{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:HSVYR4KV72E7ULZH57EMROJVJL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6f136218e46f258170b2d6c3f286bcf0eabe61d305bb97e23619d06a5d6cfa8a","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.app-ph","submitted_at":"2018-10-14T07:16:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"17acd433b5eb7c9e12cfad19c7650944f923d525c4a387623903ea41ec74640b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1811.06914","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1811.06914","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1811.06914v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1811.06914","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HSVYR4KV72E7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HSVYR4KV72E7ULZH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HSVYR4KV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:28Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:04ddc931bbf4a8f97c8277225ad1b934ce74fa85e5e42562f86b11e2814adf17","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Mode-division-multiplexing (MDM) is attractive as a means to increase the link capacity of a single wavelength for optical interconnects via the use of multiple mode-channels in multimode bus waveguide.In order to route the data in MDM systems, waveguide bends are typically needed.In particular, ultra-sharp bends are desirable for reducing the chip area occupied by high-density photonic intergrated circuits (PICs). In this work, we propose and demonstrate a novel meta-surfaced waveguide structure on silicon, which enables ultral-sharp multimode waveguide bends to have low loss and low crosstal","authors_text":"Chenlei Li, Daoxin Dai, Hao Wu, Hon-Ki Tsang, John E Bowers, Lijia Song","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.app-ph","submitted_at":"2018-10-14T07:16:25Z","title":"Meta-surface-enabled ultra-sharp multimode waveguide bends on silicon"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1811.06914","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8eee2c8739e7346df10e0ef70193f79678a01bed290ea28304ce1b883fcbf830","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6f136218e46f258170b2d6c3f286bcf0eabe61d305bb97e23619d06a5d6cfa8a","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.app-ph","submitted_at":"2018-10-14T07:16:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"17acd433b5eb7c9e12cfad19c7650944f923d525c4a387623903ea41ec74640b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1811.06914","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"3cab88f155fe89fa2f27efc8c8b9354ae53df01fc2f129302732c9429b0f3d80","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3cab88f155fe89fa2f27efc8c8b9354ae53df01fc2f129302732c9429b0f3d80","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33.481231Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33.481231Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"abrhmhS66jdj9tGxdIosKNXgmcJvk54QMDJu3r/dFLMLupUW8nnpzq3Rq/n94B/MHx5xonEXgRQHfEc/BbmVBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33.481832Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1811.06914","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8eee2c8739e7346df10e0ef70193f79678a01bed290ea28304ce1b883fcbf830","sha256:04ddc931bbf4a8f97c8277225ad1b934ce74fa85e5e42562f86b11e2814adf17"],"state_sha256":"dc959ee05eecb6fae3ec9b197029ec05bea7a62a4372d8309916e115a60c4b5c"}