{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:HKQJE5UYL6VB7I74FBPORTXKXP","short_pith_number":"pith:HKQJE5UY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2411.11817","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2024-11-18T18:36:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"25cbb6eaaa0801c2764366067d6adec747800a55ea67cb5c5d580ae196d3b0ef","abstract_canon_sha256":"de379c88ac6848e7eb04ec8ff902b2668079a6c69f8f663651763514e7625b37"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3aa09276985faa1fa3fc285ee8ceeabbf8d2b9deeeb919d9c565b4ed6e7690b9","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2411.11817","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2411.11817","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2411.11817v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2411.11817","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HKQJE5UYL6VB","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HKQJE5UYL6VB7I74","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HKQJE5UY","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:HKQJE5UYL6VB7I74FBPORTXKXP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2411.11817","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2024-11-18T18:36:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"25cbb6eaaa0801c2764366067d6adec747800a55ea67cb5c5d580ae196d3b0ef","abstract_canon_sha256":"de379c88ac6848e7eb04ec8ff902b2668079a6c69f8f663651763514e7625b37"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3aa09276985faa1fa3fc285ee8ceeabbf8d2b9deeeb919d9c565b4ed6e7690b9","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02.380930Z","signature_b64":"RoIInN4SAmCa1FsQS5SDjow30a015OPQGxW2L7F45Wu2wwpwD3NYufVTJzkvM61efHmXy4QwC32W+jN2KHRGCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3aa09276985faa1fa3fc285ee8ceeabbf8d2b9deeeb919d9c565b4ed6e7690b9","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02.380412Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02.380412Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2411.11817","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Tlx12Xb/D5onc+OQ+NDxDBMM2D857f+/BXJqnY1KbcsbNqamVfHUo84jvPVfhd0hW/5UnmStRxuYOQTgx8EoCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T17:51:56.494316Z"},"content_sha256":"7d0bcbb083db8733f04e396d797ac5bdc7ae6c590c306278ea5ead79a85bef90","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7d0bcbb083db8733f04e396d797ac5bdc7ae6c590c306278ea5ead79a85bef90"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:HKQJE5UYL6VB7I74FBPORTXKXP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Fabrication of Hierarchical Sapphire Nanostructures using Ultrafast Laser Induced Morphology Change","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"Chih-Hao Chang, Joshua Cheung, Kun-Chieh Chien, Li Shi, Peter Sokalski","submitted_at":"2024-11-18T18:36:07Z","abstract_excerpt":"Sapphire is an attractive material in photonic, optoelectronic, and transparent ceramic applications that stand to benefit from surface functionalization effects stemming from micro/nanostructures. Here we investigate the use of ultrafast lasers for fabricating nanostructures in sapphire by exploring the relationship between irradiation parameters, morphology change, and selective etching. In this approach an ultrafast laser pulse is focused on the sapphire substrate to change the crystalline morphology to amorphous or polycrystalline, which is characterized by examining different vibrational "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2411.11817","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2411.11817/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9pZjrwOxEGakHjuxXhVNdQrjXVEKHPv3OAgBP79wzlsmG4zrau1UiXc/6xCSb4GLEK4if549l1Pz7sxPe3tbCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T17:51:56.494821Z"},"content_sha256":"1fe6612645bf8c6cf88a69ccae320e1483f944c7aabce1514081a890122b522d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1fe6612645bf8c6cf88a69ccae320e1483f944c7aabce1514081a890122b522d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HKQJE5UYL6VB7I74FBPORTXKXP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HKQJE5UYL6VB7I74FBPORTXKXP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HKQJE5UYL6VB7I74FBPORTXKXP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-23T17:51:56Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/HKQJE5UYL6VB7I74FBPORTXKXP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/HKQJE5UYL6VB7I74FBPORTXKXP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/HKQJE5UYL6VB7I74FBPORTXKXP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HKQJE5UYL6VB7I74FBPORTXKXP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:HKQJE5UYL6VB7I74FBPORTXKXP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"de379c88ac6848e7eb04ec8ff902b2668079a6c69f8f663651763514e7625b37","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2024-11-18T18:36:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"25cbb6eaaa0801c2764366067d6adec747800a55ea67cb5c5d580ae196d3b0ef"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2411.11817","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2411.11817","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2411.11817v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2411.11817","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HKQJE5UYL6VB","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HKQJE5UYL6VB7I74","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HKQJE5UY","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1fe6612645bf8c6cf88a69ccae320e1483f944c7aabce1514081a890122b522d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2411.11817/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Sapphire is an attractive material in photonic, optoelectronic, and transparent ceramic applications that stand to benefit from surface functionalization effects stemming from micro/nanostructures. Here we investigate the use of ultrafast lasers for fabricating nanostructures in sapphire by exploring the relationship between irradiation parameters, morphology change, and selective etching. In this approach an ultrafast laser pulse is focused on the sapphire substrate to change the crystalline morphology to amorphous or polycrystalline, which is characterized by examining different vibrational ","authors_text":"Chih-Hao Chang, Joshua Cheung, Kun-Chieh Chien, Li Shi, Peter Sokalski","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2024-11-18T18:36:07Z","title":"Fabrication of Hierarchical Sapphire Nanostructures using Ultrafast Laser Induced Morphology Change"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2411.11817","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7d0bcbb083db8733f04e396d797ac5bdc7ae6c590c306278ea5ead79a85bef90","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"de379c88ac6848e7eb04ec8ff902b2668079a6c69f8f663651763514e7625b37","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2024-11-18T18:36:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"25cbb6eaaa0801c2764366067d6adec747800a55ea67cb5c5d580ae196d3b0ef"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2411.11817","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"3aa09276985faa1fa3fc285ee8ceeabbf8d2b9deeeb919d9c565b4ed6e7690b9","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3aa09276985faa1fa3fc285ee8ceeabbf8d2b9deeeb919d9c565b4ed6e7690b9","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02.380412Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02.380412Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"RoIInN4SAmCa1FsQS5SDjow30a015OPQGxW2L7F45Wu2wwpwD3NYufVTJzkvM61efHmXy4QwC32W+jN2KHRGCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:37:02.380930Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2411.11817","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7d0bcbb083db8733f04e396d797ac5bdc7ae6c590c306278ea5ead79a85bef90","sha256:1fe6612645bf8c6cf88a69ccae320e1483f944c7aabce1514081a890122b522d"],"state_sha256":"3faa7f58ea5860760e63878d5b3cbf0a58eeaa89fc8e26e5976180e721fd95db"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BTeOwCBgzq4FLZeIWqCqtlQHYBy+ctzkO+ZrK6OazCMCmxBEOWMPZ/3c6JkOArN/Rwj/9jqtzer3wGfPfHq9Cw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T17:51:56.499694Z","bundle_sha256":"174d98a2fe041e0d4b4847d2fdec096c8ccb542431a2fcd6bb6fd20240806a65"}}