{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2007:HLBT5F7V2N2WX4VDTE454S4HT4","short_pith_number":"pith:HLBT5F7V","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0709.2358","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2007-09-14T18:15:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"308b91608c1ce48f2f5c298f27ec05300ecce2485196b38b2de1b76014c5f73e","abstract_canon_sha256":"5d5a54e9b54c4aa6b22ff280fed997a16b0599817dc69b27a919a6fc254209e3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3ac33e97f5d3756bf2a39939de4b879f314c8218a2f7e47540e4db00521549cf","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0709.2358","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0709.2358","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0709.2358v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0709.2358","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HLBT5F7V2N2W","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HLBT5F7V2N2WX4VD","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HLBT5F7V","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2007:HLBT5F7V2N2WX4VDTE454S4HT4","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0709.2358","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2007-09-14T18:15:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"308b91608c1ce48f2f5c298f27ec05300ecce2485196b38b2de1b76014c5f73e","abstract_canon_sha256":"5d5a54e9b54c4aa6b22ff280fed997a16b0599817dc69b27a919a6fc254209e3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3ac33e97f5d3756bf2a39939de4b879f314c8218a2f7e47540e4db00521549cf","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06.489437Z","signature_b64":"CsuP+D+jthFWWdpsc2B33FmYr3a9KwOPPi48jqjx4FCAeE58ttzfBTD3I7mu4iywWD5AEnCnyawNhc79wWaiCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3ac33e97f5d3756bf2a39939de4b879f314c8218a2f7e47540e4db00521549cf","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06.489022Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06.489022Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0709.2358","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"r07y318YcXbPfAWcrz6dW+wiAzUg0NXE9+n3eNSRMpJpwt0lPMS+sBu7trJuHvKeYOFfnLevJn4um63zAhczCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T01:10:39.686473Z"},"content_sha256":"12b4ebe61a00fc525bdc629a7b93dcd50b5a074539f7a3a4d6aa943b35b79707","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:12b4ebe61a00fc525bdc629a7b93dcd50b5a074539f7a3a4d6aa943b35b79707"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2007:HLBT5F7V2N2WX4VDTE454S4HT4","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Cleaning the USNO-B Catalog through automatic detection of optical artifacts","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"Christopher Stumm (Toronto), David W. Hogg (NYU), Dustin Lang, Jonathan T. Barron (Toronto), Sam Roweis (Toronto)","submitted_at":"2007-09-14T18:15:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"The USNO-B Catalog contains spurious entries that are caused by diffraction spikes and circular reflection halos around bright stars in the original imaging data. These spurious entries appear in the Catalog as if they were real stars; they are confusing for some scientific tasks. The spurious entries can be identified by simple computer vision techniques because they produce repeatable patterns on the sky. Some techniques employed here are variants of the Hough transform, one of which is sensitive to (two-dimensional) overdensities of faint stars in thin right-angle cross patterns centered on"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0709.2358","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/0709.2358/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"b5bWELYwnPGmhJhdM6ckczDh4L2vdoQJgi1AhpLNt8k7MG/iIvLZxCf+BDfSZL5k0kBBYP5cEbu0ueHIbnEmBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T01:10:39.686965Z"},"content_sha256":"de463945dd08a9ebd038b5334d1912b6efa1b166e9ca2cf9e31b8c17950e00cb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:de463945dd08a9ebd038b5334d1912b6efa1b166e9ca2cf9e31b8c17950e00cb"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HLBT5F7V2N2WX4VDTE454S4HT4/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HLBT5F7V2N2WX4VDTE454S4HT4/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HLBT5F7V2N2WX4VDTE454S4HT4/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-07T01:10:39Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/HLBT5F7V2N2WX4VDTE454S4HT4","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/HLBT5F7V2N2WX4VDTE454S4HT4/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/HLBT5F7V2N2WX4VDTE454S4HT4/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HLBT5F7V2N2WX4VDTE454S4HT4/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2007:HLBT5F7V2N2WX4VDTE454S4HT4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5d5a54e9b54c4aa6b22ff280fed997a16b0599817dc69b27a919a6fc254209e3","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2007-09-14T18:15:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"308b91608c1ce48f2f5c298f27ec05300ecce2485196b38b2de1b76014c5f73e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0709.2358","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0709.2358","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0709.2358v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0709.2358","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HLBT5F7V2N2W","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HLBT5F7V2N2WX4VD","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HLBT5F7V","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:de463945dd08a9ebd038b5334d1912b6efa1b166e9ca2cf9e31b8c17950e00cb","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/0709.2358/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The USNO-B Catalog contains spurious entries that are caused by diffraction spikes and circular reflection halos around bright stars in the original imaging data. These spurious entries appear in the Catalog as if they were real stars; they are confusing for some scientific tasks. The spurious entries can be identified by simple computer vision techniques because they produce repeatable patterns on the sky. Some techniques employed here are variants of the Hough transform, one of which is sensitive to (two-dimensional) overdensities of faint stars in thin right-angle cross patterns centered on","authors_text":"Christopher Stumm (Toronto), David W. Hogg (NYU), Dustin Lang, Jonathan T. Barron (Toronto), Sam Roweis (Toronto)","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2007-09-14T18:15:31Z","title":"Cleaning the USNO-B Catalog through automatic detection of optical artifacts"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0709.2358","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:12b4ebe61a00fc525bdc629a7b93dcd50b5a074539f7a3a4d6aa943b35b79707","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5d5a54e9b54c4aa6b22ff280fed997a16b0599817dc69b27a919a6fc254209e3","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2007-09-14T18:15:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"308b91608c1ce48f2f5c298f27ec05300ecce2485196b38b2de1b76014c5f73e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0709.2358","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"3ac33e97f5d3756bf2a39939de4b879f314c8218a2f7e47540e4db00521549cf","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3ac33e97f5d3756bf2a39939de4b879f314c8218a2f7e47540e4db00521549cf","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06.489022Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06.489022Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"CsuP+D+jthFWWdpsc2B33FmYr3a9KwOPPi48jqjx4FCAeE58ttzfBTD3I7mu4iywWD5AEnCnyawNhc79wWaiCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T17:20:06.489437Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0709.2358","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:12b4ebe61a00fc525bdc629a7b93dcd50b5a074539f7a3a4d6aa943b35b79707","sha256:de463945dd08a9ebd038b5334d1912b6efa1b166e9ca2cf9e31b8c17950e00cb"],"state_sha256":"58e2cde46c2679b28ad6848db7ead2f8a3b71f8faaf75bb61c2a4b90d38486ed"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0in7GWqjNHhNgA0kHFywF0x4KAh78iuMjCTSsFDXo+3siSm0/emUvmBlLALG1+j2cHj328zSapNbDagLYD99Cg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T01:10:39.690983Z","bundle_sha256":"92372b532a144aa9a4851a0f53e7d86f8bf752369dee45788db7b3aa74b42721"}}