{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:HCPRGJ5BOXMMKGZWPZW5RSGKC7","short_pith_number":"pith:HCPRGJ5B","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2405.15184","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-05-24T03:37:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AR","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"3a673e4bcdf4f77b8df2aaa3abb4ad672d1025786775aa6860c2c6cd00f6104f","abstract_canon_sha256":"7278ef0b303fe30d36cfa92895942f14c577450c50c0997beb66de09bff9fa38"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"389f1327a175d8c51b367e6dd8c8ca17d08ec011029041390550cba0832cfea4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2405.15184","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2405.15184","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2405.15184v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2405.15184","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HCPRGJ5BOXMM","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HCPRGJ5BOXMMKGZW","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HCPRGJ5B","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:HCPRGJ5BOXMMKGZWPZW5RSGKC7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2405.15184","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-05-24T03:37:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AR","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"3a673e4bcdf4f77b8df2aaa3abb4ad672d1025786775aa6860c2c6cd00f6104f","abstract_canon_sha256":"7278ef0b303fe30d36cfa92895942f14c577450c50c0997beb66de09bff9fa38"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"389f1327a175d8c51b367e6dd8c8ca17d08ec011029041390550cba0832cfea4","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49.140664Z","signature_b64":"I79ChcsSDrKzHasPknCs0jFwV18+A0JrF8WrMvBWIQy8jIk7feOKeYobN481OMxkADCcWyO8BqMeADE+0GqCDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"389f1327a175d8c51b367e6dd8c8ca17d08ec011029041390550cba0832cfea4","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49.140160Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49.140160Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2405.15184","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"iT9HmrTenFtk8NotPkd9p1SWVdCO93Sc1KuTVp4J7I5fW767SwOOqjsWGdiu8UzfZlaJrHPIm/E/AWeHI9JrDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T22:40:43.179446Z"},"content_sha256":"796037b210d4a9d3ebdea85a0f8c07789007888ea1a57c6e7d1c7c42efde2817","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:796037b210d4a9d3ebdea85a0f8c07789007888ea1a57c6e7d1c7c42efde2817"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:HCPRGJ5BOXMMKGZWPZW5RSGKC7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"TrojanForge: Generating Adversarial Hardware Trojan Examples Using Reinforcement Learning","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AR","cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Abdel-Hameed A. Badawy, Ahmad Patooghy, Amin Sarihi, Peter Jamieson","submitted_at":"2024-05-24T03:37:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Hardware Trojan (HT) problem can be thought of as a continuous game between attackers and defenders, each striving to outsmart the other by leveraging any available means for an advantage. Machine Learning (ML) has recently played a key role in advancing HT research. Various novel techniques, such as Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), have shown HT insertion and detection capabilities. HT insertion with ML techniques, specifically, has seen a spike in research activity due to the shortcomings of conventional HT benchmarks and the inherent human design bias that o"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2405.15184","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2405.15184/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2qbKix0QyJ3uFAPkETxQCxM0mlPkgTWzK7SluJ87xTa6//1BTIvWYAGHY+dAaa9e7O2wAU8L6rxEqS+6h2LiBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T22:40:43.179960Z"},"content_sha256":"47140bffe2587729a69320efab7ce48f97ddd0f2e9e7680f9dabddf7bac63cb9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:47140bffe2587729a69320efab7ce48f97ddd0f2e9e7680f9dabddf7bac63cb9"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HCPRGJ5BOXMMKGZWPZW5RSGKC7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HCPRGJ5BOXMMKGZWPZW5RSGKC7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HCPRGJ5BOXMMKGZWPZW5RSGKC7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T22:40:43Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/HCPRGJ5BOXMMKGZWPZW5RSGKC7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/HCPRGJ5BOXMMKGZWPZW5RSGKC7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/HCPRGJ5BOXMMKGZWPZW5RSGKC7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HCPRGJ5BOXMMKGZWPZW5RSGKC7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:HCPRGJ5BOXMMKGZWPZW5RSGKC7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7278ef0b303fe30d36cfa92895942f14c577450c50c0997beb66de09bff9fa38","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AR","cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-05-24T03:37:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"3a673e4bcdf4f77b8df2aaa3abb4ad672d1025786775aa6860c2c6cd00f6104f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2405.15184","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2405.15184","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2405.15184v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2405.15184","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HCPRGJ5BOXMM","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HCPRGJ5BOXMMKGZW","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HCPRGJ5B","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:47140bffe2587729a69320efab7ce48f97ddd0f2e9e7680f9dabddf7bac63cb9","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2405.15184/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The Hardware Trojan (HT) problem can be thought of as a continuous game between attackers and defenders, each striving to outsmart the other by leveraging any available means for an advantage. Machine Learning (ML) has recently played a key role in advancing HT research. Various novel techniques, such as Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), have shown HT insertion and detection capabilities. HT insertion with ML techniques, specifically, has seen a spike in research activity due to the shortcomings of conventional HT benchmarks and the inherent human design bias that o","authors_text":"Abdel-Hameed A. Badawy, Ahmad Patooghy, Amin Sarihi, Peter Jamieson","cross_cats":["cs.AR","cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-05-24T03:37:32Z","title":"TrojanForge: Generating Adversarial Hardware Trojan Examples Using Reinforcement Learning"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2405.15184","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:796037b210d4a9d3ebdea85a0f8c07789007888ea1a57c6e7d1c7c42efde2817","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7278ef0b303fe30d36cfa92895942f14c577450c50c0997beb66de09bff9fa38","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AR","cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-05-24T03:37:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"3a673e4bcdf4f77b8df2aaa3abb4ad672d1025786775aa6860c2c6cd00f6104f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2405.15184","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"389f1327a175d8c51b367e6dd8c8ca17d08ec011029041390550cba0832cfea4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"389f1327a175d8c51b367e6dd8c8ca17d08ec011029041390550cba0832cfea4","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49.140160Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49.140160Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"I79ChcsSDrKzHasPknCs0jFwV18+A0JrF8WrMvBWIQy8jIk7feOKeYobN481OMxkADCcWyO8BqMeADE+0GqCDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:45:49.140664Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2405.15184","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:796037b210d4a9d3ebdea85a0f8c07789007888ea1a57c6e7d1c7c42efde2817","sha256:47140bffe2587729a69320efab7ce48f97ddd0f2e9e7680f9dabddf7bac63cb9"],"state_sha256":"139920833956ec5b2d46986ba0e1a0618fa9586dd838ed936e0087f17f035c73"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8IcgmB+c0IWcAMPhtNgqvJEzDXeBa69VNRVFRYOBN8gAK4O6FlDn0IfSPI4GQmzcAsUHhbvygCXpIJ3iiuM6DA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T22:40:43.185575Z","bundle_sha256":"89abe2bc054c218e87b8033a1c2e1d35ef5ffaa06830d66e76f40094844c0050"}}