{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:HGTMREARD2V2Y2R7T7O26XQVR6","short_pith_number":"pith:HGTMREAR","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1302.6897","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-02-27T16:13:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"91bd74a520918afe77d74f2615a8e8886759aad6771c3cfb7e7eb5386d9fa253","abstract_canon_sha256":"84b60511d08ddf30202d9a48f95691b3e7a3c3ba33370ad255d3a40407af712e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"39a6c890111eabac6a3f9fddaf5e158fa581586450bbb1bdbd3784b4799c346b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1302.6897","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1302.6897","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:25:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1302.6897v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:25:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1302.6897","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:25:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HGTMREARD2V2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HGTMREARD2V2Y2R7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HGTMREAR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:HGTMREARD2V2Y2R7T7O26XQVR6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1302.6897","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-02-27T16:13:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"91bd74a520918afe77d74f2615a8e8886759aad6771c3cfb7e7eb5386d9fa253","abstract_canon_sha256":"84b60511d08ddf30202d9a48f95691b3e7a3c3ba33370ad255d3a40407af712e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"39a6c890111eabac6a3f9fddaf5e158fa581586450bbb1bdbd3784b4799c346b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:25:14.134386Z","signature_b64":"VNtUd7vk2LABEDVfMQewJspMV35lEKKmaTLXANCTkB1nHyVq9iSYnriuSBEbCIQjA8VNrGZ2BaQvhfuyGgjkDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"39a6c890111eabac6a3f9fddaf5e158fa581586450bbb1bdbd3784b4799c346b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:25:14.133805Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:25:14.133805Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1302.6897","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:25:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9as8yd7tu41vziIpjXZmnsdZw+YKl+3SUcdwm0jI7Wj9KAU4oQzjtsQ6mWsM7Fc3JGlyEuRIwp18ftIcPTXLCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T21:00:30.249165Z"},"content_sha256":"8ddaa58a1478f939da93ba16e1ee6fad4c84f836e3ea8933150d2aaa56b4d899","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8ddaa58a1478f939da93ba16e1ee6fad4c84f836e3ea8933150d2aaa56b4d899"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:HGTMREARD2V2Y2R7T7O26XQVR6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The AD775 cosmic event revisited: the Sun is to blame","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"B. Kromer, F. Ludlow, G. A. Kovaltsov, I.G. Usoskin, J. Beer, L. Wacker, M. Friedrich, S. K. Solanki","submitted_at":"2013-02-27T16:13:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"Miyake et al. (henceforth M12) recently reported, based on 14C data, an extreme cosmic event ca. AD775. Using a simple model, M12 claimed that the event was too strong to be caused by a solar flare within the standard theory. This implied a new paradigm of either an impossibly strong solar flare or a very strong cosmic ray event of unknown origin occurred ca. AD775. We show that the strength of the event was significantly overestimated by M12. Several subsequent works have attempted to find a possible exotic source for such an event, but they are all based on incorrect estimates by M12. We rev"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1302.6897","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:25:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rHwq61BVmnvTIbtIaoPNk89g3aznX0GkgmY1KiNyx5BSwCuLBG48CVEU81y2ogpIE0KuxYasnnqGG3uS8fHQCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T21:00:30.249846Z"},"content_sha256":"33abe10e63cf25cd8473ee0432a22a2f49d98bf59f94793560a1f6dc399226fd","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:33abe10e63cf25cd8473ee0432a22a2f49d98bf59f94793560a1f6dc399226fd"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HGTMREARD2V2Y2R7T7O26XQVR6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HGTMREARD2V2Y2R7T7O26XQVR6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HGTMREARD2V2Y2R7T7O26XQVR6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T21:00:30Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/HGTMREARD2V2Y2R7T7O26XQVR6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/HGTMREARD2V2Y2R7T7O26XQVR6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/HGTMREARD2V2Y2R7T7O26XQVR6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HGTMREARD2V2Y2R7T7O26XQVR6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:HGTMREARD2V2Y2R7T7O26XQVR6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"84b60511d08ddf30202d9a48f95691b3e7a3c3ba33370ad255d3a40407af712e","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-02-27T16:13:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"91bd74a520918afe77d74f2615a8e8886759aad6771c3cfb7e7eb5386d9fa253"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1302.6897","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1302.6897","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:25:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1302.6897v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:25:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1302.6897","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:25:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HGTMREARD2V2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HGTMREARD2V2Y2R7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HGTMREAR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:46Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:33abe10e63cf25cd8473ee0432a22a2f49d98bf59f94793560a1f6dc399226fd","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:25:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Miyake et al. (henceforth M12) recently reported, based on 14C data, an extreme cosmic event ca. AD775. Using a simple model, M12 claimed that the event was too strong to be caused by a solar flare within the standard theory. This implied a new paradigm of either an impossibly strong solar flare or a very strong cosmic ray event of unknown origin occurred ca. AD775. We show that the strength of the event was significantly overestimated by M12. Several subsequent works have attempted to find a possible exotic source for such an event, but they are all based on incorrect estimates by M12. We rev","authors_text":"B. Kromer, F. Ludlow, G. A. Kovaltsov, I.G. Usoskin, J. Beer, L. Wacker, M. Friedrich, S. K. Solanki","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-02-27T16:13:01Z","title":"The AD775 cosmic event revisited: the Sun is to blame"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1302.6897","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8ddaa58a1478f939da93ba16e1ee6fad4c84f836e3ea8933150d2aaa56b4d899","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:25:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"84b60511d08ddf30202d9a48f95691b3e7a3c3ba33370ad255d3a40407af712e","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-02-27T16:13:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"91bd74a520918afe77d74f2615a8e8886759aad6771c3cfb7e7eb5386d9fa253"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1302.6897","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"39a6c890111eabac6a3f9fddaf5e158fa581586450bbb1bdbd3784b4799c346b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"39a6c890111eabac6a3f9fddaf5e158fa581586450bbb1bdbd3784b4799c346b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:25:14.133805Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:25:14.133805Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"VNtUd7vk2LABEDVfMQewJspMV35lEKKmaTLXANCTkB1nHyVq9iSYnriuSBEbCIQjA8VNrGZ2BaQvhfuyGgjkDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:25:14.134386Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1302.6897","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8ddaa58a1478f939da93ba16e1ee6fad4c84f836e3ea8933150d2aaa56b4d899","sha256:33abe10e63cf25cd8473ee0432a22a2f49d98bf59f94793560a1f6dc399226fd"],"state_sha256":"c67098006953fa9fa7dc41a175bad2e041e0a23212cf2ade0b802102a7075b88"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ahznsTvwotUb2FfI+18dzWLe07R1B2RHLBZV2QtyPpM0aGOlWatn3nM2yqSuWgLgZ3UvdBK/K3G79PY+9LDbCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T21:00:30.253580Z","bundle_sha256":"d2e2665ae9cc621d1561f21b5005ac9cd933a87e81904a384b90c9e1a364ec45"}}