{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:HRJ6JBU7ZYTIBK3O6KRGIHPGGX","short_pith_number":"pith:HRJ6JBU7","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.23169","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2025-06-29T10:04:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY"],"title_canon_sha256":"44b916396e64bc3eb0dd3df47863a7b983130ada5e715f8fc1e1ccf69b63f289","abstract_canon_sha256":"437790e9966c2947c4174e342ed16c0950d71388582093ab20c17ca1b56881c5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3c53e4869fce2680ab6ef2a2641de635f09bf2f45219a4a74313493fd2f08f30","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2506.23169","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.23169","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.23169v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.23169","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HRJ6JBU7ZYTI","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HRJ6JBU7ZYTIBK3O","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HRJ6JBU7","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:HRJ6JBU7ZYTIBK3O6KRGIHPGGX","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.23169","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2025-06-29T10:04:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY"],"title_canon_sha256":"44b916396e64bc3eb0dd3df47863a7b983130ada5e715f8fc1e1ccf69b63f289","abstract_canon_sha256":"437790e9966c2947c4174e342ed16c0950d71388582093ab20c17ca1b56881c5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3c53e4869fce2680ab6ef2a2641de635f09bf2f45219a4a74313493fd2f08f30","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17.006271Z","signature_b64":"8hNePIeaD3srMsj9K0gC6ue6x8ek/vQx/x8vjTD1skkbkl3w1KyCunVXdrwKpyJS2hzT2imhvy18NDqhbA66DA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3c53e4869fce2680ab6ef2a2641de635f09bf2f45219a4a74313493fd2f08f30","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17.005813Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17.005813Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2506.23169","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"beoEvfyhGF9RDJuSzvhesyrON8BtCRiLaEnmg9fv3uaTLEl0m9O3pTj2z8zbV9Ru1O/oTk9/8dLJhdzwp6Z+Dg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T18:56:14.378680Z"},"content_sha256":"f280a2d06521919b12d014dc61716a92ba7c39f7f673d3082bc274d99ed0d182","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f280a2d06521919b12d014dc61716a92ba7c39f7f673d3082bc274d99ed0d182"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:HRJ6JBU7ZYTIBK3O6KRGIHPGGX","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Extreme Scenario Characterization for High Renewable Energy Penetrated Power Systems over Long Time Scales","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.SY"],"primary_cat":"eess.SY","authors_text":"Feng Liu, Kai Kang, Yifan Su, Zhaojian Wang","submitted_at":"2025-06-29T10:04:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"Power systems with high renewable energy penetration are highly influenced by weather conditions, often facing significant challenges such as persistent power shortages and severe power fluctuations over long time scales. This paper addresses the critical need for effective characterization of extreme scenarios under these situations. First, novel risk indices are proposed to quantify the severity of continuous power shortages and substantial power fluctuations over long-term operations. These indices are independent of specific scheduling strategies and incorporate the system's resource regul"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.23169","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2506.23169/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LAIHWjuSwz5BEmMMDm4yx1L3QkNJWbaRbhOj61OVXhRKKUNaLt4GYg3TQtNvEVvOOzcKd7bNTc/tvuWE6VB/Dg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T18:56:14.379462Z"},"content_sha256":"541187b322b61ff5cb42c7d083e9bd94f0a913c566d89eb5dcf3a5a9a6cd10f5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:541187b322b61ff5cb42c7d083e9bd94f0a913c566d89eb5dcf3a5a9a6cd10f5"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HRJ6JBU7ZYTIBK3O6KRGIHPGGX/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HRJ6JBU7ZYTIBK3O6KRGIHPGGX/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HRJ6JBU7ZYTIBK3O6KRGIHPGGX/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-21T18:56:14Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/HRJ6JBU7ZYTIBK3O6KRGIHPGGX","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/HRJ6JBU7ZYTIBK3O6KRGIHPGGX/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/HRJ6JBU7ZYTIBK3O6KRGIHPGGX/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HRJ6JBU7ZYTIBK3O6KRGIHPGGX/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:HRJ6JBU7ZYTIBK3O6KRGIHPGGX","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"437790e9966c2947c4174e342ed16c0950d71388582093ab20c17ca1b56881c5","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2025-06-29T10:04:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"44b916396e64bc3eb0dd3df47863a7b983130ada5e715f8fc1e1ccf69b63f289"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.23169","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.23169","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.23169v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.23169","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HRJ6JBU7ZYTI","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HRJ6JBU7ZYTIBK3O","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HRJ6JBU7","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:541187b322b61ff5cb42c7d083e9bd94f0a913c566d89eb5dcf3a5a9a6cd10f5","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2506.23169/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Power systems with high renewable energy penetration are highly influenced by weather conditions, often facing significant challenges such as persistent power shortages and severe power fluctuations over long time scales. This paper addresses the critical need for effective characterization of extreme scenarios under these situations. First, novel risk indices are proposed to quantify the severity of continuous power shortages and substantial power fluctuations over long-term operations. These indices are independent of specific scheduling strategies and incorporate the system's resource regul","authors_text":"Feng Liu, Kai Kang, Yifan Su, Zhaojian Wang","cross_cats":["cs.SY"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2025-06-29T10:04:05Z","title":"Extreme Scenario Characterization for High Renewable Energy Penetrated Power Systems over Long Time Scales"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.23169","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f280a2d06521919b12d014dc61716a92ba7c39f7f673d3082bc274d99ed0d182","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"437790e9966c2947c4174e342ed16c0950d71388582093ab20c17ca1b56881c5","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2025-06-29T10:04:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"44b916396e64bc3eb0dd3df47863a7b983130ada5e715f8fc1e1ccf69b63f289"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.23169","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"3c53e4869fce2680ab6ef2a2641de635f09bf2f45219a4a74313493fd2f08f30","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3c53e4869fce2680ab6ef2a2641de635f09bf2f45219a4a74313493fd2f08f30","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17.005813Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17.005813Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"8hNePIeaD3srMsj9K0gC6ue6x8ek/vQx/x8vjTD1skkbkl3w1KyCunVXdrwKpyJS2hzT2imhvy18NDqhbA66DA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:17.006271Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2506.23169","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f280a2d06521919b12d014dc61716a92ba7c39f7f673d3082bc274d99ed0d182","sha256:541187b322b61ff5cb42c7d083e9bd94f0a913c566d89eb5dcf3a5a9a6cd10f5"],"state_sha256":"9de2e746e473d06e5cc01b9b747592fdc62d8f9b5f89a463679a046671fa8654"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vQJdvnO2yujQPnpucmxU+cmiyES3y/nEd8BbAtxfzgfrZxuNhzzTWcU031WgCR7VLo6bbnM5OAPFDKnE440HCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T18:56:14.385470Z","bundle_sha256":"f4cadc95384b0b33274ae748ee2a3f8b4d03f614959f7e6d1f5ab81422b345e2"}}