{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:HELJFE4B7ZQUOGJDBIHYKLI7WL","short_pith_number":"pith:HELJFE4B","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1301.0109","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.CP","submitted_at":"2013-01-01T17:17:06Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.RM"],"title_canon_sha256":"99448f764448d8a6d07a4ab2dc2af851fe47aa0b23c2013209c0db0a77ecf0c3","abstract_canon_sha256":"692e9b699a9d21140e77c06e47c2a124bdb0640d4c4eee1ecac2d5499760ff75"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3916929381fe614719230a0f852d1fb2c81340354af20a8bd88db46de45ef597","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1301.0109","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1301.0109","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1301.0109v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1301.0109","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HELJFE4B7ZQU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HELJFE4B7ZQUOGJD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HELJFE4B","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:HELJFE4B7ZQUOGJDBIHYKLI7WL","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1301.0109","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.CP","submitted_at":"2013-01-01T17:17:06Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.RM"],"title_canon_sha256":"99448f764448d8a6d07a4ab2dc2af851fe47aa0b23c2013209c0db0a77ecf0c3","abstract_canon_sha256":"692e9b699a9d21140e77c06e47c2a124bdb0640d4c4eee1ecac2d5499760ff75"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3916929381fe614719230a0f852d1fb2c81340354af20a8bd88db46de45ef597","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:28.231213Z","signature_b64":"8VAeY0N4KPgS0sB6V4xYBxkBxxHkU9wt6JGgNHe0d4rlQK7CQQjP8nfe6TqO7AJWBuPfC90aBxRxAxp1aFUKDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3916929381fe614719230a0f852d1fb2c81340354af20a8bd88db46de45ef597","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:28.230696Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:28.230696Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1301.0109","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:28Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8apmYfPwXR5rYknDIxUXkx7PrpQenkjk0OpxSxUn8PxikKLF+HtcywX3HLNfQeAEgmp8Lu3URLUDWgwPZB6VAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T00:38:45.449133Z"},"content_sha256":"740b5c2e51e533ae651d6147e46c72cb0a3b724c3f085ca025cb04febc53218e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:740b5c2e51e533ae651d6147e46c72cb0a3b724c3f085ca025cb04febc53218e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:HELJFE4B7ZQUOGJDBIHYKLI7WL","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"On Reduced Form Intensity-based Model with Trigger Events","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["q-fin.RM"],"primary_cat":"q-fin.CP","authors_text":"Harry Zheng, Jia-Wen Gu, Tak-Kuen Siu, Wai-Ki Ching","submitted_at":"2013-01-01T17:17:06Z","abstract_excerpt":"Corporate defaults may be triggered by some major market news or events such as financial crises or collapses of major banks or financial institutions. With a view to develop a more realistic model for credit risk analysis, we introduce a new type of reduced-form intensity-based model that can incorporate the impacts of both observable \"trigger\" events and economic environment on corporate defaults. The key idea of the model is to augment a Cox process with trigger events. Both single-default and multiple-default cases are considered in this paper. In the former case, a simple expression for t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1301.0109","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:28Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rvrYCJ708eg9vWjyj7EhP01colYimt8vesasCDcmSh/8tqfVepcm7r/pZvV/un3Iqt5zUg7MQ3KBrROYwNkOCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T00:38:45.449797Z"},"content_sha256":"f0e84df046621cfc84df355087f4bc62d99c83dbb74efd62f6fcbb30a237aa16","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f0e84df046621cfc84df355087f4bc62d99c83dbb74efd62f6fcbb30a237aa16"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HELJFE4B7ZQUOGJDBIHYKLI7WL/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HELJFE4B7ZQUOGJDBIHYKLI7WL/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HELJFE4B7ZQUOGJDBIHYKLI7WL/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T00:38:45Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/HELJFE4B7ZQUOGJDBIHYKLI7WL","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/HELJFE4B7ZQUOGJDBIHYKLI7WL/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/HELJFE4B7ZQUOGJDBIHYKLI7WL/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HELJFE4B7ZQUOGJDBIHYKLI7WL/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:HELJFE4B7ZQUOGJDBIHYKLI7WL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"692e9b699a9d21140e77c06e47c2a124bdb0640d4c4eee1ecac2d5499760ff75","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.RM"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.CP","submitted_at":"2013-01-01T17:17:06Z","title_canon_sha256":"99448f764448d8a6d07a4ab2dc2af851fe47aa0b23c2013209c0db0a77ecf0c3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1301.0109","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1301.0109","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1301.0109v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1301.0109","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HELJFE4B7ZQU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HELJFE4B7ZQUOGJD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HELJFE4B","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f0e84df046621cfc84df355087f4bc62d99c83dbb74efd62f6fcbb30a237aa16","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:28Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Corporate defaults may be triggered by some major market news or events such as financial crises or collapses of major banks or financial institutions. With a view to develop a more realistic model for credit risk analysis, we introduce a new type of reduced-form intensity-based model that can incorporate the impacts of both observable \"trigger\" events and economic environment on corporate defaults. The key idea of the model is to augment a Cox process with trigger events. Both single-default and multiple-default cases are considered in this paper. In the former case, a simple expression for t","authors_text":"Harry Zheng, Jia-Wen Gu, Tak-Kuen Siu, Wai-Ki Ching","cross_cats":["q-fin.RM"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.CP","submitted_at":"2013-01-01T17:17:06Z","title":"On Reduced Form Intensity-based Model with Trigger Events"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1301.0109","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:740b5c2e51e533ae651d6147e46c72cb0a3b724c3f085ca025cb04febc53218e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:28Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"692e9b699a9d21140e77c06e47c2a124bdb0640d4c4eee1ecac2d5499760ff75","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.RM"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.CP","submitted_at":"2013-01-01T17:17:06Z","title_canon_sha256":"99448f764448d8a6d07a4ab2dc2af851fe47aa0b23c2013209c0db0a77ecf0c3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1301.0109","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"3916929381fe614719230a0f852d1fb2c81340354af20a8bd88db46de45ef597","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3916929381fe614719230a0f852d1fb2c81340354af20a8bd88db46de45ef597","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:28.230696Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:28.230696Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"8VAeY0N4KPgS0sB6V4xYBxkBxxHkU9wt6JGgNHe0d4rlQK7CQQjP8nfe6TqO7AJWBuPfC90aBxRxAxp1aFUKDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:37:28.231213Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1301.0109","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:740b5c2e51e533ae651d6147e46c72cb0a3b724c3f085ca025cb04febc53218e","sha256:f0e84df046621cfc84df355087f4bc62d99c83dbb74efd62f6fcbb30a237aa16"],"state_sha256":"960337a6ef64abf5bc49400bc7ba886847b7eb4357a2ca9e1ce8b227eaf52e34"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ivtqa4rxgXFDII7+KV1L0Dnitno00t8eezD6Cqmp48kDLVS7YIXRQa/6tNnIfJhM6h8ZLTgG5j+apkD0AYs8CA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T00:38:45.453072Z","bundle_sha256":"43c5a1273aa8518e7b75138b5b0d0274ff7ee4de846869e81da2bca808391e79"}}