441Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2101.08903","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:201426e0754d0dd80ca816f7bd13e51ee4be5d6123347acc1c803871381a8deb","sha256:928e551f80612d498d1c3261bf9204ecc68b2da329b8b9296d403d5ed93a24eb"],"state_sha256":"9a8fecfac05198ba4f245c49fc83bf8943ed340b40030fbfc0bec3cf299f2645"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3b+rykKUwxXzx77/zKluqlOed2CwC365IK/ZMdt7OBvRLmbUSAt0RM4LKcUllxA6vfDvSV1JAV7Z15copQJnAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T18:37:33.508640Z","bundle_sha256":"9addf39e2a3f5f077edcbcca654db902fbff0f9c2590e766f7682aa1f736b39f"}}