{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:HJHNNXQ6YYUXINSAAW2JCRQFDC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"18f46d51e0ac86feaf86719c2efd8c450633893e1d9161201205d5b8677a8e14","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-28T03:44:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"c13372a21c489c2fa0fa2102d1352707121174ee781e8b8cf9c8e73bdd6bddd6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2402.18025","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2402.18025","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:33:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2402.18025v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:33:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2402.18025","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:33:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HJHNNXQ6YYUX","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:33:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HJHNNXQ6YYUXINSA","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:33:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HJHNNXQ6","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:33:59Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7323d8e1ee389024701f404caee05c667cdf83c25e044641e7a9afc47e7de2db","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:33:59Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2402.18025/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"How can large language models (LLMs) process and translate endangered languages? Many languages lack a large corpus to train a decent LLM; therefore existing LLMs rarely perform well in unseen, endangered languages. On the contrary, we observe that 2000 endangered languages, though without a large corpus, have a grammar book or a dictionary. We propose LINGOLLM, a training-free approach to enable an LLM to process unseen languages that hardly occur in its pre-training. Our key insight is to demonstrate linguistic knowledge of an unseen language in an LLM's prompt, including a dictionary, a gra","authors_text":"Kexun Zhang, Lei Li, Taiqi He, William Yang Wang, Yee Man Choi, Zhenqiao Song","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-28T03:44:01Z","title":"Hire a Linguist!: Learning Endangered Languages with In-Context Linguistic Descriptions"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2402.18025","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:99e46aafec2cc79b5b4c88794d966d9dc51d8e9cdbd2ac73d6c625437f9545d6","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:33:59Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"18f46d51e0ac86feaf86719c2efd8c450633893e1d9161201205d5b8677a8e14","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-28T03:44:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"c13372a21c489c2fa0fa2102d1352707121174ee781e8b8cf9c8e73bdd6bddd6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2402.18025","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"3a4ed6de1ec62974364005b491460518bdebfad67462d969bee9aa8ee208a4ac","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3a4ed6de1ec62974364005b491460518bdebfad67462d969bee9aa8ee208a4ac","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:33:59.792272Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:33:59.792272Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"UG0wXO0PmyWu7WVhZqTa6VH0C0etI+Z7Nl4LLUn5ypyD3UUHAqC8X+hv2v8ZmKkPjUVOtYVCSXhP/Kaa8KdmAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:33:59.792775Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2402.18025","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:99e46aafec2cc79b5b4c88794d966d9dc51d8e9cdbd2ac73d6c625437f9545d6","sha256:7323d8e1ee389024701f404caee05c667cdf83c25e044641e7a9afc47e7de2db"],"state_sha256":"8e85ab0730386c56e10ce45ca65d4fe2143db2c3d5d331243348eb2cbf149aa7"}