{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:HEALUJN5Q7BPUU7JKZU3RLTV2Q","short_pith_number":"pith:HEALUJN5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1011.4311","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2010-11-18T21:41:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"title_canon_sha256":"82181d341dfea43447cee2ee8b07005be646065827667a379a066034e08b78bb","abstract_canon_sha256":"3e45c98bf6979d3451ea0bb747c3157744ca525910426ef2991e158d2a2c7c47"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3900ba25bd87c2fa53e95669b8ae75d401b1a08c272fb1b7225a4b3bfeed4b2e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1011.4311","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1011.4311","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1011.4311v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1011.4311","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HEALUJN5Q7BP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HEALUJN5Q7BPUU7J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HEALUJN5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:07Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:HEALUJN5Q7BPUU7JKZU3RLTV2Q","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1011.4311","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2010-11-18T21:41:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"title_canon_sha256":"82181d341dfea43447cee2ee8b07005be646065827667a379a066034e08b78bb","abstract_canon_sha256":"3e45c98bf6979d3451ea0bb747c3157744ca525910426ef2991e158d2a2c7c47"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3900ba25bd87c2fa53e95669b8ae75d401b1a08c272fb1b7225a4b3bfeed4b2e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:43.724738Z","signature_b64":"5yU7R3BRgDKVE8fvVQLzGXyazJ4kYtGB+wutQZn59KTq99nnl3YDkSk95MRxUdSyn8xaGgNbpXP/+P4LOYCrAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3900ba25bd87c2fa53e95669b8ae75d401b1a08c272fb1b7225a4b3bfeed4b2e","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:43.723678Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:43.723678Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1011.4311","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/Qg6J1WSocYLBmNdDx/8uYs6+7cm635e7+nM+xZwWL5PyC62rwC+Z0v2pg7wc3U3MmLHqs5h783Ww1oftxblDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T16:00:53.518103Z"},"content_sha256":"0bdcfb960c693334042273332554a17384f681c65a552ca3df323572c05cc97a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0bdcfb960c693334042273332554a17384f681c65a552ca3df323572c05cc97a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:HEALUJN5Q7BPUU7JKZU3RLTV2Q","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Massive black holes in stellar systems: 'quiescent' accretion and luminosity","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.HE"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Duncan Campbell, Mario Mateo, Marta Volonteri, Massimo Dotti","submitted_at":"2010-11-18T21:41:37Z","abstract_excerpt":"Only a small fraction of local galaxies harbor an accreting black hole, classified as an active galactic nucleus (AGN). However, many stellar systems are plausibly expected to host black holes, from globular clusters to nuclear star clusters, to massive galaxies. The mere presence of stars in the vicinity of a black hole provides a source of fuel via mass loss of evolved stars. In this paper we assess the expected luminosities of black holes embedded in stellar systems of different sizes and properties, spanning a large range of masses. We model the distribution of stars and derive the amount "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1011.4311","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8cIq9R5/nNjkQm6jlwmy+k/168UOt5GcJjt1ixXfOxbWMV5C2+cIv6ErsVnszB8eu7BcEggZbbhm432COeyXBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T16:00:53.518447Z"},"content_sha256":"311233978e18e4ab64ef0e9b33cdec552ece38f2f342420766d493d42d48c69a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:311233978e18e4ab64ef0e9b33cdec552ece38f2f342420766d493d42d48c69a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HEALUJN5Q7BPUU7JKZU3RLTV2Q/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HEALUJN5Q7BPUU7JKZU3RLTV2Q/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HEALUJN5Q7BPUU7JKZU3RLTV2Q/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T16:00:53Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/HEALUJN5Q7BPUU7JKZU3RLTV2Q","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/HEALUJN5Q7BPUU7JKZU3RLTV2Q/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/HEALUJN5Q7BPUU7JKZU3RLTV2Q/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HEALUJN5Q7BPUU7JKZU3RLTV2Q/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:HEALUJN5Q7BPUU7JKZU3RLTV2Q","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3e45c98bf6979d3451ea0bb747c3157744ca525910426ef2991e158d2a2c7c47","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2010-11-18T21:41:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"82181d341dfea43447cee2ee8b07005be646065827667a379a066034e08b78bb"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1011.4311","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1011.4311","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1011.4311v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1011.4311","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HEALUJN5Q7BP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HEALUJN5Q7BPUU7J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HEALUJN5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:07Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:311233978e18e4ab64ef0e9b33cdec552ece38f2f342420766d493d42d48c69a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Only a small fraction of local galaxies harbor an accreting black hole, classified as an active galactic nucleus (AGN). However, many stellar systems are plausibly expected to host black holes, from globular clusters to nuclear star clusters, to massive galaxies. The mere presence of stars in the vicinity of a black hole provides a source of fuel via mass loss of evolved stars. In this paper we assess the expected luminosities of black holes embedded in stellar systems of different sizes and properties, spanning a large range of masses. We model the distribution of stars and derive the amount ","authors_text":"Duncan Campbell, Mario Mateo, Marta Volonteri, Massimo Dotti","cross_cats":["astro-ph.HE"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2010-11-18T21:41:37Z","title":"Massive black holes in stellar systems: 'quiescent' accretion and luminosity"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1011.4311","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0bdcfb960c693334042273332554a17384f681c65a552ca3df323572c05cc97a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3e45c98bf6979d3451ea0bb747c3157744ca525910426ef2991e158d2a2c7c47","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2010-11-18T21:41:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"82181d341dfea43447cee2ee8b07005be646065827667a379a066034e08b78bb"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1011.4311","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"3900ba25bd87c2fa53e95669b8ae75d401b1a08c272fb1b7225a4b3bfeed4b2e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3900ba25bd87c2fa53e95669b8ae75d401b1a08c272fb1b7225a4b3bfeed4b2e","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:43.723678Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:43.723678Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"5yU7R3BRgDKVE8fvVQLzGXyazJ4kYtGB+wutQZn59KTq99nnl3YDkSk95MRxUdSyn8xaGgNbpXP/+P4LOYCrAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:43.724738Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1011.4311","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0bdcfb960c693334042273332554a17384f681c65a552ca3df323572c05cc97a","sha256:311233978e18e4ab64ef0e9b33cdec552ece38f2f342420766d493d42d48c69a"],"state_sha256":"eae195e764e17e035103f55d366d4222fd13b60db24ad3ba4ff5a1b092c2ba14"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/koTDu6y9iNLqV5aurNAFk1EWXYK5EnldF+aBL/kfbyq59xhLL6tC9hWdBAENLAV/zKzqJ+9KknCnhBDN0opDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T16:00:53.520383Z","bundle_sha256":"db9099c9b35b0ab91df4ec734e2324ead65292d88cdb82fc2df1606ce6d5d66c"}}