{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:HTOOQKTNS5XYKFJVPI6DSBPG2A","short_pith_number":"pith:HTOOQKTN","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1002.1512","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2010-02-08T02:57:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-bio.TO"],"title_canon_sha256":"a80ba1e77367bdf7b69611d264ee525b38da5faf9ed5606403dfd3d00fdf8eec","abstract_canon_sha256":"2e33ef2e05d6e034b3cb91f1157f3217462332d7feddac9173652f6b1f3dbca6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3cdce82a6d976f8515357a3c3905e6d00075c065e2be5fcb6461c7bffa718186","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1002.1512","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1002.1512","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:09:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1002.1512v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:09:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1002.1512","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:09:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HTOOQKTNS5XY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HTOOQKTNS5XYKFJV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HTOOQKTN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:07Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:HTOOQKTNS5XYKFJVPI6DSBPG2A","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1002.1512","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2010-02-08T02:57:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-bio.TO"],"title_canon_sha256":"a80ba1e77367bdf7b69611d264ee525b38da5faf9ed5606403dfd3d00fdf8eec","abstract_canon_sha256":"2e33ef2e05d6e034b3cb91f1157f3217462332d7feddac9173652f6b1f3dbca6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3cdce82a6d976f8515357a3c3905e6d00075c065e2be5fcb6461c7bffa718186","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:09:11.480858Z","signature_b64":"OFVBCCbbeoYkIjTa5gLrZcUG6uz9Dw1OVifeYeekkVnLt8O7/TsnFtcFplQLwz1Caygk3T2JKOZUdblBCKLdDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3cdce82a6d976f8515357a3c3905e6d00075c065e2be5fcb6461c7bffa718186","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:09:11.480091Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:09:11.480091Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1002.1512","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:09:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"946pe2pNhNRx192PSxmSc8Bzk8WXUIC/FGcQVnP4laJFSDGqsQZ1SahujU0Jk8CUNWf0ffnh/SfdsSqk3w2aCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T15:24:16.309571Z"},"content_sha256":"84f302cc377d9346daba454bf1d8f8c5f1db6ea1e20cef698375d65ad05c0756","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:84f302cc377d9346daba454bf1d8f8c5f1db6ea1e20cef698375d65ad05c0756"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:HTOOQKTNS5XYKFJVPI6DSBPG2A","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Optimality of mutation and selection in germinal centers","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["q-bio.TO"],"primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","authors_text":"Eugene I. Shakhnovich, Jingshan Zhang","submitted_at":"2010-02-08T02:57:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"The population dynamics theory of B cells in a typical germinal center could play an important role in revealing how affinity maturation is achieved. However, the existing models encountered some conflicts with experiments. To resolve these conflicts, we present a coarse-grained model to calculate the B cell population development in affinity maturation, which allows a comprehensive analysis of its parameter space to look for optimal values of mutation rate, selection strength, and initial antibody-antigen binding level that maximize the affinity improvement. With these optimized parameters, t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1002.1512","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:09:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"IgbA8zcsHxadPQxMX4hcozbbpvVJCppUzi17KaD333a1BKlke3ORlNIlMhxolylZQRK1IvYaUnnM/QtBsfoDBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T15:24:16.309947Z"},"content_sha256":"ecb33a58b9aee47503f97dd773f8390062486e755b2faf2dc755075efcf768c5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ecb33a58b9aee47503f97dd773f8390062486e755b2faf2dc755075efcf768c5"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HTOOQKTNS5XYKFJVPI6DSBPG2A/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HTOOQKTNS5XYKFJVPI6DSBPG2A/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HTOOQKTNS5XYKFJVPI6DSBPG2A/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T15:24:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/HTOOQKTNS5XYKFJVPI6DSBPG2A","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/HTOOQKTNS5XYKFJVPI6DSBPG2A/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/HTOOQKTNS5XYKFJVPI6DSBPG2A/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HTOOQKTNS5XYKFJVPI6DSBPG2A/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:HTOOQKTNS5XYKFJVPI6DSBPG2A","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2e33ef2e05d6e034b3cb91f1157f3217462332d7feddac9173652f6b1f3dbca6","cross_cats_sorted":["q-bio.TO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2010-02-08T02:57:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"a80ba1e77367bdf7b69611d264ee525b38da5faf9ed5606403dfd3d00fdf8eec"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1002.1512","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1002.1512","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:09:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1002.1512v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:09:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1002.1512","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:09:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HTOOQKTNS5XY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HTOOQKTNS5XYKFJV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HTOOQKTN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:07Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ecb33a58b9aee47503f97dd773f8390062486e755b2faf2dc755075efcf768c5","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:09:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The population dynamics theory of B cells in a typical germinal center could play an important role in revealing how affinity maturation is achieved. However, the existing models encountered some conflicts with experiments. To resolve these conflicts, we present a coarse-grained model to calculate the B cell population development in affinity maturation, which allows a comprehensive analysis of its parameter space to look for optimal values of mutation rate, selection strength, and initial antibody-antigen binding level that maximize the affinity improvement. With these optimized parameters, t","authors_text":"Eugene I. Shakhnovich, Jingshan Zhang","cross_cats":["q-bio.TO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2010-02-08T02:57:58Z","title":"Optimality of mutation and selection in germinal centers"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1002.1512","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:84f302cc377d9346daba454bf1d8f8c5f1db6ea1e20cef698375d65ad05c0756","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:09:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2e33ef2e05d6e034b3cb91f1157f3217462332d7feddac9173652f6b1f3dbca6","cross_cats_sorted":["q-bio.TO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2010-02-08T02:57:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"a80ba1e77367bdf7b69611d264ee525b38da5faf9ed5606403dfd3d00fdf8eec"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1002.1512","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"3cdce82a6d976f8515357a3c3905e6d00075c065e2be5fcb6461c7bffa718186","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3cdce82a6d976f8515357a3c3905e6d00075c065e2be5fcb6461c7bffa718186","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:09:11.480091Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:09:11.480091Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"OFVBCCbbeoYkIjTa5gLrZcUG6uz9Dw1OVifeYeekkVnLt8O7/TsnFtcFplQLwz1Caygk3T2JKOZUdblBCKLdDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:09:11.480858Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1002.1512","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:84f302cc377d9346daba454bf1d8f8c5f1db6ea1e20cef698375d65ad05c0756","sha256:ecb33a58b9aee47503f97dd773f8390062486e755b2faf2dc755075efcf768c5"],"state_sha256":"3a4e9e668e3ce41484fed205e45468e3669cdf275de50e6b4bbe92680046165c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mgv4582bdAF4aW3APv+hbYFcjxrPVcKvuDwBAzhsYptCG16S+Gax6qE/iB6EIpIKHey2FvPmR+wftH6IOFuqDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T15:24:16.312341Z","bundle_sha256":"f35fc5bf1926953802d877330c8ea356ada422a3451de08b72cba6cf68f8a220"}}